- Antifungal activity of 1,4-dialkoxynaphthalen-2-acyl imidazolium salts by inducing apoptosis of pathogenic candida spp.
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Even though Candida spp. are staying commonly on human skin, it is also an opportunistic pathogenic fungus that can cause candidiasis. The emergence of resistant Candida strains and the toxicity of antifungal agents have encouraged the development of new classes of potent antifungal agents. Novel naphthalen-2-acyl imidazolium salts (NAIMSs), especially 1,4-dialkoxy-NAIMS from 1,4-dihydroxynaphthalene, were prepared and evaluated for antifungal activity. Those derivatives showed prominent anti-Candida activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.125 to 6.26 μg/mL in 24 h based on microdilution antifungal susceptibility test. Among the tested com-pounds, NAIMS 7c showed strongest antifungal activity with 3.125 μg/mL MIC value compared with miconazole which showed 12.5 μg/mL MIC value against Candida spp., and more importantly >100 μg/mL MIC value against C. auris. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased and JC-1 staining showed the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in C. albicans by treatment with NAIMS 7c. The increased release of ultraviolet (UV) absorbing materials suggested that NAIMS 7c could cause cell busting. The expression of apoptosis-related genes was induced in C. albicans by NAIMS 7c treatment. Taken together, the synthetic NAIMSs are of high interest as novel antifungal agents given further in vivo examination.
- Lee, Jisue,Kim, Jae-Goo,Lee, Haena,Lee, Tae Hoon,Kim, Ki-Young,Kim, Hakwon
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Read Online
- Novel imidazole derivatives as antifungal agents: Synthesis, biological evaluation, ADME prediction and molecular docking studies
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A series of 2-(substituteddithiocarbamoyl)-N-[4-((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)phenyl]acetamide derivatives was designed and synthesized to combat the increasing incidence of drug-resistant fungal infections. All synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HRMS spectra and elemental analyses. Antifungal activity tests were performed against four different fungal strains. Molecular docking studies were performed to investigate the mode of action towards the fungal lanosterol 14α-demethylase, a cytochrome P450-dependent enzyme. ADME studies were carried out and a connection between activities and physicochemical properties of the target compounds was determined. Most of the final compounds exhibited significant activity against Candida albicans and Candida krusei with MIC50 value 12.5 μg/mL. The results of in vitro anti-Candida activity, a docking study and ADME prediction revealed that the newly synthesized compounds have potential anti-Candida activity and evidenced the most active derivative, 5b (2-Pyrrolidinthiocarbonylthio-N-[4-((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)phenyl]acetamide), which can be further optimized as a lead compound.
- Alt?nda?, Firuze Diyar,Sa?l?k, Begüm Nurpelin,Acar ?evik, Ulviye,I??kda?, ?lhan,?zkay, Yusuf,Karaca Gen?er, Hülya
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p. 887 - 894
(2019/02/03)
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- Synthesis and investigation of inhibitory activities of imidazole derivatives against the metallo-β-lactamase IMP-1
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Mutations in bacteria can result in antibiotic resistance due to the overuse or abuse of β-lactam antibiotics. One strategy which bacteria can become resistance toward antibiotics is secreting of metallo β-lactamase enzymes that can open the lactam ring of the β-lactam antibiotic and inactivate them. This issue is a threat for human health and one strategy to overcome this situation is co-administration of β-lactam antibiotics with an inhibitor. So far, no clinically available inhibitors of metallo β-lactamases (MBLs) reported and the clinically inhibitors of serine β-lactamase are useless for MBLs. Accordingly, finding a potent inhibitor of the MBLs being very important. In this study, imidazole derivatives primarily were synthesized and their inhibitory activity were measured. Later in silico binding model was used to predict the configuration and conformation of the ligands into the active site of enzyme. Two molecules demonstrated with IC50 of 39 μM and 46 μM against MBL (IMP-1).
- Khalili Arjomandi, Omid,Kavoosi, Mahboubeh,Adibi, Hadi
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of azole-diphenylpyrimidine derivatives (AzDPPYs) as potent T790M mutant form of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors
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A series of novel azole-diphenylpyrimidine derivatives (AzDPPYs) were synthesized and biologically evaluated as potent EGFRT790Minhibitors. Among these analogues, the most active inhibitor 6e not only displayed high activity against EGFRT790M/L858Rkinase (IC50?=?3.3?nM), but also was able to repress the replication of H1975 cells harboring EGFRT790Mmutation at a concentration of 0.118?μmol/L. In contrast to the lead compound rociletinib, 6e slightly reduces the key EGFRT790M-minduced drug resistance. Significantly, inhibitor 6e demonstrates high selectivity (SI?=?299.3) for T790M-containing EGFR mutants over wild type EGFR, hinting that it will cause less side effects.
- Song, Zhendong,Jin, Yue,Ge, Yang,Wang, Changyuan,Zhang, Jianbin,Tang, Zeyao,Peng, Jinyong,Liu, Kexin,Li, Yanxia,Ma, Xiaodong
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p. 5505 - 5512
(2016/10/24)
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- INHIBITION OF P38 KINASE ACTIVITY USING SUBSTITUTED HETEROCYCLIC UREAS
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This invention relates to the use of a group of aryl ureas in treating cytokine mediated diseases, other than cancer and proteolytic enzyme mediated diseases, other than cancer, and pharmaceutical compositions for use in such therapy.
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Page/Page column 22
(2012/03/10)
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- AMINO - PYRIMIDINE COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF TBK1 AND/OR IKK EPSILON
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The invention relates to certain aminopyrimidine compounds which inhibit TBK1 and/or IKK epsilon and which may therefore find application in treating inflammation, cancer, septic shock and/or Primary open Angle Glaucoma (POAG).
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Page/Page column 163
(2011/05/05)
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- Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling of 1 -Benzyl-1H-imidazoles as Selective Inhibitors of Aldosterone Synthase (CYP11B2)
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Reducing aldosterone action is beneficial in various major diseases such as heart failure. Currently, this is achieved, with mineralocorticoid, receptor antagonists, however, aldosterone synthase (CYP 11B2) inhibitors may offer a promising alternative. In this study, we used three-dimensional modeling of CYP11B2 to model, the binding modes of the natural substrate 18-hydroxycorticosterone and the recently published CYP11B2 inhibitor R-fadrozole as a rational guide to design 44 structurally simple and achiral 1-benzyl-1H-imidazoles. Their syntheses, in vitro inhibitor potencies, and in silico docking are described. Some promising CYP11B2 inhibitors were identified, with our novel lead, MOERAS 115 (4-((5-phenyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl) benzonitrile) displaying an IC50 for CYP11B2 of 1.7 nM, and a CYP11B2 (versus CYP11B1) selectivity of 16.5, comparable to R-fadrozole (IC 50 for CYP11B26.0 nM, selectivity 19.8). Molecular docking of the inhibitors in the models enabled us to generate posthoc hypotheses on their binding modes, providing a valuable basis for future studies and further design of CYP11B2 inhibitors.
- Roumen, Luc,Peeters, Joris W.,Emmen, Judith M. A.,Beugels, Ilona P. E.,Custers, Erica M. G.,De Gooyer, Marcel,Plate, Ralf,Pieterse, Koen,Hilbers, Peter A. J.,Smits, Jos F. M.,Vekemans, Jef A. J.,Leysen, Dirk,Ottenheijm, Harry C. J.,Janssen, Henk M.,Rob Hermans
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experimental part
p. 1712 - 1725
(2010/07/17)
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- 2-[1H-Benzimidazol-2(3H)-ylidene]-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)acetamides and 2-[benzothiazol-2(3H)-ylidene]-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)acetamides as kinase inhibitors
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2-[1H-benzimidazol-2(3H)-ylidene]-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)acetamides and 2-[benzothiazol-2(3H)-ylidene]-2-(pyrimidin-2-yl)acetamides and their salts are kinase inhibitors, useful in the treatment of cancer.
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Page/Page column 13
(2010/04/25)
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- Inhibition Of Raf Kinase Using Symmetrical And Unsymmetrical Substituted Diphenyl Ureas
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This invention relates to the use of a group of aryl ureas in treating raf mediated diseases, and pharmaceutical compositions for use in such therapy.
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Page/Page column 19
(2008/12/04)
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- Thiazolyl-Dihydro-Indazole
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The present invention encompasses compounds of general formula (1) wherein R1 to R6 are defined as in claim 1, which are suitable for the treatment of diseases characterised by excessive or abnormal cell proliferation, and the use th
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Page/Page column 11
(2008/06/13)
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- Mono-nitration of aromatic compounds via their nitric acid salts
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Aromatic compounds bearing a basic nitrogen atom can be converted to the corresponding nitric acid salts. Mono-nitration of the compounds can be carried out by adding a dichloromethane solution of the salts to sulfuric acid, or by adding acetyl chloride (or trifluoroacetic anhydride) to a dichloromethane solution of the salts. This protocol provides, among other benefits, the most convenient and reliable way for the prevention of over-/under-nitration and is especially suitable for scale-up.
- Zhang, Pingsheng,Cedilote, Miall,Cleary, Thomas P.,Pierce, Michael E.
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p. 8659 - 8664
(2008/03/30)
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- Mono-nitration of aromatic compounds via nitrate salts
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A method of nitrating a compound selected from the group consisting of is provided.
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Page/Page column 6; 11
(2008/06/13)
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- INHIBITION OF RAF KINASE USING SUBSTITUTED HETEROCYCLIC UREAS
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Methods of treating tumors mediated by raf kinase, with substituted urea compounds, and such compounds per se.
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Page/Page column 23
(2010/11/28)
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- Synthesis and biochemical evaluation of a range of potent benzyl imidazole-based compounds as potential inhibitors of the enzyme complex 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P45017α)
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The cytochrome P-450 enzyme, 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P45017α), is a potential target in hormone-dependent cancers. Here, we report the synthesis and biochemical evaluation of a range of benzyl imidazole-based compounds which have been targeted against the two components of this enzyme, that is, 17α-hydroxylase (17α-OHase) and 17,20-lyase (lyase). The results from the biochemical testing suggest that the compounds synthesised are good inhibitors, with N-4-iodobenzyl imidazole (5) (IC50 = 10.06 μM against 17α-OHase and IC50 = 1.58 μM against lyase) showing equipotent activity against lyase compared to the standard compound, ketoconazole (KTZ) (IC50 = 3.76 ± 0.01 μM against 17α-OHase and IC50 = 1.66 ± 0.15 μM against lyase). Furthermore, the compounds tested are less potent towards the 17α-OHase component, a desirable property in the development of novel inhibitors of P45017α.
- Owen, Caroline P.,Dhanani, Sachin,Patel, Chirag H.,Shahid, Imran,Ahmed, Sabbir
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p. 4011 - 4015
(2007/10/03)
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- INHIBITION OF p38 KINASE USING SYMMETRICAL AND UNSYMMETRICAL DIPHENYL UREAS
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This invention relates to the use of a group of aryl ureas in treating cytokine mediated diseases and proteolytic enzyme mediated diseases, and pharmaceutical compositions for use in such therapy.
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Page/Page column 36
(2010/02/11)
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- The reaction of carbonyldiimidazole with alcohols to form carbamates and N-alkylimidazoles
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The reactions of non-benzylic primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols with carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) afford the corresponding carbamates but not N-alkylimidazoles. For benzylic primary alcohols, formation of N-alkylimidazoles proceeds reasonably at 170 °C in several different solvents and occurs by way of the initially formed carbamate. However, under these rather forcing conditions, or even at lower reaction temperatures, elimination is a significant side reaction for benzylic secondary alcohols with β-hydrogen atoms. With one exception, reactions of six N,N-disubstituted β-aminoalcohols with CDI to form N-alkylimidazoles proceed under relatively mild conditions and may occur by way of an aziridinium intermediate.
- Tang, Yuanqing,Dong, Yuxiang,Vennerstrom, Jonathan L.
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p. 2540 - 2544
(2007/10/03)
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- Substituted indolines which inhibit receptor tyrosine kinases
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Indolinones of the formula having an inhibitory effect on receptor tyrosine kinases and cyclin/CDK complexes, as well as on the proliferation of endothelial cells and various tumor cells. Exemplary are: (a) 3-Z-[1-(4-(piperidin-1-yl-methyl)-anilino)-1-phenyl-methylene]-6-ethoxycarbonyl-2-indolinone, (b) 3-Z-[(1-(4-(piperidin-1-yl-methyl)-anilino)-1-phenyl-methylene]-6-carbamoyl-2-indolinone, and (c) 3-Z-[1-(4-(piperidin-1-yl-methyl)-anilino)-1-phenyl-methylene]-6-metboxycarbonyl-2-indolinone.
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Page column 41
(2008/06/13)
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- Derivatives of 2-(iminomethyl)amino-phenyl, their preparation, their use as medicaments and the pharmaceutical compositions containing them
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The invention relates to new derivatives of 2-(iminomethyl)amino-phenyl which are NO synthase inhibitors and can trap reactive oxygen species. These compounds can notably be used for the treatment of stroke, of neurodegenerative diseases and of ischemic or hemorragic cardiac or cerebral infarctions. These compounds include: N-{4-[({[4-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]methyl}amino)methyl]phenyl}thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-{3-[({[4-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]methyl}amino)methyl]phenyl}thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-(4-{[{[4-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]methyl}(methyl)amino]methyl}phenyl)thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-[3-({[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl]amino}methyl)phenyl]thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-(3-{[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)amino]methyl}phenyl)thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-[3-({[2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}methyl)phenyl]thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-[3-({[3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diisopropylphenyl)propyl]amino}methyl)phenyl]thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-(3-{[(4-hydroxy-3,5-diisopropylbenzyl)amino]methyl}phenyl) thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-[3-({[2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diisopropylphenyl)ethyl]amino}methyl)phenyl]thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-N-1-(4-{[imino(thien-2-yl)methyl]amino}phenyl)-L-leucinamide; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
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- Inhibition of p38 kinase using symmetrical and unsymmetrical diphenyl ureas
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This invention relates to the use of a group of aryl ureas in treating cytokine mediated diseases and proteolytic enzyme mediated diseases, and pharmaceutical compositions for use in such therapy.
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- Inhibition of raf kinase using symmetrical and unsymmetrical substituted diphenyl ureas
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This invention relates to the use of a group of aryl ureas in treating raf mediated diseases, and pharmaceutical compositions for use in such therapy.
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- New derivatives of 2-(iminomethyl)amino-phenyl, their preparation, their use as medicaments and the pharmaceutical compositions containing them
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The invention relates to new derivatives of 2-(iminomethyl)amino-phenyl which are NO synthase inhibitors and can trap reactive oxygen species. These compounds can notably be used for the treatment of stroke, of neurodegenerative diseases and of ischemic or hemorragic cardiac or cerebral infarctions. These compounds include: N-{4-[({[4-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]methyl}amino)methyl]phenyl}thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-{3-[({[4-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]methyl}amino)methyl]phenyl}thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-(4-{[{[4-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]methyl}(methyl)amino]methyl}phenyl)thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-[3-({[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl]amino}methyl) phenyl]thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-(3-{[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)amino]methyl}phenyl) thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-[3-({[2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}methyl) phenyl]thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-[3-({[3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diisopropylphenyl)propyl]amino}methyl) phenyl]thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-(3-{[(4-hydroxy-3,5-diisopropylbenzyl)amino]methyl}phenyl) thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-[3-({[2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diisopropylphenyl)ethyl]amino}methyl) phenyl]thiophene-2-carboximidamide; N-2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-N-1-(4-{[imino(thien-2-yl)methyl]amino}phenyl)-L-leucinamide; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
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- INHIBITION OF RAF KINASE USING QUINOLYL, ISOQUINOLYL OR PYRIDYL UREAS
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This invention relates to a group of quinolyl, isoquinolyl and pyridyl ureas, their the use in treating raf mediated diseases, and pharmaceutical compositions which contain these ureas for use in such therapy.
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Page/Page column 14
(2010/11/29)
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- Heteroaryl ureas containing nitrogen hetero-atoms as p38 kinase inhibitors
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This invention relates to the use of a group of heteroaryl ureas containing nitrogen in treating p38 mediated diseases, and pharmaceutical compositions for use in such therapy.
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- Derivatives of 2-(iminomethyl)amino-phenyl, their preparation, their use as medicaments and the pharmaceutical compositions containing them
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A compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of the formula wherein A is selected from the group consisting of and the other substituents are defined in the specification having an inhibitory activity of NO-synthase enzymes producing nitrogen mono-oxide and/or an activity which traps the reactive oxygen species.
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Page column 86
(2008/06/13)
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- Synthesis and serotonergic activity of N,N-dimethyl-2-[5-(1,2,4-triazol- 1-ylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]ethylamine and analogues: Potent agonists for 5- HT(1D) receptors
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The synthesis and the 5-HT receptor activity of a novel series of N,N- dimethyltryptamines substituted in the 5-position with an imidazole, triazole, or tetrazole ring are described. The objective of this work was to identify potent and selective 5-HT(1D) receptor agonists with high oral bioavailability and low central nervous system penetration. Compounds have been prepared in which the azole ring is attached through either nitrogen or carbon to the indole. Conjugated and methylene-bridged derivatives have been studied (n = 0 or 1). Substitution of the azole ring has been explored either α or β to the point of attachment to indole. In a series of N-linked azoles (X = N), simple unsubstituted compounds have high affinity and selectivity for 5-HT(1D) receptors. It is proposed that for good affinity and selectivity a hydrogen bond acceptor interaction with the 5-HT(1D) receptor, through a β-nitrogen in the azole ring, is required. In a series of C-linked triazoles and tetrazoles (X = C), optimal affinity and selectivity for the 5-HT(1D) receptor was observed when the azole ring is substituted at the 1-position with a methyl or ethyl group. This study has led to the discovery of the 1,2,4-triazole 10a (MK-462) as a potent and selective 5-HT(1D) receptor agonist which has high oral bioavailability and rapid oral absorption. The in vitro activity and the preliminary pharmacokinetics of compounds in this series are presented.
- Street,Baker,Davey,Guiblin,Jelley,Reeve,Routledge,Sternfeld,Watt,Beer,Middlemiss,Noble,Stanton,Scholey,Hargreaves,Sohal,Graham,Matassa
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p. 1799 - 1810
(2007/10/02)
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- The Discovery of Potent Nonpeptide Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists: A New Class of Potent Antihypertensives
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A new class of potent antihypertensives has been discovered that exert their effect through blockade of the angiotensin II (AII) receptor.Most AII antagonists reported so far are peptide mimics of the endogenous vasoconstrictor octapeptide angiotensin II.The compounds of this paper are nonpeptides and therefore constitute a new class of potent AII receptor antagonists.Based on the overlap of a conformation of AII with literature lead 3, a hypothesis was developed suggesting the need for an additional acidic functionality to increase the lead's potency.The substitution of an additional carboxylic acid resulted in a 10-fold increase in binding affinity observed for diacid 4.The binding affinities for subsequent compounds were eventually increased 1000-fold over that of the literature leads through a systematic SAR study.Thus the AII receptor binding affinity 50 (μM)> of 15 μM for literature lead 1, for example, was increased to 0.018 and 0.012 μM for compounds 33 and 53.A structure-affinity relationship has been found requiring the presence of four key elements for good activity: (1) an additional phenyl ring at the N-benzyl para position of the benzylimidazole nucleus, (2) an acidic functionality at the ortho position of the terminal aromatic ring, (3) a lipophilic side chain at the imidazole 2-position of three to five carbon atoms in length, and (4) a group at the imidazole 5-position capable of hydrogen bonding.The synthesis as well as the pharmacological activity of the compounds in this new series of AII receptor antagonists are presented.
- Duncia, John V.,Chiu, Andrew T.,Carini, David J.,Gregory, George B.,Johnson, Alexander L.,et al.
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p. 1312 - 1329
(2007/10/02)
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- SUBSTITUTION NUCLEOPHYLE RADICALAIRE EN CHAINE (SRN1). 16eme MEMOIRE: N-ALCOYLATION DE L'IMIDAZOLE, DU BENZIMIDAZOLE, DU PYRRAZOLE ET DU TRIAZOLE
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The title amines behave as nucleophiles towards p-nitrobenzylchloride or variously funtionnalyzed gem-halo nitro alkanes in reactions responding to the classical criteria for the SRN1 mechanism.
- Beugelmans, Rene,Lechevalier, Andre
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p. 6209 - 6212
(2007/10/02)
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- An improved and convenient procedure for the synthesis of 1-substituted imidazoles
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1-Protected imidazoles, such as 1-acetyl- and 1-benzoylimidazoles, react with various halides, such as benzyl, allyl, α-keto, and alkyl halides, to give 1-protected-3-substituted imidazolium salts in high yields. The resultant imidazolium salts are easily deprotected by treatment with water or alcohols to give the corresponding 1-substituted imidazoles in excellent yields. In this reaction the yields of 1-substituted imidazoles vary with the kinds of halides used and/or with the protecting groups, and the yields increase in the following order: benzyl halides≥allyl halides~α-keto halides>alkyl halides, and acetyl≥benzoyl>ethoxycarbonyl>diethoxymethyl>trimethylsilyl>tosyl.
- Kamijo,Yamamoto,Harada,Iizuka
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p. 1213 - 1221
(2007/10/02)
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