- LI/LiI/IODINE GALVANIC CELLS USING IODINE-POLY(2,5-THIENYLENE)ADDUCTS AS ACTIVE MATERIAlS OF POSITIVE ELECTRODES
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Iodine adducts of poly(2,5-thienylene) serve as good active materials of positive electrodes of Li/LiI7iodine galvanic cells.Discharge curves of the galvanic cells at 500 kΩ load show stable voltage (2.8-2.3 V) until about 85percent of iodine added is con
- Yamamoto, Takakazu,Zama, Masanobu,Yamamoto, Akio
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- Synthesis, properties, and structure of LiAuI4 and KAuI4 with a discussion of the crystal chemical relationship between the halogenoaurates RbAuCl4, AgAuCl4, RbAuBr4 and LiAuI4
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The alkalimetal iodo aurates(III) MAuI4 (M = Li, K) are obtained in form of single crystals from MI, Au and I2 in a sealed glass ampoule by heating to 550°C and slow cooling to 300°C. KAuI4 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 968.6(4); b = 704.5(2), c = 1393.2(7) pm; β = 100.95(2)° and Z = 4. The crystal structure is built up from square planar AuI4- anions and K+ cations. The cations are coordinated by eight I atoms of neighbouring AuI4- anions with distances K-I between 350.0 and 369.6 pm. At 100°C KAuI4 is reduced to form K3Au3I8, which at 180°C decomposes to KI, Au and I2. LiAuI4 forms black, moisture sensitive needles, decomposing in the absence of iodine at 20°C to LiI, Au and I2. It crystallizes in a variant of the RbAuBr4 type structure with the space group P21/a and a = 1511.7(4); b = 433.9(4); c = 710.0(2) pm; β = 121.50(2)°; Z = 2. The crystal chemical relationship between the structures of RbAuCl4, RbAuBr4, AgAuCl4 and LiAuI4 is discussed.
- Lang, E. Schulz,Abram,Str?hle
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- 2,6-Diphenylphenyl-Based Organometallic Compounds of Gallium
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(2,6-Diphenylphenyl)lithium-bis(diethyl ether), Ph2C6H3Li·Et2O (I), was synthesized by reaction of ra-butyllithium with 2,6-diphenyl-1-iodobenzene in diethyl ether. Reaction of I with group 13 metal halides, MX
- Crittendon, R. Chad,Beck, Brent C.,Su, Jianrui,Li, Xiao-Wang,Robinson, Gregory H.
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- Time-of-flight neutron diffraction study on lithium dinitride iodide, Li7N2i
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The structure of Li7N2I has been redetermined from neutron diffraction data using the high resolution powder diffractometer (HRPD) at the spallation source ISIS, UK. The title compound crystallizes in the space group F4 3m (No.216), a= 1038.797(1) pm, with eight formula units per unit cell. The Li7N2I-structure comprises a cationic Li13N4+ framework which is built of monocapped octahedra. While all Li atoms at the vertices are shared between two neighbouring units, the capping metal atom is shared by four octahedra. The Li13N4+ network is closely related to the B2X6 octahedral framework observed in the pyrochlore structure. Large voids in the structure are occupied by iodide and a Li+I- ion pair. There is evidence that the nonsphericity of the Li+I- dipole induces a complicated Lidisorder in the Li-N framework. Elsevier.
- Marx
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- Identification of LiO bands in the infrared spectra of the insertion compound δ-LiV2O5
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Vanadium pentoxide, V2O5, is known for its ability to form LixV2O5 compounds by inserting Li+ ions. This insertion process can be performed by chemical or electrochemical techniques at room temperature. The infrared spectra of samples of chemically prepared 6LiV2O5 and 7LiV2O5 compounds are shown. In comparison to V2O5, the spectra exhibit one main band near 360 cm-1 which does not show any significant difference in both compounds. Spectra of LixV2O5 samples with x = 0.8 and 0.9 also show the Li-O bands but with lower intensity. Electrochemically prepared LixV2O5 compounds give the same infrared spectra as chemically prepared samples. From the isotopic shift of a band near 400 cm-1 in the spectra it is concluded that in the structure of δ-LiV2O5 the Li+ ions occupy fourfold coordinated sites.
- Pigorsch,Steger
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- Dehydration of lithium iodide crystal hydrate in vacuum
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Dehydration of the LiI ? 3H2O crystal hydrate in vacuum has been investigated at 20-25°C. The decomposition of the LiI ? 3H 2O crystal hydrate in vacuum proceeds to monohydrate. During heating of lithium iodide monohydrate, evolution
- Sofronov,Voloshko,Shishkin,Kudin
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- Chemical lithiation/delithiation of k+-β-ferrite (k-1+xfe11o17)
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The chemical lithiation/delithiation of K+-β-ferrite has been performed using butyllithium, lithium naphthalide (for lithiation), and iodine (for delithiation). In lithiation using butyllithium, the lithium content (y) in K1+xLiyFe11OI7 was dependent on the average grain size of K+-β-ferrite single crystals; small grains (5 μm) largely reacted with lithium to form K0.99Li1.65Fe11O17. Lithiation was performed by the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+. Since the same X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were obtained before and after lithiation, the reaction seemed to be restricted to only near the grain surfaces. In lithiation using lithium naphthalide, the lithium content (y), which attained to be 36, was independent of the average grain size of K+-β-ferrite single crystals. This lithium content was remarkably large, compared to y = ca. 1.6 in lithiation using butyllithium. A large amount of Fe° (metal) was detected in the samples. According to scanning electron microscope (SEM) and XRD studies, not only pulverization of grains, but also destruction of the β-structure, occurred upon lithiation. On the other hand, delithiation of deeply lithiated samples was achieved by using iodine as an oxidant.
- Ito,Omomo,Fujii
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- An iodide-based Li7P2S8I superionic conductor
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In an example of stability from instability, a Li7P2S8I solid-state Li-ion conductor derived from β-Li3PS4 and LiI demonstrates electrochemical stability up to 10 V vs Li/Li+. The oxidation instability of I is subverted via its incorporation into the coordinated structure. The inclusion of I also creates stability with the metallic Li anode while simultaneously enhancing the interfacial kinetics and ionic conductivity. Low-temperature membrane processability enables facile fabrication of dense membranes, making this conductor suitable for industrial adoption.
- Rangasamy, Ezhiylmurugan,Liu, Zengcai,Gobet, Mallory,Pilar, Kartik,Sahu, Gayatri,Zhou, Wei,Wu, Hui,Greenbaum, Steve,Liang, Chengdu
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- Novel method for preparing trimethyliodosilane
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The invention relates to a preparation process of trimethyliodosilane, which has the advantages of moderate reaction conditions, simple process, safety in operation, high yield and extremely few three wastes. The preparation process takes anhydrous sodium iodide, anhydrous lithium chloride and trimethylchlorosilane as raw materials and the raw materials react in a dried nitrogen atmosphere to synthesize the trimethyliodosilane. According to the method provided by the invention, a traditional complicated process of preparing trimethyliodosilane from hexamethyldisilane and hexamethyldisiloxane is changed; reaction conditions are moderate and operation is safe; dangers of utilizing high-danger chemicals including metal potassium and sodium are avoided; meanwhile, a high-temperature iodization difficulty is also avoided; in a whole production circulating process, only the trimethyliodosilane product and a byproduct sodium chloride are produced and other three wastes are not generated, so that the process is green and environmental-friendly.
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Paragraph 0043-0046
(2017/08/30)
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- MeLi reactions with the electrophile system of (η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2I/P(OMe) 3: The roles of MeLi as reductant, nucleophile, and base
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The three roles of MeLi-nucleophile, base and reductant-could be revealed by the electrophile system of (η5-C5H5)Fe(CO)2I (1) and P(OMe)3. The addition of MeLi dropwise without delay to the 1:1 mixture results in (η4-exo-MeC5H5)Fe(CO)2P(OMe)3 (3), where MeLi is a reductant at the first stage and then a nucleophile at the second stage. On the other hand, the addition of a catalytic amount of MeLi to the mixture of 1 and excess P(OMe)3, followed by the MeLi/MeI sequence after a delay time, results in the formation of [η5-C5H4- {P(O)(OMe)2}]-Fe(CO){P(OMe)3}Me (7), where MeLi is a reductant at the initial stage and a base at the latter stage.
- Liu, Ling-Kang
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p. 1154 - 1158
(2008/10/08)
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- Process for the preparation of alkyl carbamates
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The invention relates to an efficient process for the preparation of methyl methyl carbamate by reacting methyl amine or N,N'-dimethyl urea with carbon monoxide, an oxidizing agent and a monoalcohol in the presence of a catalyst system including (i) a precursor selected from the group consisting of platinum group metals and soluble compounds of platinum group metals, and (ii) a promoter comprising at least one halogen containing compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, quaternary ammonium halides, oxo acids of halogen atoms and their salts, and complex compounds containing halogen ions, organic halides and halogen molecules.
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- Pulsed neutron diffraction study on the structures of glassy 7LiX-KX-CsX-BaX2 (X = Cl, Br, and I)
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The structures of glassy 7LiX-KX-CsX-BaX2 (X = Cl, Br, and I) have been investigated by means of pulsed neutron diffraction experiment.The obtained total radial distribution functions were discussed with the help of the molecular dynamics simul
- Kinugawa, Kenichi,Ohtori, Norikazu,Kadono, Kohei,Tanaka, Hiroshi,Okazaki, Susumu,et al.
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p. 5345 - 5351
(2007/10/02)
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- 8 beta-substituted ergolines, process for their production and their use
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Compounds of formula I STR1 in which R2 means optionally substituted C1-7 alkyl, C2-7 alkenyl, CH2 --O--C1-4 alkyl or CH2 --S--C1-4 alkyl R6 means C2-6 alkyl, C3-6 alkenyl or C3-5 -cycloalkyl-C1-2 alkyl and R8 means CH2 --X, STR2 in which X stands for CN, OCH3, SCH3 or CONH2 and R1 stands for hydrogen, halogen, methyl or methoxy, and R3 and R4 each mean C1-4 alkyl or (CH2)n --N(CH3)2, in which n=1-4, and their acid addition salts, the process for their production, their use as pharmaceutical agents as well as intermediate compounds are described.
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- Dibisyl(fluorenylidene)stannene: evidence of its formation
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The dibisyl(fluorenylidene)stannene 4, obtained by dehydro-chlorination or -fluorination of the corresponding chloro- or fluoro-stannanes 5 and 6 by tert-butyllithium is an extremely air-sensitive compound.It has not been isolated, but identified by trapp
- Anselme, G.,Couret, C.,Escudie, J.,Richelme, S.,Satge, J.
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p. 321 - 328
(2007/10/02)
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- Reactions of boron hydrides with the iminium salt [Me2NCH2]I. Synthesis and characterization of 1-X-μ-(Me2NCH2)B5H7 (X = H, C2H5, Br), a new class of bridge-substituted pentaborane derivatives
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Reactions of [Me2NCH2]I (1) with salts of the B5H8-, 1-(C2H5)B5H7-, and 1-BrB5H7- anions produce the μ-((dimethylamino)methyl)pentaborane derivatives μ-(Me2NCH2)B5H8, 1-(C2H5)-μ-(Me2NCH2)B 5H7, and 1-Br-μ-(Me2NCH2)B5H7, respectively, in good yields. A structure for these compounds is proposed in which a bridging hydrogen atom of B5H9 has been replaced by a C-N two-atom bridge, the Me2NCH2 group. These clusters are analogues of the arachno-B5H10- anion, and there is no evidence of direct bonding between the Me2NCH2-bridged boron atoms. Reaction of 1 with NaBH4 forms Me3N·BH3, while reaction with [Me4N][B3H8] produces a variety of products including Me3N·BH3, Me3N·B3H7, B2H6, and B5H9. Attack of 1 on B5H9 occurs slowly at 65°C, forming Me3N·BH3 and Me3N·B3H7.
- Gaines, Donald F.,Coons, Darrell E.
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p. 364 - 367
(2008/10/08)
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- Phthaloylcobalt complexes in synthesis. Ligand modifications leading to a practical naphthoquinone synthesis
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Modification of the ligands of trigonal-bipyramidal (phthaloyl)Co(PPh3)2Cl has led to an understanding of how this complex reacts with alkynes to give naphthoquinones when activated with AgBF4. Through X-ray crystal structure determinations and temperature-dependent 1H NMR spectra, it has been determined that reaction with alkynes requires conversion of (phthaloyl)Co(PPh3)2Cl into a six-coordinate complex with a dissociable ligand above or below the plane defined by the phthaloylcobalt ring. Treatment of (phthaloyl)Co(PPh3)2Cl with dimethylglyoxime in pyridine effects such a transformation in high yield, and the resulting air-stable complex (phthaloyl)Co(dimethylglyoxime)(pyridine)Cl reacts with alkynes at 80°C to produce excellent yields of naphthoquinones. A simple synthesis of menaquinones has been realized by using this method. In addition, SnCl4 has been shown to catalyze the quinone forming reaction at room temperature.
- Liebeskind, Lanny S.,Baysdon, Sherrol L.,Goedken, Virgil,Chidambaram, Ramakrishnan
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p. 1086 - 1092
(2008/10/08)
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- Cyclization substrates and related 11α-equatorially-substituted steroids
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Cyclisation substrates are disclosed of the formula: STR1 wherein: (a) R1 is H or alkyl of one to four carbon atoms; (b) R2 is H or alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, with the proviso that R1 is H when R2 is alkyl, and with the proviso that R2 is H when R1 is alkyl; (c) R3 is a suitable leaving group selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbons, alkoxyalkoxy of two to four carbons, acyloxy of one to about seven carbon atoms, and trialkylsilyloxy of less than fifteen carbons; (d) R4 is methyl; and (e) R5(1) and R5(2) are each H, alkyl of one to eight carbons, or an optionally esterified or etherified hydroxy group selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, alkoxy of one to four carbons, alkoxyalkoxy of two to four carbons, trialkylsilyloxy of one to fifteen carbons, cycloalkoxy of four to eight carbons, carboxyacyloxy of one to seven carbons or heterocyclic ether of five to seven atoms and four to six carbons, with the proviso that at least one of R5(1) and R5(2) is hydrogen. A method is disclosed for the cyclisation of the compounds of formula I leading to compounds of the following formulae: STR2 having R4 and R5 (one of R5(1) and R5(2) that may or may not be hydrogen) as defined above, with R6 being alkyl of from one to about four carbon atoms.
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