- Development of a scalable process for DG-041, a potent EP3 receptor antagonist, via tandem heck reactions
-
DG-041 is a small molecule antagonist of the EP3 receptor for prostaglandin E2 that is in clinical development for treatment of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Originally produced using a six-step synthetic procedure, process optimization led to development of a four-step sequence that is readily scalable. The key step in the optimized sequence contains two sequential Heck reactions, involving an intramolecular Heck cyclization followed by an intermolecular Heck coupling, performed in one pot to produce a highly substituted indole core.
- Zegar, Siead,Tokar, Christopher,Enache, Livia A.,Rajagopol, Venkat,Zeller, Wayne,O'Connell, Matthew,Singh, Jasbir,Muellner, Frank W.,Zembower, David E.
-
-
Read Online
- Characterization of typical potent odorants in raw and cooked Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) M. Roem. by instrumental-sensory analysis techniques
-
Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) M. Roem. (TS) possesses a unique and pleasant flavor and is consumed as a popular seasonal vegetable in certain parts of eastern and southeastern Asia. The potent odorants in raw and cooked TS were identified by combined sensory and instrumental analysis techniques, including sensory descriptive aroma profiling and two complimentary volatile isolation methods combined with gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) techniques. Highly volatile odorants were determined by static headspace dilution analysis (SHDA)-GC-O, while those of intermediate- and semi-volatility were determined by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation-aroma extract dilution analysis (SAFE-AEDA). Among the numerous odorants identified by SHDA and SAFE-AEDA, (E,E)-bis-(1-propenyl) disulfide was found to be predominant in both raw and cooked TS. In agreement with results of sensory descriptive analysis, hexanal, (Z)-3-hexenal, (E)-2-hexenal and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol contributed green, grassy and leafy aroma notes; while hydrogen sulfide, methyl thiirane, (E,E)-bis-(1-propenyl) disulfide and (E,Z)-bis-(1-propenyl) disulfide contributed pungent, sulfurous and alliaceous notes in TS.
- Yang, Wenxi,Cadwallader, Keith R.,Liu, Yuping,Huang, Mingquan,Sun, Baoguo
-
p. 153 - 163
(2019/01/26)
-
- Active Magnesium from Catalytically Prepared Magnesium Hydride or from Magnesium Anthracene and its Uses in the Synthesis
-
Highly reactive, pyrophoric forms of magnesium with specific surface areas of 20-109 m2/g (Mg*) can be generated by the dehydrogenation of catalytically prepared magnesium hydride (MgH2*) or by decomposition of magnesium anthracene * 3 THF (4).The decomposition of 4, with recovery of anthracene and THF, may be accomplished both thermally and by ultrasound in an organic solvent (toluene, n-heptane) or thermally in the solid state in vacuo.Mg* obtained by the latter method exhibits only weak reflections in the X-ray powder diagram and has, in comparison to other mentioned Mg* species, the highest reactivity toward hydrogen.Diverse Grignard compounds can be prepared under mild conditions (* from MgH2* or 4.The cleavage of THF with formation of 1-oxa-2-magnesiacyclohexane (2) is possible by employing Mg* from NgH2* or 4.
- Bartmann, Ekkehard,Bogdanovic, Borislav,Janke, Nikolaus,Liao, Shijan,Schlichte, Klaus,et al.
-
p. 1517 - 1528
(2007/10/02)
-