- In search of flavivirus inhibitors: Evaluation of different tritylated nucleoside analogues
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Following up on a hit that was identified in a large scale cell-based antiviral screening effort, a series of triphenylmethyl alkylated nucleoside analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antiviral activities against the dengue virus (DENV) and the yellow fever virus (YFV). Hereto, trityl moieties were attached at various positions of the sugar ring combined with subtle variations of the heterocyclic base. Several triphenylmethyl modified nucleosides were uncovered being endowed with submicromolar in vitro antiviral activity against the YFV. The most selective inhibitor in this series was 3′,5′-bis-O-tritylated-5-chlorouridine (1b) affording a selectivity index of over 90, whereas the 3′,5′-bis-O-tritylated inosine congener (5b) displayed the highest activity, but proved more toxic. The finding of these lipophilic structures being endowed with high antiviral activity for flaviviruses, should stimulate the interest for further structureeactivity research.
- Chatelain, Grégory,Debing, Yannick,De Burghgraeve, Tine,Zmurko, Joanna,Saudi, Milind,Rozenski, Jef,Neyts, Johan,Van Aerschot, Arthur
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supporting information
p. 249 - 255
(2013/10/01)
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- Modified 5'-Trityl Nucleosides as Inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum dUTPase
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2'-Deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase) is a potential drug target for the treatment of malaria. We previously reported the discovery of 5'-tritylated analogues of deoxyuridine as selective inhibitors of this Plasmodium falciparum enzyme. Herein we report further structure-activity studies; in particular, variations of the 5'-trityl group, the introduction of various substituents at the 3'-position of deoxyuridine, and modifications of the base. Compounds were tested against both the enzyme and the parasite. Variations of the 5'-trityl group and of the 3'-substituent were well tolerated and yielded active compounds. However, there is a clear requirement for the uracil base for activity, because modifications of the uracil ring result in loss of enzyme inhibition and significant decreases in antiplasmodial action. Fewer trips to the dUMP: dUTPase is a potential drug target for the treatment of malaria. We previously reported the discovery of 5'-tritylated analogues of deoxyuridine as selective inhibitors of this P.falciparum enzyme. Herein we report further structure-activity studies of the 5'-trityl group, the introduction of various substituents at the 3'-position of deoxyuridine, and modifications of the base.
- Ruda, Gian Filippo,Nguyen, Corinne,Ziemkowski, Przemyslaw,Felczak, Krzysztof,Kasinathan, Ganasan,Musso-Buendia, Alexander,Sund, Christian,Zhou, Xiao Xiong,Kaiser, Marcel,Ruiz-Perez, Luis M.,Brun, Reto,Kulikowski, Tadeusz,Johansson, Nils Gunnar,Gonzalez-Pacanowska, Dolores,Gilbert, Ian H.
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experimental part
p. 309 - 320
(2012/01/12)
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- Antiviral activity of various 1-(2′-Deoxy-β- d -lyxofuranosyl), 1-(2′-Fluoro-β- d -xylofuranosyl), 1-(3′-Fluoro-β- d -arabinofuranosyl), and 2′-fluoro-2′,3′-didehydro-2′, 3′-dideoxyribose pyrimidine nucleoside analogues against duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) and human hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication
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Despite the existence of successful vaccine and antiviral therapies, infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to be a major global cause of acute and chronic liver disease and high mortality. We synthesized and evaluated several lyxofuranosyl, 2′-fluoroxylofuranosyl, 3′- fluoroarabinofuranosyl, and 2′-fluoro-2′,3′-didehydro- 2′,3′-dideoxyribose pyrimidine nucleoside analogues for antiviral activities against hepatitis B virus. Among the compounds examined, 1-(2-deoxy-β-d-lyxofuranosyl)thymine (23), 1-(2-deoxy-β-d- lyxofuranosyl)-5-trifluoromethyluracil (25), 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-d- xylofuranosyl)uracil (38), 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-d-xylofuranosyl)thymine (39), 2′,3′-dideoxy-2′,3′-didehydro-2′- fluorothymidine (48), and 2′,3′-dideoxy-2′,3′-didehydro- 2′-fluoro-5-ethyluridine (49) were found to possess significant anti-HBV activity against DHBV in primary duck hepatocytes with EC50 values of 4.1, 3.3, 40.6, 3.8, 0.2, and 39.0 μM, respectively. Compounds 23, 25, 39, 48, and 49 (EC50 = 41.3, 33.7, 19.2, 2.0-4.1, and 39.0 μM, respectively) exhibited significant activity against wild-type human HBV in 2.2.15 cells. Intriguingly, 25, 39, 48, and 49 retained sensitivity against lamivudine-resistant HBV containing a single mutation (M204I) and 48 emerged as an effective inhibitor of drug-resistant HBV with an EC50 of 4.1 μM. In contrast, 50% inhibition could not be achieved by lamivudine at 44 μM concentration in the drug-resistant strain. The compounds investigated did not show cytotoxicity to host cells up to the highest concentrations tested.
- Srivastav, Naveen C.,Shakya, Neeraj,Mak, Michelle,Agrawal, Babita,Tyrrell, D. Lorne,Kumar, Rakesh
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experimental part
p. 7156 - 7166
(2010/12/19)
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- Uridine derivatives as antiviral drugs against a flaviviridae, especially HCV
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The invention relates to the use of an uridine derivative of formula (I): wherein R1 represents monohalogenated alkynyl or dihalogenated alkenyl;R2 is chosen from among hydrogen, hydroxyl, -O-alkyl, -O-CO-alkyl and halogen;R3 is chosen from among hydrogen, hydroxyl, -O-alkyl, -O-CO-alkyl, halogen, -SH, -S-alkyl and N3; andR4 is chosen from among hydroxyl, -O-alkyl, -O-CO-alkyl, -O-phosphate, -O-diphosphate, -O-triphosphate and -O-phosphonate, as well as its possible tautomers, its possible pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with an acid or a base, and its N-oxide forms, for the preparation of a drug having antiviral activity against a Flaviviridae.
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Page/Page column 11; 19
(2008/06/13)
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- Deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase as a potential antiparasitic drug target
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This paper describes a structure-activity study to identify novel, small-molecule inhibitors of the enzyme deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase) from parasitic protozoa. The successful synthesis of a variety of analogues of dUMP is de
- Nguyen, Corinne,Kasinathan, Ganasan,Leal-Cortijo, Isabel,Musso-Buendia, Alexander,Kaiser, Marcel,Brun, Reto,Ruiz-Pérez, Luis M.,Johansson, Nils G.,González-Pacanowska, Dolores,Gilbert, Ian H.
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p. 5942 - 5954
(2007/10/03)
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- A facile one-pot synthesis of 2,3'-anhydro-2'-deoxyuridines via 3'-O-imidazolylsulfonates
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Continued interests in the novel synthetic methods of the pivotal compound, 2,3'-anhydro-2'-deoxyribonucleosides (7) uncovered a facile one-pot conversion of 5 with 1,1'-sulfonyldiimidazole in basic conditions to 7 with almost quantitative yields (91-99%).
- No,Dong Seong Shin,Bok Ju Song,Ahn,Ha
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p. 3873 - 3882
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of pyrimidine 2'3'-dideoxy-2-thionucleosides
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2'-Deoxyuridine 8a and thymidine 8b were converted in eight steps and in satisfactory overall yields into 2',3'-dideoxy-2-thiouridine (ddTU) 6a and 3'-deoxy-2-thiothymidine (ddTT) 6b, respectively. A three-step procedure is described for the conversion of ddTU 6a and ddTT 6b into the corresponding 2',3'-dideoxycytidine derivatives (ddTC 7a and ddMTC 7b, respectively) in good overall yield.
- Joshi,Reese,Varaprasad
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p. 209 - 218
(2007/10/02)
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- Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine Phosphoramidate Analogs
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A series of alkylating phosphoroamidate analogs of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine has been prepared and their growth inhibitory activity evaluated against murine L1210 leukemia and B16 melanoma cells in vitro.These compounds were designed to undergo intracellular release of the phosphoramidate anions, which it was hoped would function as irreversible inhibitors of thymidylate synthase.The expectation was that binding of the nucleoside moiety would be followed by alkylation of the enzyme via the phosphoramidate.The chloride, bromide, iodide, and tosylate analogs were highlypotent inhibitors of L1210 cell proliferation, with increased inhibition observed at both higher drug concentrations and longer exposure times.Addition of thymidine completely reversed the inhibition for all compounds, suggesting that these compounds are acting via inhibition of thymidylate synthase.Although the nonalkylating morpholine analog 1f was ca. 50-fold less potent than the methyl(chloroethyl)amino compound, the piperidine analog 1g was only 2-fold less potent, confirming that nitrogen basicity may be as important as the presence of an alkylating group.Addition of thymidine reversed the growth inhibition of the morpholine and piperidine analogs, suggesting that these compounds may also undergo intracellular conversion to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate.The thymidine and deoxyuridine derivatives 2 and 3 showed minimal growth inhibition in the L1210 assay.The alkylating analogs showed modest cytotoxicity against B16 melanoma cells, and the potency of the analogs was more dependent upon the alkylating moiety than on the 5-substituent.
- Fries, Kristin M.,Joswig, Carolyn,Borch, Richard F.
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p. 2672 - 2680
(2007/10/03)
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- 5'-Diphosphohexose nucleoside pharmaceutical compositions
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Compounds of the general formula: STR1 wherein A, B, and C are hydrogen, halogen, or azido; D is hydrogen, halogen, azido, or OH; A and B or C and D can be replaced with a double bond; R is an aldohexose, aldohexosamine, or N-acetyl aldohexosamine, R
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- 5'-diphosphohexose nucleoside pharmaceutical compositions
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This invention provides compounds and pharmaceutical compositions that include compounds of the formula: STR1 in which A, B, and C are hydrogen, halogen, or azido; D is hydrogen, halogen, azido, or OH; A and B or C and D can be replaced with a double bond
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- 3'-amino-2',3'-dideoxycytidine and the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof
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This disclosure describes the preparation of 3'-amino-2',3'-dideoxycytidine and the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof which are useful in inhibiting the growth of transplanted tumors in mammals.
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- 3'-Amino-2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosides of some pyrimidines: Synthesis and biological activities
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3'-Amino-2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosides of thymine, uracil, and 5-iodouracil (1-3) were synthesized from the corresponding 2'-deoxyribonucleosides via the threo-3'-chloro and the erythro-3'-azido derivatives. Corresponding aminonucleosides of 5-bromouracil, 5-chlorouracil, and 5-fluorouracil (4-6) were synthesized enzymatically with 3'-amino-2',3'-dideoxythymidine as the aminopentosyl donor and thymidine phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.4) as the catalyst. 3'-Amino-2',3'-dideoxycytidine (7) was synthesized by amination of the 3'-azido precursor of 3'-amino-2',3'-dideoxyuridine. The biological activity of 3'-amino-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluorouridine (6) was notable among this group of aminonucleosides. It had an ED50 of 10 μM against adenovirus and was not appreciably cytotoxic to mammalian cells in culture. It also had activity against some Gram-positive bacteria but not against a variety of Gram-negative bacteria. The other aminonucleosides (1-5 and 7) lacked or exhibited weak antiviral and antibacterial activities. The only compounds in this group that were appreciably toxic to mammalian cells in culture were the thymidine and deoxycytidine analogues (1 and 7).
- Krenitsky,Freeman,Shaver,Beacham III,Hurlbert,Cohn,Elwell,Selway
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p. 891 - 895
(2007/10/02)
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