- OIL GELLING AGENT AND OIL GEL COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE SAME
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil gelling agent which can form a highly stable gel by blending in an oil solution in a small amount and does not need to expose to excessive high temperature in a step of producing an oil gel, and to further provide an oil gel composition containing the oil gelling agent and the oil solution. SOLUTION: There are provided: an oil gelling agent consisting of an alkanol amide derivative represented by the general formula (1); and an oil gel composition containing the oil gelling agent and the oil solution. [R1CO is an acyl group having 16 to 22 carbon atoms containing a hydroxyl group; R2CO is a different composition from R1CO and is a linear/branched alkylene group having 14 to 22 carbon atoms which may contain an unsaturated bond or a polyalkylene group; X is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a hydroxyethyl group or a hydroxypropyl group; n is an integer of 1 to 3.] SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPOandINPIT
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Paragraph 0017; 0023
(2017/05/16)
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- Pharmaceuticals and Surfactants from Alga-Derived Feedstock: Amidation of Fatty Acids and Their Derivatives with Amino Alcohols
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Amidation of renewable feedstocks, such as fatty acids, esters, and Chlorella alga based biodiesel, was demonstrated with zeolites and mesoporous materials as catalysts and ethanolamine, alaninol, and leucinol. The last two can be derived from amino acids present in alga. The main products were fatty alkanol amides and the corresponding ester amines, as confirmed by NMR and IR spectroscopy. Thermal amidation of technical-grade oleic acid and stearic acid at 180°C with ethanolamine were non-negligible; both gave 61% conversion. In the amidation of stearic acid with ethanolamine, the conversion over H-Beta-150 was 80% after 3 h, whereas only 63% conversion was achieved for oleic acid; this shows that a microporous catalyst is not suitable for this acid and exhibits a wrinkled conformation. The highest selectivity to stearoyl ethanolamide of 92% was achieved with mildly acidic H-MCM-41 at 70% conversion in 3 h at 180°C. Highly acidic catalysts favored the formation of the ester amine, whereas the amide was obtained with a catalyst that exhibited an optimum acidity. The conversion levels achieved with different fatty acids in the range C12-C18 were similar; this shows that the fatty acid length does not affect the amidation rate. The amidation of methyl palmitate and biodiesel gave low conversions over an acidic catalyst, which suggested that the reaction mechanism in the amidation of esters was different. Pores versus acidity: The structures and properties of zeolites and mesoporous materials are investigated as catalysts for the amidation of renewable feedstocks, such as fatty acids, esters, and Chlorella alga based biodiesel, with ethanolamine, alaninol, and leucinol as nitrogen sources.
- Tkacheva, Anastasia,Dosmagambetova, Inkar,Chapellier, Yann,M?ki-Arvela, P?ivi,Hachemi, Imane,Savela, Risto,Leino, Reko,Viegas, Carolina,Kumar, Narendra,Er?nen, Kari,Hemming, Jarl,Smeds, Annika,Murzin, Dmitry Yu.
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p. 2670 - 2680
(2015/09/02)
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- Synthesis, calorimetric studies, and crystal structures of N, O-diacylethanolamines with matched chains
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Recent studies show that N-, O -diacylethanolamines (DAEs) can be derived by the O -acylation of N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) under physiological conditions. Because the content of NAEs in a variety of organisms increases in response to stress, it is likely that DAEs may also be present in biomembranes. In view of this, a homologous series of DAEs with matched acyl chains (n = 10-20) have been synthesized and characterized. Transition enthalpies and entropies obtained from differential scanning calorimetry show that dry DAEs with even and odd acyl chains independently exhibit linear dependence on the chainlength. Linear least-squares analyses yielded incremental values contributed by each methylene group to the transition enthalpy and entropy and the corresponding end contributions. N-, O-Didecanoylethanolamine (DDEA), N-, O-dilauroylethanolamine (DLEA), and N-, O-dimyristoylethanolamine (DMEA) crystallized in the orthorhombic space group Pbc21 with four symmetry-related molecules in the unit cell. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies show that DDEA, DLEA, and DMEA are isostructural and adopt an L-shaped structure with the N-acyl chain and the central ethanolamine moiety being essentially identical to the structure of N-acylethanolamines, whereas the O-acyl chain is linear with all-trans conformation. In all three DAEs, the lipid molecules are organized in a bilayer fashion wherein the N-acyl and O-acyl chains from adjacent layers oppose each other. Copyright
- Kamlekar, Ravi Kanth,Tarafdar, Pradip K.,Swamy, Musti J.
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body text
p. 42 - 52
(2010/11/04)
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- Amide esters as hydrocarbon gellants
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The invention relates to gelling agents, and in particular to gellants for low polarity liquids such as hydrocarbons, and the use thereof in commercial products, e.g., personal care products.
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Page/Page column 5-6
(2008/06/13)
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- Synthesis, Characterisation and Surfactant Behaviours of Acylaminoethyl Esters of Fatty Acids
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Acylaminoēthyl esters of myristic, stearic, 12-hydroxystearic, oleic, ricinoleic and erucic acids have been synthesised at 60° using immobilised lipase as catalyst through the esterification of monoethanolamine with the respective fatty acid. Various surfactant properties of the synthesised esters have been evaluated and compared.
- Chandrasekharan,Basu
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p. 123 - 128
(2007/10/03)
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- Rapid Synthesis and Interconversions of Fatty 4,5-Dihydroimidazoles and Fatty 1,4,5,6-Tetrahydropyrimidines. Thermal Cyclizations of Fatty Amides Involving Phenyl Phosphorodiamidate
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Brief heating of ethane-1,2- and propane-1,3-bis-fatty amides at 235-250 deg C with phenyl phosphorodiamidate gave routes to high yields of 2-fatty alkyl-4,5-dihydroimidazoles and 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines.Ready interconversions of fatty dihydroimidazoles and tetrahydropyrimidines, involving diamine exchange with solvent, were observed on brief heating of these materials in ethylenediamine and trimethylenediamine as solvents.
- Butler, Richard N.,Thornton, John D.,O'Regan, C.B.
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p. 2197 - 2200
(2007/10/02)
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