Solvent-free esterification of carboxylic acids and alcohols in the presence of silphos [PCl3-n(SiO2)n] as a heterogeneous phosphine reagent
An efficient solvent-free method for the preparation of esters from various aromatic and aliphatic acids with primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols using a heterogeneous phosphine reagent, silphos [PCl3-n(SiO 2)n], in good yields is reported.
Selective Mono- and Bis(alkoxycarbonylation)s of Olefins Catalyzed by Palladium in the Presence of Cu(I) or Cu(II) Chloride under Remarkably Mild Conditions. Application to the Synthesis of γ-Butyrolactone Derivatives
Palladium-catalyzed mono- and bis(alkoxycarbonylation)s of the olefins were controlled by the use of copper(II) and copper(I) chloride, respectively, in alcohol under normal pressure of carbon monoxide and oxygen at room temperature without any other additives. 3-Buten-1-ols gave the corresponding γ-butyrolactones and 2-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-acetic acid esters, respectively, in high yields.
Selective Mono- and Dicarbonylation of Terminal Olefins Catalyzed by Pd-C in the Presence of Cu(II) or Cu(I) Chloride under Mild Conditions
Pd-C can catalyze the carbonylation of terminal olefins with normal pressure of carbon monoxide at room temperature.The corresponding mono- and diesters (succinates) were selectively formed in excellent yields using Cu(II) and Cu(I) chloride, respectively, in alcohol.
Inomata, Katsuhiko,Toda, Shiho,Kinoshita, Hideki
p. 1567 - 1570
(2007/10/02)
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