- -Annulation of gem-Difluoroalkenes and Pyridinium Ylides: Access to Functionalized 2-Fluoroindolizines
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A [3 + 2]-annulation of gem-difluoroalkenes and pyridinium ylides was developed employing ambient air as the sole oxidant in an open-vessel manner, affording a series of multifunctionalized 2-fluoroindolizines in moderate to good yields. In this reaction, gem-difluoroalkene acts as a C2 synthon and entirely avoids the competitive addition-elimination process, which provides facile access to 2-fluoroindolizines.
- Zhang, Jun-Qi,Hu, Dandan,Song, Jinyu,Ren, Hongjun
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p. 4646 - 4660
(2021/04/06)
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- ISOQUINOLINESULFONYL DERIVATIVE AS RHO KINASE INHIBITOR
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The present invention discloses a class of isoquinolinesulfonyl derivatives as RHO kinase inhibitors, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and relates to pharmaceutically acceptable uses thereof. Specifically, the present invention relates to a compound as represented by formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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Paragraph 0396; 0397
(2017/06/12)
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- Practical and Asymmetric Reductive Coupling of Isoquinolines Templated by Chiral Diborons
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We herein describe a chiral diboron-templated highly diastereoselective and enantioselective reductive coupling of isoquinolines that provided expedited access to a series of chiral substituted bisisoquinolines in good yields and excellent ee's under mild conditions. The method enjoys a broad substrate scope and good functional group compatibility. Mechanistic investigation suggests the reaction proceeds through a concerted [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement.
- Chen, Dongping,Xu, Guangqing,Zhou, Qinghai,Chung, Lung Wa,Tang, Wenjun
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supporting information
p. 9767 - 9770
(2017/08/02)
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- Hepatitis C virus inhibitors
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Hepatitis C virus inhibitors having the general formula (I) are disclosed. Compositions comprising the compounds and methods for using the compounds to inhibit HCV are also disclosed.
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Page/Page column 563; 564
(2017/01/23)
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- Hepatitis C Virus Inhibitors
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Hepatitis C virus inhibitors having the general formula (I) are disclosed. Compositions comprising the compounds and methods for using the compounds to inhibit HCV are also disclosed.
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Page/Page column
(2013/05/21)
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- METHOD FOR RAPIDLY METHYLATING HETEROAROMATIC ARENE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING TRACER FOR USE IN PET
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Provided is a method whereby a heteroaromatic ring aryl can be very rapidly methylated at a high yield. In an N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidinone, a heteroaromatic ring aryltrialkylstannan is cross-coupled with methyl iodide in the presence of a palladium complex, a phosphine ligand, a cuprous halide, a carbonic acid salt and/or an alkali metal fluoride to thereby rapidly methylate the heteroaromatic ring aryl. (Formula shows a case wherein the heteroaromatic ring aryl is a pyridyl group.)
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Page/Page column 5-6
(2011/11/06)
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- METHOD OF RAPID METHYLATION, KIT FOR PREPARING PET TRACER AND METHOD OF PRODUCING PET TRACER
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It is intended to provide a method of rapid methylation of an aromatic compound or an alkenyl compound, which is capable of obtaining an aromatic compound or an alkenyl compound labeled with a methyl group or a fluoromethyl group under a mild condition rapidly in high yield using an organic boron compound whose toxicity is not so high as a substrate; a kit for preparing a PET tracer to be used in the same, and a method of producing a PET tracer using the same. In an aprotic polar solvent, methyl iodide or X-CH2F (wherein X is a functional group which can be easily released as an anion), an organic boron compound in which an aromatic ring or an alkenyl group is attached to boron are subjected to cross-coupling in the presence of a palladium(0) complex, a phosphine ligand, and a base.
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Page/Page column 9
(2009/07/10)
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- Pd0-mediated rapid coupling between methyl iodide and heteroarylstannanes: an efficient and general method for the incorporation of a positron-emitting11C radionuclide into heteroaromatic frameworks
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The Pd0-mediated rapid trapping of methyl iodide with an excess amount of a heteroaryl-substituted tributylstannane has been investigated with the aim of incorporating a shortlived 11C-labelled methyl group into the heteroaromatic carbon frameworks of important organic compounds, such as drugs with various heteroaromatic structures, in order to execute a positron emission tomography (PET) study of vital systems. The reaction was first performed by using our previously developed CH3I/stannane/[Pd 2(dba)3]/ P(o-CH3C6H 4)3/CuCl/K2CO3 (1:40:0.5:2:2:2) system in DMF at 60°C for 5 min (conditions A), however, the reaction gave low yields for various heteroaromatic compounds. Increasing the amount of phosphine ligand (condi tions B) led to a significant improvement in the yield, but the conditions were still not suitable for a range of basic heteroaromatic structures. Use of the CuBr/CsF system (conditions C) also provided a result similar to that obtained under conditions B with an increased amount of the phosphine. Thus, pyridine and related heteroaromatic compounds remained less reactive substrates. The problem was overcome by replacing the DMF solvent with N-methyl-2-pyrolidinone (NMP). The reaction in NMP at 60-100°C for 5 min using a CH3I/stannane/[Pd2-(dba)3]/P(o-CH 3C6H4)3/CuBr/CsF (1:40:0.5:16:2:5) combination (conditions D) gave the methylated products in yields of more than 80% (based on the reaction of CH3I) for all of the heteroaromatic compounds listed in this study. Thus, the combined use of NMP and an increased amount of phosphine is important for promoting the reaction efficiently. The use of this general approach to rapid methylation has been well demonstrated by the synthesis of the PET tracers 2- and 3-[11C]methylpyridines by using [Pd2(dba)3]/P(o-CH3C6H 4)3/CuBr/CsF (1:16:2:5) in NMP at 60°C for 5 min, which gives the desired products in HPLC analytical yields of 88 and 91%, respectively.
- Suzuki, Masaaki,Sumi, Kengo,Koyama, Hiroko,Siqin,Hosoya, Takamitsu,Takashima-Hirano, Misato,Doi, Hisashi
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experimental part
p. 12489 - 12495
(2010/06/11)
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- Palladium(0)-mediated rapid methylation and fluoromethylation on carbon frameworks by reacting methyl and fluoromethyl iodide with aryl and alkenyl boronic acid esters: Useful for the synthesis of [11C]CH 3-C-and [18F]FCH2-C-containing PET tracers (PET = positron emission tomography)
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The rapid methylation and fluoromethylation on aryl and alkenyl carbon frameworks by reacting methyl and fluoromethyl iodide with aryl and alkenyl boronates have been studied with the focus on the realization of the synthesis of [11C]CH3- and [18F]FCH2-labeled positron emission tomography (PET) tracers. The coupling of methyl iodide and pinacol phenylboronate (40 equiv) is accomplished in > 91% yield within 5 min at 60 °C under the conditions of [Pd2(dba)3]/P(o- CH3C6H4)3/K2CO 3 (0.5:2:2; dba = di-benzylideneacetone) in DMF. The reaction shows a high generality and is applicable to various types of aryl and alkenyl boronates, giving the corresponding methylated derivatives in high yields (80-99). This reaction is also useful for the rapid incorporation of the fluoromethyl group. Thus, this boron protocol provides a firm chemical basis for the synthesis of 11C- and 18F-incorporated PET tracers and can be used as a complementary method for [11C]methylation together with our previous and ongoing processes using organotributylstannanes.
- Doi, Hisashi,Ban, Ikuya,Nonoyama, Akihito,Sumi, Kengo,Kuang, Chunxiang,Hosoya, Takamitsu,Tsukada, Hideo,Suzuki, Masaaki
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experimental part
p. 4165 - 4171
(2009/12/01)
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- 5-Substituted isoquinoline derivatives
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A compound represented by the following formula (1) or a salt thereof: wherein R1 represents hydrogen atom, a halogen atom and the like; R2 represents hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group and the like; and R3 represents —O—X—C(A1)(A11)—C(A2)(A2l)—N(A3l)(A3)(X represents propylene group etc., A11 and A21 represent hydrogen atom, or a C1-6 alkyl group, A31 represents a C1-6 alkyl group substituted with hydroxyl group, or hydrogen atom, and A1, A2, and A3 represent hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group and the like) and the like, which has an inhibitory activity on the phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain, and is useful for treatment of diseases relating to contraction of various cells and the like.
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- Reduction of isoquinoline and pyridine-containing heterocycles with lithium triethylborohydride (Super-Hydride)
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Isoquinolines, quinoline and pyridines are effectively reduced to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines and piperidines respectively with lithium triethylborohydride (Super-Hydride). The mechanism of the reduction was explored by reduction of isoquinoline and pyridine with lithium triethylborodeuteride (Super-Deuteride).
- Blough,Carroll
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p. 7239 - 7242
(2007/10/02)
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- SYNTHESIS OF NITROGEN HETEROCYCLES VIA PALLADIUM-CATALYZED INTRAMOLECULAR CYCLIZATION
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Catalytic amounts of Pd(OAc)2 in the presence of n-Bu4NCl, DMF and an appropriate base (Na2CO3, NaOAc or Et3N) cyclize nitrogen-containing o-iodoaryl alkenes to indoles, indolines, oxindoles, quinolines, isoquinolines and isoquinolones in short reaction times, under mild temperatures, and in high yields.
- Larock, Richard C.,Babu, Srinivasan
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p. 5291 - 5294
(2007/10/02)
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- STUDIES ON SRN1 REACTIONS - 9 A NEW ACCESS TO THE ISOQUINOLINE RING SYSTEM
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The SRN1 reaction between o-halogeno-benzylamines and enolates derived from a series of ketones and aldehydes affords 1, 2 dihydro-isoquinolines from which are obtained (i) the isoquinoline derivatives, either spontaneously or by treatment on Pd-C and (ii) the 1, 2, 3, 4 tetrahydro-isoquinoline derivatives after sodium borohydride reduction.
- Beugelmans, Rene,Chastanet, Jacqueline,Roussi, Georges
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p. 311 - 314
(2007/10/02)
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- ETUDE COMPARATIVE DE LA PHOTOREACTIVITE D'ENAMIDES ET DE THIOENAMIDS AROMATIQUES TERTIAIRES
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Photolytic reactions of some simple aromatic enamides and thioenamides illustrate a novel example of the dramatic difference in the photochemical behaviour of carbonyl and thiocarbonyl compounds.In contrast with their oxo-analogues which are photoconverted into enaminoketones, thioenamides undergo photochemical cyclization to yield isoquinolinethione derivatives which can be easily convered into isoquinolones and tetrahydroisoquinolines.
- Couture, A.,Dubiez, R.,Lablanche-Combier, A.
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p. 1835 - 1844
(2007/10/02)
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- NICKEL-PHOSPHINE COMPLEX-CATALYZED GRIGNARD COUPLING-II; GRIGNARD COUPLING OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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A general, versatile method for alkylation and arylation of haloheterocyclic compounds is reported.In the presence of a catalytic quantity of , where dppp stands for Ph2P(CH2)3PPh2, bromothiophenes, halopyridines, haloquinoline, and haloisoquinolines reacted with alkyl and aryl Grignard reagents at room temperature or at ether refluxing temperature to give the cross-coupling products.The coupling reactions has been applied to the synthesis of isoquinoline alkaloids.Reactivities of 2-thienyl and 2-pyridyl Grignard reagents have also been examined.
- Tamao, K.,Kodama, S.,Nakajima, I.,Kumada, M.,Minato, A.,Suzuki, K.
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p. 3347 - 3354
(2007/10/02)
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- Synthesis of Isoquinolines from Indenes
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A general procedure for the synthesis of isoquinolines from appropriately substituted indenes is described.Ozonolysis of the indenes followed by reductive workup gives intermediate homophthalaldehydes which are treated with ammonium hydroxide to give the isoquinolines.This "one-pot", three-step reaction sequence was applied to the formation of all of the mono-C-methyl-substituted isoquinolines in a regiospecific manner.The procedure is applicable to both electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents on the indene system.In this manner the 6- and 7-nitro-,-bromo-, and -iodoisoquinolines were prepared.
- Miller, R. Bryan,Frincke, James M.
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p. 5312 - 5315
(2007/10/02)
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