- The Stereoselective Oxidation of para-Substituted Benzenes by a Cytochrome P450 Biocatalyst
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The serine 244 to aspartate (S244D) variant of the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP199A4 was used to expand its substrate range beyond benzoic acids. Substrates, in which the carboxylate group of the benzoic acid moiety is replaced were oxidised with high activity by the S244D mutant (product formation rates >60 nmol.(nmol-CYP)?1.min?1) and with total turnover numbers of up to 20,000. Ethyl α-hydroxylation was more rapid than methyl oxidation, styrene epoxidation and S-oxidation. The S244D mutant catalysed the ethyl hydroxylation, epoxidation and sulfoxidation reactions with an excess of one stereoisomer (in some instances up to >98 %). The crystal structure of 4-methoxybenzoic acid-bound CYP199A4 S244D showed that the active site architecture and the substrate orientation were similar to that of the WT enzyme. Overall, this work demonstrates that CYP199A4 can catalyse the stereoselective hydroxylation, epoxidation or sulfoxidation of substituted benzene substrates under mild conditions resulting in more sustainable transformations using this heme monooxygenase enzyme.
- Chao, Rebecca R.,Lau, Ian C.-K.,Coleman, Tom,Churchman, Luke R.,Child, Stella A.,Lee, Joel H. Z.,Bruning, John B.,De Voss, James J.,Bell, Stephen G.
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p. 14765 - 14777
(2021/09/14)
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- Regioselective Epoxide Ring Opening for the Stereospecific Scale-Up Synthesis of BMS-960, A Potent and Selective Isoxazole-Containing S1P1 Receptor Agonist
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This article presents a stereospecific scale-up synthesis of (S)-1-((S)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-(5-(3-phenyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazol-5-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)phenyl)ethyl)piperidine-3-carboxylic acid (BMS-960), a potent and selective isoxazole-containing S1P
- Hou, Xiaoping,Zhang, Huiping,Chen, Bang-Chi,Guo, Zhiwei,Singh, Amarjit,Goswami, Animesh,Gilmore, John L.,Sheppeck, James E.,Dyckman, Alaric J.,Carter, Percy H.,Mathur, Arvind
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p. 200 - 207
(2017/02/26)
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- Azidolysis of epoxides catalysed by the halohydrin dehalogenase from Arthrobacter sp. AD2 and a mutant with enhanced enantioselectivity: an (S)-selective HHDH
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Halohydrin dehalogenase from Arthrobacter sp. AD2 catalysed azidolysis of epoxides with high regioselectivity and low to moderate (S)-enantioselectivity (E?=?1–16). Mutation of the asparagine 178 to alanine (N178A) showed increased enantioselectivity towards styrene oxide derivatives and glycidyl ethers. Conversion of aromatic epoxides was catalysed by HheA-N178A with complete enantioselectivity, however the regioselectivity was reduced. As a result of the enzyme-catalysed reaction, enantiomerically pure (S)-β-azido alcohols and (R)-α-azido alcohols (ee???99%) were obtained.
- Mikleu?evi?, Ana,Primo?i?, Ines,Hrenar, Tomica,Salopek-Sondi, Branka,Tang, Lixia,Elenkov, Maja Majeri?
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p. 930 - 935
(2016/09/13)
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- Catalytic Enantioselective Conversion of Epoxides to Thiiranes
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A highly efficient and enantioselective Br?nsted acid catalyzed conversion of epoxides to thiiranes has been developed. The reaction proceeds in a kinetic resolution, furnishing both epoxide and thiirane in high yields and enantiomeric purity. Heterodimer formation between the catalyst and sulfur donor affords an effective way to prevent catalyst decomposition and enables catalyst loadings as low as 0.01 mol %.
- Liao, Saihu,Leutzsch, Markus,Monaco, Mattia Riccardo,List, Benjamin
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supporting information
p. 5230 - 5233
(2016/05/19)
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- Asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes and benzylic hydroxylation with P450tol monooxygenase from Rhodococcus coprophilus TC-2
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P450tol monooxygenase was discovered as a unique and highly enantioselective enzyme for asymmetric epoxidation of some terminal alkenes containing electron-withdrawing groups and benzylic hydroxylation of several ethylbenzenes giving the corresponding useful and valuable products, such as (R)-2- and 3-substituted styrene oxides, (S)-4-substituted styrene oxides, and (S)-benzylic alcohols, in high ee.
- Li, Aitao,Wu, Shuke,Adams, Joseph P.,Snajdrova, Radka,Li, Zhi
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p. 8771 - 8774
(2014/07/22)
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- Engineered P450pyr monooxygenase for asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes with unique and high enantioselectivity
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A triple mutant of P450pyr monooxygenase (P450pyrTM) catalysed the epoxidation of several para-substituted styrenes as the first enzyme showing high (R)-enantioselectivity and high conversion, demonstrated a broad substrate range, and showed high enantioselectivity for the epoxidation of an unconjugated 1,1-disubstituted alkene, 2-methyl-3-phenyl-1-propene, and a cyclic alkene, N-phenoxycarbonyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine, respectively.
- Li, Aitao,Liu, Ji,Pham, Son Q.,Li, Zhi
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supporting information
p. 11572 - 11574
(2013/12/04)
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- 2-(2-Phenylmorpholin-4-yl)pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones; A new class of potent, selective and orally active glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitors
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A series of 2-(2-phenylmorpholin-4-yl)pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones was synthesized and examined for their inhibitory activity against glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). We found 21, 29 and 30 to possess potent in vitro GSK-3β inhibitory activity with good in vitro PK profiles. 21 demonstrated significant decrease of tau phosphorylation after oral administration in mice and excellent PK profiles.
- Fukunaga, Kenji,Uehara, Fumiaki,Aritomo, Keiichi,Shoda, Aya,Hiki, Shinsuke,Okuyama, Masahiro,Usui, Yoshihiro,Watanabe, Kazutoshi,Yamakoshi, Koichi,Kohara, Toshiyuki,Hanano, Tokushi,Tanaka, Hiroshi,Tsuchiya, Susumu,Sunada, Shinji,Saito, Ken-Ichi,Eguchi, Jun-Ichi,Yuki, Satoshi,Asano, Shoichi,Tanaka, Shinji,Mori, Akiko,Yamagami, Keiji,Baba, Hiroshi,Horikawa, Takashi,Fujimura, Masatake
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p. 6933 - 6937
(2014/01/06)
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- Chiral epoxides via borane reduction of 2-haloketones catalyzed by spiroborate ester: Application to the synthesis of optically pure 1,2-hydroxy ethers and 1,2-azido alcohols
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An enantioselective borane-mediated reduction of a variety of 2-haloketones with 10% spiroaminoborate ester 1 as catalyst is described. By a simple basic workup of 2-halohydrins, optically active epoxides are obtained in high yield and with excellent enantiopurity (up to 99% ee). Ring-opening of oxiranes with phenoxides or sodium azide is investigated under different reaction conditions affording nonracemic 1,2-hydroxy ethers and 1,2-azido alcohols with excellent enantioselectivity (99% ee) and in good to high chemical yield. 2011 American Chemical Society.
- Huang, Kun,Wang, Haiyang,Stepanenko, Viatcheslav,De Jesus, Melvin,Torruellas, Carilyn,Correa, Wildeliz,Ortiz-Marciales, Margarita
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1883 - 1886
(2011/06/20)
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- SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR AGONISTS
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Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I), or a stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: A is formula (II) Q is a substituted 5-membered monocyclic heteroaryl group; W is CH2, O, or NH; and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, m, n, t, and x are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein-coupled receptor S1P1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.
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Page/Page column 100-101
(2011/02/24)
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- SUBSTITUTED PIPERAZINES AS CB1 ANTAGONISTS
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Compounds of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or esters thereof, are useful in treating diseases or conditions mediated by CB1 receptors, such as metabolic syndrome and obesity, neuroinflammatory disorders, cognitive disorders and psychosis, addiction (e.g., smoking cessation), gastrointestinal disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Page/Page column 171
(2009/03/07)
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- SUBSTITUTED PIPERAZINES AS CB1 ANTAGONISTS
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Compounds of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or esters thereof, are useful in treating diseases or conditions mediated by CB1receptors, such as metabolic syndrome and obesity, neuroinflammatory disorders, cognitive disorders and psychosis, addiction (e.g., smoking cessation), gastrointestinal disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Page/Page column 143
(2009/03/07)
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- Dynamic kinetic resolution of racemic β-haloalcohols: Direct access to enantioenriched epoxides
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The direct chemo-enzymatic DKR of racemic β-haloalcohols is reported, yielding the corresponding optically active epoxides in a single step. The mutant haloalcohol dehalogenase HheC Cys153Ser Trp249Phe is used for the asymmetric ring closure, whereas racemization of the remaining enantiomer of the haloalcohol is achieved using the new iridacycle 3, one of the most effective racemization catalysts to date for β-haloalcohols. Copyright
- Haak, Robert M.,Berthiol, Florian,Jerphagnon, Thomas,Gayet, Arnaud J. A.,Tarabiono, Chiara,Postema, Christiaan P.,Ritleng, Vincent,Pfeffer, Michel,Janssen, Dick B.,Minnaard, Adriaan J.,Feringa, Ben L.,De Vries, Johannes G.
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supporting information; scheme or table
p. 13508 - 13509
(2009/02/06)
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- SUBSTITUTED PIPERAZINES AS CB1 ANTAGONISTS
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Compounds of Formula (I): Chemical formula should be inserted here as it appears on the abstract in paper form. or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or esters thereof, are useful in treating diseases or conditions mediated by CB1 receptors, such as metabolic syndrome and obesity, neuroinflammatory disorders, cognitive disorders and psychosis, addiction (e.g., smoking cessation), gastrointestinal disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Page/Page column 293-294
(2010/11/08)
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- Effective asymmetric epoxidation of styrenes by chiral dioxirane
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High enantioselectivity (80-92% enantiomeric excess (ee)) has been obtained for the epoxidation of various styrenes using an easily prepared ketone (4) catalyst.
- Goeddel, David,Shu, Lianhe,Yuan, Yi,Wong, O. Andrea,Wang, Bin,Shi, Yian
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p. 1715 - 1717
(2007/10/03)
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- Microbiological transformations. 33. Fungal epoxide hydrolases applied to the synthesis of enantiopure para-substituted styrene oxides. A mechanistic approach
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The biohydrolysis of differently para-substituted styrene oxide derivatives was studied, using whole cells of the fungi Aspergillus niger or Beauveria sulfurescens. These microorganisms proved to be equipped with epoxide hydrolases which are able to achieve these hydrolyses with high enantioselectivity. This allowed the preparation of the optically active epoxides and of the corresponding vicinal diols which were obtained with good to excellent enantiomeric purity. These two microorganisms proved to be enantiocomplementary. A mechanistic study, carried out using a crude lyophilized enzymatic extract from A. niger, indicated via Hammet coefficient plotting that this hydrolysis is very probably due to a general base-catalyzed process.
- Pedragosa-Moreau,Morisseau,Zylber,Archelas,Baratti,Furstoss
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p. 7402 - 7407
(2007/10/03)
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