170569-86-5

The present invention relates to preparation of pyrazoles. This invention further relates to a continuous flow micro-total process system for preparation of celecoxib, a COX-2 selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and analogs thereof.

Integrated continuous manufacturing has emerged as a promising device for the rapid manufacturing of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). We herein report a newly designed continuous flow micro-total process system platform for the rapid manufacturing of celecoxib, a selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. This approach has been proven generally for the synthesis of several alkyl and aryl substituted pyrazoles. In order to minimize the tedious work-up process of potential reaction intermediates/products, we have developed a continuous flow extraction and separation platform to carry out the entire reaction sequence resulting in a short residence time with good yield. The present process was further extended to gram-scale synthesis of the COX-2-related API, viz. celecoxib, in the continuous flow process.

The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a combination of a 2-alkylidene-19-nor-vitamin D derivative and a cyclooxgenase-2 inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof. Particularly, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment comprising administering to a patient in need thereof 2-methylene-19-nor-20(S)-10,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and a cyclooxgenase-2 inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.

The cyclodehydration reaction leading to 1,5-diarylpyrazoles in water medium has been observed for the first time. The method has been used in generating library of compounds for drug discovery program under microwave condition and tried for a multigram synthesis of celecoxib, a premier COX-2 inhibitor, under normal laboratory condition.

The present invention provides a combination of a selective NMDA NR2B antagonist and a COX-2 inhibitor for the treatment or prevention of pain or nociception.

This invention relates to the use of a tocolytic agent or agents in combination with selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors of Formula (II) or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt or derivative thereof for preparing a medicament for maintaining circulation through fetal ductus arteriosus during treatment or prevention of preterm labor in a subject in need of such treatment or prevention.

This invention relates to the use of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors or derivatives thereof in preventing and treating neoplasia. In particular, the invention describes the method of preventing and treating epithelial cell neoplasia in a subject, said method comprising treating the subject with a therapeutically-effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) wherein A, R and R are as described in the specification.

The present invention provides the use of a COX-2 inhibitior and an NK-1 receptor antagonist for the treatment or prevention of inflammatory disorders.

Compounds useful for inducing apoptosis in proliferative cells, particularly cancer cells, including but not limited to prostate cancer, leukemia, non-smalll cell lung cancer, colon cancer, CNS cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, renal cancer, bladder cancer, lymphoma, and breast cancer. These compounds are particularly useful in the treatment of androgen-independent cancers, including hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Further provided are methods of treating cancer in a subject in need of such treatment using the compounds of the present invention. Further provided are methods for using the compounds of the present invention to treat, inhibit, or delay the onset of cancer in a subject. Further provided are methods of inducing apoptosis in rapidly proliferating cells, particularly, though not necessarily cancer cells, using the compounds of the present invention.

Agents and methods for chemoprevention and treatment of neoplasia are described, the agents including a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase and a combination of a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase and an inhibitor of cylcooxygenase-2 in a pharmaceutical composition. The agents and methods are used for chemoprevention and treatment of neoplasia including colorectal cancer and other cancers affecting epithelial cells throughout the body. The agents can also be used to treat the fibrosis that occurs with radiation therapy, as well as adenomatous polyps, including those with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).

The invention includes methods for treating or reducing the risk of inflammation in a patient which comprises treating the patient with an inhibitor of activated thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor. Such diseases include but are not limited to nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, and sacoidosis. The invention includes methods for treating or reducing the risk of pain in a patient which comprises treating the patient with an inhibitor of activated thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor. In one class of these methods, the inhibitor of activated thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of 2-(6-amino-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-3-butyl-succinic acid, 2-(6-amino-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-3-phenethyl-succinic acid, 2-(6-amino-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-3-methyl-succinic acid, 2-(6-amino-5-methyl-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-3-[(1-benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-methyl-propyl)hydroxy-phosphinoyl]-propionic acid, 2-(6-amino-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-3-[hydroxy-(3-phenyl-propyl)-phosphinoyl]-propionic acid, 2-(amino-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-N-hydroxy-succinamic acid, 3-(6-amino-pyridin-3-yl)-2-mercaptomethyl-propionic acid, 2-(2-amino-pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-3-mercapto-propionic acid, 2-(6-amino-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-2-mercaptomethyl-butyric acid, 3-(6-amino-5-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-2-mercaptomethyl-2-methyl-propionic acid, 3-(6-amino-5-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-2-mercaptomethyl-propionic acid, 3-(6-amino-4-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-2-mercaptomethyl-propionic acid, and 3-(6-amino-pyridin-3-yl)-2-mercaptomethyl-butyric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The invention is also a method for treating or reducing the risk of inflammation in a patient, or treating or reducing the risk of pain, which comprises treating the patient with a composition comprising an inhibitor of activated thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and an NSAID, e.g., a COX-2 inhibitor. Such diseases include but are not limited to nephritis, systemic lupus, erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, and sacoidosis.

Cachexia, including anorexia and other forms of weight loss, is a frequent complication of acute and chronic infections, and result from induction of cytokines, prostaglandins, and other inflammatory mediators that are critical for pathogen elimination. The present invention includes methods for the treatment or prevention of cachexic conditions while maintaining the production of factors essential for infection control through the administration of an effective amount of a cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibiting compound.

Combinations of a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor and a leukotriene B4receptor antagonist are described for treatment of inflammation and inflammation-related disorders.

This invention relates to the use of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors or derivatives thereof in preventing cardiovascular disorders.

This invention relates to the use of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors or derivatives thereof in preventing and treating dementia. In particular, the invention describes the method of preventing and treating dementia in a subject, said method comprising treating the subject with a therapeutically-effective amount of a compound of Formula I wherein R2, R3, and R4 are as described in the specification.

The present invention provides combinations of a DNA topoisomerase I inhibiting agent and a selective COX-2 inhibiting agent for preventing, treating, and/or reducing the risk of developing a neoplasia disorder in a mammal.

The instant invention provides a novel drug combination comprised of an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and a selective COX-2 inhibitor, which is useful for treating, preventing, delaying the onset of and/or reducing the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. One object of the instant invention is to administer the above-described combination therapy to people who do not yet show clinical signs of Alzheimer's disease, but who are at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. These individuals may already show signs of mild cognitive impairment. Toward this end, the instant invention provides methods for preventing or reducing the risk of developing Alzheimer's by administering the above-described combination therapy to said at risk persons. Such treatment may halt or reduce the rate of further cognitive decline or, in fact, reverse cognitive decline. The present invention also provides for a method of preventing cognitive impairment or dementia, reducing the risk of cognitive decline or impairment or reducing cognitive decline or impairment resulting from stroke, stroke, cerebral ischemia or de-myelinating disorders.

A method to suppress immune, acute or delayed-type hypersensitivity by treatment with a combination of a therapeutically-effective amount of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor and a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor is reported. The method may be used, for example, to suppress the immune response associated with organ transplantation, graft versus host disease, and conditions with underlying autoimmune or inflammatory reactivities or responses.

Treatment with a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor and a leukotriene A4hydrolase inhibitor is described as being useful in reducing recipient rejection of transplanted organs and for treatment of autoimmnune diseases.

The present invention provides a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of COX-2-mediated conditions in patients who are at risk of developing thromboembolic events which comprises administering to said patient a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of a COX-2 selective inhibitor and a cardiovascular protective amount of a thromboxane inhibitor, as well as compositions therefor.

Combinations of a GABAAalpha 5 inverse agonist and a COX-2 inhibitor, NSAID, estrogen or vitamin E are disclosed for treating neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's Disease.

The invention is a method for treating an inflammatory disease in a patient which comprises treating the patient with a composition comprising a thrombin inhibitor. Such diseases include but are not limited to nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, and sacoidosis. In one class of the method, the thrombin inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of 3-(2-phenylethylamino)-6-methyl-1-(2-amino-6-methyl-5-methylenecarboxamidomethylpyridinyl)-2-pyrazinone, N′-[[1-(aminoiminomethyl)-4-piperidinyl]methyl]-N-(3,3-diphenylpropionyl)-L-proline amide, and 3-(2-phenethylamino)-6-methyl-1-(2-amino-6-methyl-5-methylenecarboxamidomethylpyridinyl)-2-pyridinone or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The invention is also a method for treating an inflammatory disease in a patient which comprises treating the patient with a composition comprising a thrombin inhibitor and an NSAID, e.g., a COX-2 inhibitor. Such diseases include but are not limited to nephritis, systemic lupus, erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, and sacoidosis. In one class of the method, the thrombin inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of 3-(2-phenylethylamino)-6-methyl-1-(2-amino-6-methyl-5-methylene-carboxamidomethylpyridinyl)-2-pyrazinone, N′-[[1-(aminoiminomethyl)-4-piperidinyl]methyl]-N-(3,3-diphenylpropionyl)-L-proline amide, and 3-(2-phenethylamino)-6-methyl-1-(2-amino-6-methyl-5-methylenecarboxamidomethylpyridinyl)-2-pyridinone or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and the COX-2 inhibitor is 3-phenyl-4-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-2-(5H)-furanone or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The instant invention provides a drug combination comprised of an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in combination with a COX-2 inhibitor, which is useful for treating, preventing, and/or reducing the risk of developing atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic disease events.

Treatment with a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor and a leukotriene B 4 receptor antagonist is described as being useful in reducing recipient rejection of transplanted organs and for treatment of autoimmune diseases.

This invention relates to the use of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors or derivatives thereof in preventing and treating angiogenic disorders.

Combinations of a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor and a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor are described for treatment of inflammation and inflammation-related disorders.

The invention provides a method for treating, preventing, or reducing the risk of developing a condition selected from the group consisting of acute coronary ischemic syndrome, thrombosis, thromboembolism, thrombotic occlusion and reocclusion, restenosis, transient ischemic attack, and first or subsequent thrombotic stroke, in a patient, comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of an antiplatelet agent in combination with a therapeutically effective amount of a COX-2 inhibitor. The invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a COX-2 inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an antiplatelet agent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

This invention relates to the use of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors or derivatives thereof in preventing and treating neoplasia. In particular, the invention describes the method of preventing and treating epithelial cell neoplasia in a subject, said method comprising treating the subject with a therapeutically-effective amount of a compound of Formula I. STR1 wherein A, R2 and R3 are as described in the specification.

Combinations of a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor and a leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitor are described for treatment of inflammation and inflammation-related disorders.

A series of sulfonamide-containing 1,5-diarylpyrazole derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their ability to block cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in vitro and in vivo. Extensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) work was carried out within this series, and a number of potent and selective inhibitors of COX-2 were identified. Since an early structural lead (1f, SC- 236) exhibited an unacceptably long plasma half-life, a number of pyrazole analogs containing potential metabolic sites were evaluated further in vivo in an effort to identify compounds with acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles. This work led to the identification of 1i (4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-y1]benzenesulfonamide, SC-58635, celecoxib), which is currently in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Combinations of a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor and a leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitor are described for treatment of inflammation and inflammation-related disorders