- Low-Temperature Reductive Aminolysis of Carbohydrates to Diamines and Aminoalcohols by Heterogeneous Catalysis
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Short amines, such as ethanolamines and ethylenediamines, are important compounds in today's bulk and fine chemicals industry. Unfortunately, current industrial manufacture of these chemicals relies on fossil resources and requires rigorous safety measures when handling explosive or toxic intermediates. Inspired by the elegant working mechanism of aldolase enzymes, a novel heterogeneously catalyzed process—reductive aminolysis—was developed for the efficient production of short amines from carbohydrates at low temperature. High-value bio-based amines containing a bio-derived C2 carbon backbone were synthesized in one step with yields up to 87 C%, in the absence of a solvent and at a temperature below 405 K. A wide variety of available primary and secondary alkyl- and alkanolamines can be reacted with the carbohydrate to form the corresponding C2-diamine. The presented reductive aminolysis is therefore a promising strategy for sustainable synthesis of short, acyclic, bio-based amines.
- Pelckmans, Michiel,Vermandel, Walter,Van Waes, Frederik,Moonen, Kristof,Sels, Bert F.
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p. 14540 - 14544
(2017/10/23)
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- A method for preparing alkyl amine
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The invention discloses a preparation method for alkyl alcohol amine. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) feeding alkyl amine and a reaction promoter alkanolamine into a reaction kettle for stirring and mixing; (2) adding epoxy alkane for synthesis, wherein the feeding molar ratio of epoxy alkane for synthesis to alkyl amine is higher than the theoretical reaction molar ratio; (3) after the feeding is finished, carrying out heating and pressurization; (4) carrying out heat preservation conversion rate to obtain a crude product; (5) conducting continuous distillation on the crude product to separate out alkyl alcohol amine. During the preparation, alkanolamine is primary alkanolamine or secondary alkanolamine. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention adopts the technical scheme that alkanolamine is taken as the reaction promoter instead of water as a catalyst, so that the conversion rate of alkyl amine can reach 99.0% in general, the highest conversion rate can reach 99.9%, and the highest recovery rate of alkyl alcohol amine can reach 99.8%. Therefore, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of being high in raw material conversion rate and recovery rate.
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Paragraph 0066-0069
(2017/07/12)
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- Aminimide derived from benzoylformic acid ester as photolatent base/radical initiator
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An aminimide possessing a benzoyl substituent, 1,1-dimethyl-1-(2- hydroxypropyl)amine benzoylformimide (BFI), proved to serve as an excellent photobase catalyst. BFI decomposes smoothly by the UV irradiation to give products containing tertiary amines. The effective nature of BFI as a photo/thermal dual-base catalyst was convinced by the thermal and photoinduced polymerization of epoxide/thiol system. Based on the facts that the mixture of BFI and epoxide/thiol exhibit a long pot life in dark and that it undergoes smooth polymerization by UV irradiation and heating, it was supported that BFI serves as an efficient photo/thermal latent dual-base catalysts. It was also found that BFI initiates the free radical polymerization of vinyl monomers such as 2-hydroxylethyl methacrylate (HEMA) under the UV irradiation while the mixture of BFI and HEMA also exhibit a long pot life in dark, indicating the excellent ability of BFI as a photoradical initiator.
- Kirino, Manabu,Tomita, Ikuyoshi
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experimental part
p. 1556 - 1563
(2012/06/04)
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- Aminimides derived from benzoylformic acid esters as thermally latent base catalysts
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As a novel thermal latent anionic initiator for lower temperature applications, a new class of aminimide, 1,1-dimethyl-1-(2-hydroxypropyl)amine benzoylformimide (BFI), was synthesized from benzoylformic acid methyl ester in 95% yield, and its thermal rearrangement behavior was studied in detail. Thermal rearrangement of BFI proved to take place on heating above 80 °C via the Curtius rearrangement mechanism, generating the corresponding isocyanate, hydroxyamine, and their further reaction products. BFI proved to catalyze the polymerization of epoxides and epoxide/thiol system on heating above 80 °C. They exhibit both the long pot life and the low-temperature rapid polymerization in the presence of BFI which supported the promising applications of BFI as an efficient thermal latent base catalyst for anionically polymerizable/curable systems.
- Kirino, Manabu,Tomita, Ikuyoshi
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scheme or table
p. 8821 - 8827
(2011/11/29)
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- Processes for the preparation of aminoethers
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A process for preparing aminoethers, particularly bis[2-(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl]ethers, which comprises contacting a carboxylated aminoether with a metal oxide catalyst under conditions effective to produce the aminoether. Many of these aminoethers are useful as catalysts in the production of polyurethanes, especially cellular polyurethanes.
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- 9-substituted hypoxanthine bi-functional compounds and their neuroimmunological methods of use
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Novel bi-functional pharmaceutical compounds, particularly novel 9-substituted hypoxanthines of the general formula: STR1 where R is a neurologically active moiety, are described as pharmaceutical agents for treating neuroimmunologic disorders in mammals. Novel methods for the utilization of these compounds are also disclosed. These compounds exhibit uniquely dose-dependent, synergistic biological properties and are particularly useful for treating interrelated physiological systems.
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- Process for preparing optically active alcohol
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A process for preparing an optically active alcohol is disclosed, which comprises asymmetrically hydrogenating a carbonyl compound in the presence of a ruthenium-optically active phosphine complex as a catalyst. The resulting alcohol has high optical purity.
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