- ALANINE-BASED MODULATORS OF PROTEOLYSIS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS OF USE
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The description relates to inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (TAPs) binding compounds, including Afunctional compounds comprising the same, which find utility as modulators of targeted ubiquitination, especially inhibitors of a variety of polypeptides and other proteins which are degraded and/or otherwise inhibited by bifunctional compounds according to the present invention. In particular, the description provides compounds, which contain on one end a ligand which binds to the IAP E3 ubiquitin ligase and on the other end a moiety which binds a target protein such that the target protein is placed in proximity to the ubiquitin ligase to effect degradation (and inhibition) of that protein. Compounds can be synthesized that exhibit a broad range of pharmacological activities consistent with the degradation/inhibition of targeted polypeptides of nearly any type.
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Paragraph 00409
(2017/02/09)
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- 2 - (3-cyano-4-alkoxy) phenyl-4-substituted thiazole-5- formic acid class compound, composition and its preparation and use
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The invention relates to a 2-(3-cyano-4-alkoxy) phenyl-4-substituted thiazole-5-formic acid compound which has xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity and is shown in a general formula I, a composition and preparation methods thereof. The invention also relates to applications of the compound and the composition thereof to preparation of medicaments for treating and/or preventing hyperuricemia and gout diseases. In the formula I, R2 is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic radical, R1 is a substitutive aliphatic group of a straight chain or a branched chain, substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbonyl or substituted or unsubstituted aryl alkyl and A is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom.
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Paragraph 0104; 0105; 0106
(2016/10/07)
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- One-pot transformation of methylarenes into aromatic nitriles with inorganic metal-free reagents
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Various methylarenes were transformed into the corresponding aromatic nitriles in good to moderate yields by the treatment with aq. HBr and aq. H 2O2, followed by reaction with molecular iodine and aq. ammonia in a one-pot procedure. The present reaction is a useful, practical, transition-metal-free, and organic-reagent-free method for the preparation of aromatic nitriles from methylarenes. Various methylarenes were treated with aq. HBr and aq. H2O2 under warming conditions and/or irradiation conditions, followed by the reaction with molecular iodine and aq. ammonia, to provide the corresponding aromatic nitriles, in a one-pot procedure. The present reaction was carried out under metal-free and organic-reagent-free conditions. Copyright
- Kawagoe, Yuhsuke,Moriyama, Katsuhiko,Togo, Hideo
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p. 4115 - 4122
(2014/07/08)
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- NBS mediated nitriles synthesis through CC double bond cleavage
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An NBS mediated nitriles synthesis through CC double bond cleavage has been developed. TMSN3 was employed as the nitrogen source for this Cu(OAc)2 promoted nitrogenation reaction. This transformation has a relatively high regio-selectivity to form aromatic nitriles.
- Zong, Xiaolin,Zheng, Qing-Zhong,Jiao, Ning
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supporting information
p. 1198 - 1202
(2014/03/21)
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- Ruthenium-catalyzed intramolecular selective halogenation of O-methylbenzohydroximoyl halides: A new route to halogenated aromatic nitriles
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The intramolecular halogenation of O-methylbenzohydroximoyl halides in the presence of a Ru catalyst and the ligand diphenylacetylene afforded halo substituted aromatic nitriles in a highly regioselective manner. Further, substituted nitriles were converted into substituted tetrazole derivatives in the presence of NaN3 and I2.
- Chinnagolla, Ravi Kiran,Pimparkar, Sandeep,Jeganmohan, Masilamani
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supporting information
p. 3146 - 3148
(2013/06/04)
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- Synthesis of C-linked immobilized analogs of aloisine A by 'click' chemistry
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An efficient approach for the immobilization of a series of analogs of aloisine A, an in vitro inhibitor of protein kinases, to polymeric supports via a [3+2] cycloaddition reaction is reported.
- Haddoub, Rose,Gueyrard, David,Goekjian, Peter G.
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body text
p. 741 - 744
(2009/04/19)
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- Propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P): A remarkably efficient reagent for the one-pot transformation of aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic aldehydes to nitriles
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Propylphosphonic anhydride has been demonstrated to be an efficient reagent for the transformation of aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic aldehydes to respective nitriles in excellent yields. This procedure offers simple and one-pot access to nitriles and highlights the synthetic utility of T3P as a versatile reagent in organic chemistry. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart - New York.
- Augustine, John Kallikat,Atta, Rajendra Nath,Ramappa, Balakrishna Kolathur,Boodappa, Chandrakantha
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experimental part
p. 3378 - 3382
(2010/03/03)
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- The element effect and nucleophilicity in nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitution (SNAR*). Local atom effects as mechanistic probes of very fast reactions
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(Chemical Equation Presented) Photoreactions of 4-nitroanisole and the 2-halo-4-nitroanisoles (halogen = F, Cl, Br, and I) with the nucleophiles hydroxide ion and pyridine have been investigated quantitatively to extend the findings recently communicated for cyanide ion. The halonitroanisoles on excitation form triplet π,π* states, which undergo substitution of the halogen by nucleophiles. Chemical yields of photoproducts, Stern-Volmer kinetic plots, triplet lifetimes, and triplet yields are reported for the five compounds with the three nucleophiles. Following a standard kinetic treatment, 73 rate constants are determined for elementary reactions of the triplets including quenching and various nucleophilic addition processes. The photoadditions are roughly 14 orders of magnitude faster than thermal counterparts. Rate constants for attack at the fluorine-bearing carbon of triplet 2-fluoro-4-nitroanisole are 2.9 × 109, 1.3 × 109, and 6.3 × 108 M-1 s-1 for cyanide ion, hydroxide ion, and pyridine, respectively. The relative rates for attack at the halogen-bearing carbons for F/Cl/Br/I are 27:1.9:1.9:1 (cyanide ion), 29:2.6:2.4:1 (hydroxide ion), and 39:3.9: 3.5:1 (pyridine), respectively. The relative nucleophilicities vary somewhat with the attack site; they are about 5:2:1 for cyanide ion, hydroxide ion, and pyridine for attack at the halogen-bearing carbons. The trend of the element effect opposes that of aliphatic substitution and elimination but is similar in size and parallel to that of thermal nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Relative nucleophilicities in the photoreactions are also similar to those of comparable but vastly slower thermal reactions. The findings imply that the efficiency-determining step of the halogen photosubstitution is simple formation of a σ-complex through electron-paired bonding within the triplet manifold.
- Wubbels, Gene G.,Brown, Toby R.,Babcock, Travis A.,Johnson, Kandra M.
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p. 1925 - 1934
(2008/09/19)
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- The element effect in nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitution (S N2Ar*)
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Photoreactions of 4-nitroanisole and the 2-halo-4-nitroanisoles (halogen == F, Cl, Br, I) with NaCN have been investigated. 4-Nitroanisole gave a novel, stable nitronate ion adduct (74%) with cyanide. For the five compounds, we report product distributions, Stern-Volmer kinetic plots, triplet lifetimes, and triplet yields, which afford rate constants for attack by the cyanide ion. Cyanide attack on the fluoride is diffusion controlled; the relative rates for attack at F, Cl, Br, and I are 27:2:2:1, respectively.
- Wubbels, Gene G.,Johnson, Kandra M.,Babcock, Travis A.
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p. 2803 - 2806
(2008/02/05)
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- Macrocyclic hepatitis C serine protease inhibitors
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The present invention relates to compounds of Formula I, II or Ill, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or prodrug, thereof: wherein W is a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring system. The compounds inhibit serine protease activity, particularly the activity of hepatitis c virus (HCV) NS3-NS4A protease. Consequently, the compounds of the present invention interfere with the life cycle of the hepatitis c virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HCV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HCV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention.
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Page/Page column 122
(2008/06/13)
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- CATALYTIC AND STOICHIOMETRIC BROMINATION OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS IN AQUEOUS TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID IN THE PRESENCE OF NITROGEN-CONTAINING OXIDIZING AGENTS
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The mono- and polybromination of benzene, halogenobenzenes, toluene, p-xylene, anisole, biphenyl, benzotrifluoride, benzoic acid, p-nitro- and p-carboxytoluene, p-methoxybenzonitrile, tetralin, and naphtalene were studied in trifluoroacetic acid and its aqueous solutions in systems containing stoichiometric amounts of bromine or alkali-metal bromide and stoichiometric or catalytic (in the presence of oxygen or air) amounts of nitrogen-containing oxidizing agent (nitrogen(IV) oxide, alkali-metal nitrate or nitrite).It is suggested that the brominating agent under the investigated conditions is nitryl bromide NO2Br.Under the conditions of catalytic bromination anthracene is oxidized to anthraquinone with a preparative yield.
- Cheprakov, A. V.,Makhon'kov, D. I.,Rodkin, M. A.,Beletskaya, I. P.
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p. 217 - 223
(2007/10/02)
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