- An improved procedure for the synthesis of enaminones - Dimer building blocks in β-strand mimetics
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@-Tides have been shown to have the same characteristics as a peptide in the β-strand conformation and to have the ability to self-associate into dimeric β-sheets. Aza-cyclohexaenaminones, obtained by condensation of a protected azacyclohexa-3,5-dione and amino acid esters, are the key building-blocks in the synthesis of @-tides. An improved three-step synthetic sequence to these enaminones has been developed that takes advantage of microwave-assisted chemistry in two of the steps to enhance the reaction rates. It was also found that the enaminone building blocks can be obtained by direct condensation of the aza-cyclohexa-3,5-dione with amino acid esters, without prior activation of the diketone. Multivariate design was used to optimize this microwave-assisted condensation, resulting in a short reaction time (300 s) and high yields (67-94%). Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Larsson, Andreas,Spjut, Sara,Kihlberg, Jan,Almqvist, Fredrik
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- N-Doping of Polyaromatic Capsules: Small Cavity Modification Leads to Large Change in Host–Guest Interactions
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To gain insight into the host functions of a nanocavity encircled by both polyaromatic panels and heteroatoms, nitrogen-doped polyaromatic capsules were successfully synthesized from metal ions and pyridine-embedded, bent anthracene-based ligands. The new capsules display unique host–guest interactions in the isolated cavities, which are distinct from those of the undoped analogues. Besides the inclusion of Ag+ ions, the large absorption change of fullerene C60 and altered emission of a BODIPY dimer are observed upon encapsulation by the present hosts. Moreover, the N-doped capsule exhibits specific binding ability toward progesterone and methyltestosterone, known as a natural female and synthetic male hormone, respectively, in water.
- Akita, Munetaka,Catti, Lorenzo,Dobashi, Hiroki,Tanaka, Yuya,Yoshizawa, Michito
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Read Online
- Discovery of GBT440, an Orally Bioavailable R-State Stabilizer of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin
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We report the discovery of a new potent allosteric effector of sickle cell hemoglobin, GBT440 (36), that increases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen and consequently inhibits its polymerization when subjected to hypoxic conditions. Unlike earlier allosteric activators that bind covalently to hemoglobin in a 2:1 stoichiometry, 36 binds with a 1:1 stoichiometry. Compound 36 is orally bioavailable and partitions highly and favorably into the red blood cell with a RBC/plasma ratio of ～150. This partitioning onto the target protein is anticipated to allow therapeutic concentrations to be achieved in the red blood cell at low plasma concentrations. GBT440 (36) is in Phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of sickle cell disease (NCT03036813).
- Metcalf, Brian,Chuang, Chihyuan,Dufu, Kobina,Patel, Mira P.,Silva-Garcia, Abel,Johnson, Carl,Lu, Qing,Partridge, James R.,Patskovska, Larysa,Patskovsky, Yury,Almo, Steven C.,Jacobson, Matthew P.,Hua, Lan,Xu, Qing,Gwaltney, Stephen L.,Yee, Calvin,Harris, Jason,Morgan, Bradley P.,James, Joyce,Xu, Donghong,Hutchaleelaha, Athiwat,Paulvannan, Kumar,Oksenberg, Donna,Li, Zhe
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supporting information
p. 321 - 326
(2017/03/17)
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- SUBSTITUTED HETEROARYL ALDEHYDE COMPOUNDS AND METHODS FOR THEIR USE IN INCREASING TISSUE OXYGENATION
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Provided are substituted heteroaryl aldehydes and derivatives thereof that act as allosteric modulators of hemoglobin, methods and intermediates for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the modulators, and methods for their use in treating disorders mediate by hemoglobin and disorders that would benefit from increased tissue oxygenation.
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Paragraph 0582; 0583
(2015/12/25)
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- SUBSTITUTED HETEROARYL ALDEHYDE COMPOUNDS AND METHODS FOR THEIR USE IN INCREASING TISSUE OXYGENATION
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Provided are substituted heteroaryl aldehydes and derivatives thereof that act as allosteric modulators of hemoglobin, methods and intermediates for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the modulators, and methods for their use in treating disorders mediate by hemoglobin and disorders that would benefit from increased tissue oxygenation.
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Paragraph 0315
(2013/07/19)
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- ACYCLIC IKUR INHIBITORS
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A compound of formula I wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are described herein.
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Page/Page column 88
(2010/11/26)
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- Keratin dyeing compounds, keratin dyeing compositions containing them, and use thereof
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Compositions for the oxidative dyeing of keratin fibers, comprising a medium suitable for dyeing and at least one N-oxides of six-membered rings with one or two nitrogen atoms keratin dyeing compound. A method for oxidative dyeing of keratin fibers, comprising applying such compositions in the presence of an oxidizing agent, for a period sufficient to develop the desired coloration.
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Page/Page column 9-10
(2008/06/13)
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- "@-Tides": The 1,2-dihydro-3(6h)-pyridinone unit as a β-strand mimic
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The cyclic amino acid surrogate 1 was designed to mimic the extended conformation of a peptide unit and to provide hydrogen bond donor and acceptor functions conducive to β-sheet formation. A convenient synthesis of this unit and solution and solid-phase methods for its incorporation into an oligomer alternating with peptide units have been devised. The resulting "@-tides", as these oligomers have been designated, show a high propensity for self-association in comparison to oligopeptides; insights into the structure and dynamical properties of their antiparallel dimers have been obtained by NMR.
- Phillips,Rezac,Abel,Kossenjans,Bartlett
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- Method and composition for the dyeing of hair with 2,6-diamino-pyridine derivatives
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A method and composition are disclosed for the oxidative coloration of hair, based upon a developer substance-coupler substance combination, employing as coupler substance at least one 2,6-diamino-pyridine derivative according to Formula I STR1 in which R1 and R2 are the same or different and are each CH3 or C2 H5 and R3 is hydrogen, C1 -C4 -alkyl or C1 -C4 -hydroxyalkyl, also in the form of the physiologically compatible salts. The coupler substance, preferably 2,6-diamino-3,5-dimethoxy-pyridine, 2,6-diamino-3,5-diethoxy-pyridine and 2-amino-6-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-3,5-dimetnoxy-pyridine, should be present in the composition in a concentration from 0.01 to 3.0% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 2.0% by weight. The coupler substance according to Formula I is storage resistant, well soluble in water and possesses favorable toxicological as well as dermatological characteristics. The coupler substance of Formula I provides, in combination with 1,4-diamino benzene or its derivatives, very intense cold blue tones without red portions, and in combination with 4-aminophenol, strongly lustrous gold-orange tones.
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- NEW REACTIONS OF PYRIDINES AND TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF THE FUNGAL TOXIN ORELLANINE
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Dihalogenated pyridines react easily with sulphur nucleophiles, in dipolar aprotic solvents (DMF), to afford the products of mono- or of bis-substitution depending on the experimental conditions.On the contrary, with oxygen nucleophiles the bis-substituted products can be obtained only with some particular substrates.A new and efficient procedure to effect the homo-coupling of halogenoarenes will be presented.This reaction, wich occurs under the influence of low-valent nickel complexes, allowed us to effect the total synthesis of Orellanine, the lethal toxin of Cortinarius orellanus mushroom, as well as the syntheses of its decompositionproducts Orellinine and Orelline.The chemical properties of these three products and their behaviour towards UV irradiation will be presented and discussed.
- Tiecco, Marcello
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p. 1009 - 1020
(2007/10/02)
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- THE REACTIONS OF SOME HALOGENATED PYRIDINES WITH METHOXYDE AND METHANETHIOLATE IONS IN DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE
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The reactions of 2,6- and 2,5-dibromopyridines and of 2,3- and 3,5-dichloropyridines with sodium isopropanethiolate and methanethiolate afforded the products of mono- or of bis-substitution depending on the experimental conditions.The same pyridines reacted with sodium methoxide to give good yields of the mono-substituted products; bis-substitution occurred easily only in the case of the 2,6-dibromo- and of the 3,5-dichloropyridine.The syntheses of some methoxy thiomethoxypyridine, starting from the halogeno methoxypyridines or from the halogeno thiomethoxypyridines are also described.The bis-(alkylthio)pyridines can be fragmented by sodium in HMPA to give the bis(mercapto)pyridines.
- Testaferri, Lorenzo,Tiecco, Marcello,Tingoli, Marco,Bartoli, Donatella,Massoli, Alberto
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p. 1373 - 1384
(2007/10/02)
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