- Synthesis of Long Chain 2-Alkyl-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolines under Microwave in Solvent-Free Conditions
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An efficient method for the synthesis of long chain 2-alkyl-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolines, and their amide precursors, by condensing aminoethylethanolamine and several fatty acids under non-solvent microwave irradiation using CaO as support, is described. Products were obtained in good yields and high purity in a few minutes, in both multimode microwave and monomode microwave oven. Evidences of non-thermal microwave effects are given.
- Martínez-Palou, Rafael,De Paz, Gerardo,Marín-Cruz, Jesús,Zepeda, Luis Gerardo
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- The inhibition performance of hydroxy lauric imidazoline for mild steel in chloride solution saturated with CO2
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In the paper, a novel hydroxy lauric imidazoline (HL-IM) was synthesized using lauric acid and ethylene diamine as raw materials. Methanol reaction method was introduced to prepare the hydroxy lauric imidazoline (HL-IM). According to the results of experiments, the optimum synthesis conditions of methanol reaction was determined through orthogonal experiment, which were: methyl laurate: ethylene diamine = 1: 1, sodium methoxide (0.75 wt %), reaction temperature 100°C, reaction time 2 h. The inhibition efficiency of HL-IM inhibitor was investigated in the condition of 5 wt % NaCl solutions saturated with CO2 at 333.15 K for 72 h. With 150 mg L–1 inhibitor dosage, the efficiency of inhibition reached 90.17% by weight loss method. Through film-forming property, foaming characteristic, and emulsification tendency test, it w a s shown that HL-IM had good water-solubility, a smaller emulsification tendency in 5 wt % NaCl solution, and a little foaming performance. Meanwhile, referring to the polarization curves tests, the synergistic effect of HL-IM with the potassium iodide, methylbutynol, and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide was studied.
- Ma, Lan,He, Yi,Luo, Pin Ya,Zhan, Yingqing,Yang, Ran Ran,Zhou, Yanqiu
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p. 304 - 314
(2016/06/13)
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- Imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt compound and preparation method therefor
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Provided are an imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt compound and a preparation method therefor. Lauric acid and hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine are employed as raw materials, a dehydration reaction is carried out, imidazoline intermediates are synthesized, and then after quaternization, an imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt compound is obtained, wherein a quaternized reagent is sulfamic acid. Sulfamic acid is employed as a quaternized reagent, thus the quaternization reaction is carried out easily, and the product water solubility is raised. The imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt employs sulfamic acid as a quaternized reagent, and sulfamic acid has low toxicity, and is cheap and easily available. An imidazoline sulfuric ester salt is obtained through the method, and the imidazoline sulfuric ester salt is an amphoteric substance. The product contains -SO3 hydrophilic groups, the water solubility is good, the inhibition efficiency is high, water solubility requirements of imidazoline products can be met, and popularization in the industrial process is worthy. The synthetic technology is simple, the production processes are environmentally friendly, and the purposes of lowering the corrosion inhibitor cost and raising the operation safety are achieved.
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Paragraph 0033; 0035; 0036
(2016/12/07)
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- Synthesis and properties of a series of CO2 switchable surfactants with imidazoline group
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Switchable surfactants are environment-friendly compounds, which can be separated from the system or lose surface activity after completing their function during one stage of a process. In order to study switchable properties of a kind of CO2 switchable surfactant with an imidazoline group, four 2-alkyl-1-hydroxyethylimidazolines were synthesized by condensation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethanediamine with dodecanoic, tetradecanoic, hexadecanoic, and octadecanoic acids. Then, the series of long-chain alkyl imidazoline compounds were reacted with dry ice to produce imidazolinium bicarbonates cationic surfactants. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension at CMC (γcmc) measured by the Wilhelmy plate technique show that these surfactants have excellent surface activity. The changes of conductivity before and after bubbling CO2 show the conversion between imidazolines and imidazolinium bicarbonates cationic surfactants. Conductivity cycles indicated that these surfactants could be switched by CO2 reversibly and repeating this three times. However, their switchable function on the emulsification-demulsification of water-alkane was dissatisfactory due to the emulsibility of amide which was hydrolyzed from 2-alkyl-1-hydroxyethylimidazoline. Therefore, the application of these switchable surfactants needed to be studied further.
- Qiao, Weihong,Zheng, Zhibo,Shi, Qingzhao
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p. 533 - 539
(2012/11/07)
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- Toluene sulfonate salts of 2-alkyl imidazolines
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Toluene sulfonate salts of 2-alkyl imidazolines, e.g., 2-undecyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl imidazoline, are described. These compounds may be used as internal or external antistatic agents for fibers, e.g., acrylic fibers, and synthetic polymers, e.g., polystyrene.
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- Compositions and method comprising heterocyclic compounds containing two heteroatoms as membrane penetration enhancers
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A method and compositions for enhancing absorption of topically administered physiologically active agents through the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals in a transdermal device or formulation for local or systemic use, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutically active agent and a non-toxic, effective amount of penetration enhancing agent of the formula I: STR1 wherein R is a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, cyclic or acyclic hydrocarbon group with from 1 to 19 carbon atoms, alkoxyalkyl, haloalkyl, specifically trifluoromethyl, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino and acylamino; R' and R" are hydrogen, alkyl, trifluoromethyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkyl- and acylaminoalkyl, carboxy, carbalkoxy, hydroxyalkyl or lower alkyl ester thereof; X is O or NR1 wherein R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, carbalkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkyl- and acylaminoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl or hydroxyalkyloxyalkyl and lower alkyl ester thereof; and n is 2 or 3 are disclosed.
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