- Synthesis of tetrahydropyrimidinium salts and their in situ catalytic activities towards the Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction under microwave irradiation
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A series of asymmetrical substituted tetrahydropyrimidinium salts and different kinds of bridged bistetrahydropyrimidinium salts were prepared through the quaterization of tetrahydropyrimidine or the dehydrogenation of hexahydropyrimidine. They were chara
- Yang, Liangru,Bian, Huanyu,Mai, Wenpeng,Mao, Pu,Xiao, Yongmei,Wei, Dong,Qu, Lingbo
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Read Online
- Microwave assisted solvent free amination of halo-(pyridine or pyrimidine) without transition metal catalyst
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A solvent free direct amination of halo-(pyridine or pyrimidine) has been developed in good to high yields under computer-controlled microwave irradiation without transition metal catalyst. This reaction is a solvent and metal free, useful method for coupling of halo-(pyridine or pyrimidine) with pyrrolidine and piperidine derivatives by nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr).
- Narayan, Sanjay,Seelhammer, Troy,Gawley, Robert E.
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Read Online
- Nickel-Catalyzed Amination of (Hetero)aryl Halides Facilitated by a Catalytic Pyridinium Additive
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An efficient and operationally simple Ni-catalyzed amination protocol has been developed. This methodology features a simple NiII salt, an organic base and catalytic amounts of both a pyridinium additive and Zn metal. A diverse number of (hetero)aryl halides were coupled successfully with primary and secondary alkyl amines, and anilines in good to excellent yields. Similarly, benzophenone imine gave the corresponding N-arylation product in an excellent yield.
- Han, Dongyang,Li, Sasa,Xia, Siqi,Su, Mincong,Jin, Jian
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supporting information
p. 12349 - 12354
(2020/09/09)
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- Decyanative Cross-Coupling of Cyanopyrimidines with O-, S-, and N-Nucleophiles: A Route to Alkoxylpyrimidines, Aminopyrimidines and Alkylthiopyrimidines
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The transition metal-free cross-coupling reactions of cyanopyrimidines with aliphatic alcohols, thiols (or S-alkylisothiourea salts) and amines, giving the corresponding alkoxylpyrimidines, aminopyrimidines, and alkylthiopyrimidines, are reported. Prelimi
- Wei, Xiangyang,Zhang, Caiyang,Wang, Yifei,Zhan, Qi,Qiu, Guiying,Fan, Ling,Yin, Guodong
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p. 7142 - 7150
(2019/11/14)
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- Methyl-α-d-glucopyranoside as Green Ligand for Selective Copper-Catalyzed N-Arylation
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In the selective N-arylation of amines or azoles with aryl halidesa-, methyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (MG) was found to function as a green ligand of copper powder. In addition, nitrogen heterocyclic amine compounds can also undergo the N-arylation coupling with heterocyclic aryl chlorides. This process allows access to a variety of aromatic amines and aryl azoles under mild reaction conditions, has good tolerance, and proceeds in moderate to high yield.
- Chen, Fengyang,Chen, Guoliang,Chen, Yuanguang,Du, Fangyu,Zhou, Qifan
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p. 4590 - 4600
(2019/12/11)
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- Cu(II)-catalyzed C-N coupling of (hetero)aryl halides and N-Nucleophiles promoted by α-benzoin oxime
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We first reported the new application of a translate metal chelating ligand α-benzoin oxime for improving Cu-catalyzed C-N coupling reactions. The system could catalyse coupling reactions of (hetero)aryl halides with a wide of nucleophiles (e.g., azoles, piperidine, pyrrolidine and amino acids) in moderate to excellent yields. The protocol allows rapid access to the most common scaαolds found in FDA-approved pharmaceuticals.
- Yuan, Chunling,Zhang, Lei,Zhao, Yingdai
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- HFIP Promoted Low-Temperature SNAr of Chloroheteroarenes Using Thiols and Amines
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A highly efficient and an unprecedented hexafluoro-2-propanol, promoting low-temperature aromatic nucleophilic substitutions of chloroheteroarenes, has been performed using thiols and (secondary) amines under base-free and metal-free conditions. The developed protocol also provides excellent regio-control for the selective functionalization of dichloroheteroarenes, while the utility of the protocol was demonstrated by the modification of a commercially available drug ceritinib.
- Bhujabal, Yuvraj B.,Vadagaonkar, Kamlesh S.,Gholap, Aniket,Sanghvi, Yogesh S.,Dandela, Rambabu,Kapdi, Anant R.
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p. 15343 - 15354
(2019/12/04)
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- Containing pyridine methyl of cabeen arrowhead ring enlargement nitrogen heterocyclic compound (by machine translation)
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The invention belongs to the field of organic compounds, relates to clamp ring enlargement nitrogen heterocyclic cabeen arrowhead compound. This compound has the following structure: Compounds of the invention are C - N coupling reaction provide a new class of metal catalyst, for catalytic C - N coupling reaction time, the reaction time is short, less catalyst levels, the use of inexpensive and easily obtained alkali, reaction solvent without processing, the operation is simple, catalytic high yield. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0062-0065
(2017/10/31)
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- Transition-Metal-Free Cross-Coupling Reactions in Dynamic Thin Films To Access Pyrimidine and Quinoxaline Analogues
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The vortex fluidic device (VFD) is effective in modulating the synthesis of pyrimidine and quinoxaline-based compounds at room temperature and in high yield. The formation of the C–N bond occurs in the absence of a transition-metal catalyst, which avoids the contamination of the products with trace amounts of a transition metal. The systematic investigation of the operating parameters for the microfluidic platform in the confined operation mode established an optimum tilt angle of 45° for a 10 mm diameter borosilicate glass tube rotating at 5000 rpm.
- Ho, Louisa A.,Raston, Colin L.,Stubbs, Keith A.
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supporting information
p. 5957 - 5963
(2016/12/26)
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- Orally Bioavailable Metal Chelators and Radical Scavengers: Multifunctional Antioxidants for the Coadjutant Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with oxidative stress that is induced by the presence of reactive oxygen species and the abnormal cellular accumulation of transition metals. Here, a new series of orally bioavailable multifunctional antioxidants (MFAO-2s) possessing a 2-diacetylamino-5-hydroxypyrimidine moiety is described. These MFAO-2s demonstrate both free radical and metal attenuating properties that are similar to the original published MFAO-1s that are based on 1-N,N′-dimethylsulfamoyl-1-4-(2-pyrimidyl)piperazine. Oral bioavailability studies in C57BL/6 mice demonstrate that the MFAO-2s accumulate in the brain at significantly higher levels than the MFAO-1s while achieving similar neural retina levels. The MFAO-2s protect human neuroblastoma and retinal pigmented epithelial cells against hydroxyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner by maintaining cell viability and intracellular glutathione levels. The MFAO-2s outperform clioquinol, a metal attenuator that has been investigated for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
- Kawada, Hiroyoshi,Kador, Peter F.
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p. 8796 - 8805
(2015/12/09)
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- NEUROPROTECTIVE MULTIFUNCTIONAL ANTIOXIDANTS AND THEIR MONOFUNCTIONAL ANALOGS
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The neuroprotective multifunctional antioxidants are compounds that contain a 2-diacetylamino-5-hydroxypyrimidine moiety, having the structural formula: wherein R1 is CH2 or C2H4; R2 is H or —OR4 where R4 is H or aryl; and R3a and R3b are independently selected from the group consisting of H and —O-alkyl. The antioxidants are orally bioavailable metal-attenuating multifunctional antioxidants that can independently attenuate transition metals, as well as scavenger free radicals. The multifunctional antioxidant compounds, by their ability to independently chelate metals, such as Fe, Cu or Zn, and scavenge free radicals generated from different sources, are neuroprotective and are beneficial for the treatment of various neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ALS, traumatic brain injury, ocular disorders, such as cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and other retinal degeneration, as well as for reducing the progression of diabetic complications.
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Paragraph 0077
(2014/09/03)
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- Amination of heteroaryl chlorides: Palladium catalysis or SNAr in green solvents?
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The reaction of heteroaryl chlorides in the pyrimidine, pyrazine and quinazoline series with amines in water in the presence of KF results in a facile SNAr reaction and N-arylation. The reaction is less satisfactory with pyridines unless an add
- Walsh, Katie,Sneddon, Helen F.,Moody, Christopher J.
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p. 1455 - 1460
(2013/09/12)
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- Preparation of pyrrole and pyrrolidine derivatives of pyrimidine. 1-(2-Pyrimidinyl)pyrrole - An inhibitor of X. Phaseoli and X. Malvacearum
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Pyrrole and pyrrolidine derivatives of pyrimidine were prepared in which the nitrogen atom of the pyrrole or pyrrolidine ring is bonded directly to the 2- or 4-carbon atom of the pyrimidine ring. Pyrrole derivatives were prepared by the dry distillation of an intimate mixture of an aminopyrimidine with mucic acid and by the reaction of a chloropyrimidine with potassium pyrrole. Pyrrolidine derivatives were prepared by the reaction of a chloropyrimidine with pyrrolidine and, in a single instance, by the catalytic hydrogenation of a pyrimidinylpyrrole. At a concentration of 200 mcg/mL, 1-(2-pyrimidinyl)pyrrole inhibited two plant pathogenic bacteria -Xanthomanus phaseoli (pathogenic on the bean plant) and Xanthomanus malvacearum (pathogenic on the cotton plant).
- Becker, Irwin
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p. 343 - 348
(2007/10/03)
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- Rationally designed guanidine and amidine fungicides
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A previous investigation established that compounds containing a guanidinium or amidinium grouping are effective inhibitors of sterol Δ8-Δ7 isomerase and/or Δ14 reductase activity in plant pathogenic fungi. A binding model for known fungicidal inhibitors of this enzyme has now been used to rationally design further guanidinium or amidinium inhibitors. Three novel classes of chemistry were investigated. The results of biochemical testing against ergosterol biosynthesis in Ustilago maydis (DC) Corda and of in-vivo testing for fungicidal activity against Erysiphe graminis DC f. sp. hordei Marchal (powdery mildew of barley), do much to support the binding model, and compounds with significant fungicidal activity have been found.
- Liebeschuetz,Katz,Duriatti,Arnold
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p. 258 - 274
(2007/10/03)
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