- Highly Active Fe3O4@SBA-15@NHC-Pd Catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction
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A novel Pd-NHC functionalized magnetic Fe3O4@SBA-15@NHC-Pd was synthesized and used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in the Suzuki–Miyaura C–C bond formation reactions. The Fe3O4@SBA-15@NHC-Pd characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy?(TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA). The Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES)?analysis was used to determine the exact amount of Pd (0.33?wt%) in Fe3O4@SBA-15@NHC-Pd. The TEM images of the catalyst showed the existence of palladium nanoparticles immobilized in the catalyst's structure, while no reducing agent was used. The NHC moieties in the catalyst structure could be stabilize Pd(0) nanoparticles prevents agglomeration. The magnetic catalyst was effectively used in the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of substituted phenylboronic acid derivatives with (hetero)aryl bromides in the presence of a K2CO3 at room temperature in aqueous media and magnetic catalyst could be simply extracted from the reaction mixture by an external magnet. Different aryl bromides were converted to coupled-products in excellent yields with spectacular TOFs values (up to 1,960,339?h?1); in the presence of 1?mg of Fe3O4@SBA-15@NHC-Pd catalyst (contains 3.1 × 10–6?mol% Pd) at room temperature in aqueous media. After reusability experiments, it is found that this catalyst was effectively used up to ten times in the reaction with almost consistent catalytic efficiency. A decrease in the activity of the 10th reused catalyst was found as 9%. Graphic Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- ?zdemir, ?smail,Akko?, Mitat,Alt?n, Serdar,Bu?day, Nesrin,Ya?ar, Sedat
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- Magnetite@MCM-41 nanoparticles as support material for Pd-N-heterocyclic carbene complex: A magnetically separable catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura reaction
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The Magnetite@MCM-41@NHC@Pd catalyst was obtained with Pd metal bound to the NHC ligand anchored to the surface of Fe3O4@MCM-41. It was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy disperse X-ray analysis (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The amount of Pd in the Magnetite@MCM-41@NHC@Pd was measure by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. The catalytic activity of Magnetite@MCM-41@NHC@Pd heterogeneous catalyst done on Suzuki–Miyaura reactions of aryl halides with different substituted arylboronic acid derivatives. All coupling reactions afforded excellent yields and up to 408404 Turnover Frequency (TOF) h?1 in the presence of 2 mg of Magnetite@MCM-41@NHC@Pd catalyst (0.0564 mmol g?1, 0.01127 mmol% Pd) at room temperature in 2-propanol/H2O (1:2). Moreover, Magnetite@MCM-41@NHC@Pd catalyst was recover by applying the magnet and reused for another reaction. The catalyst showed excellent structural and chemical stability and reused ten times without a substantial loss in its catalytic performance.
- Akko?, Mitat,Bu?day, Nesrin,Alt?n, Serdar,Ya?ar, Sedat
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- N-heterocyclic carbene Pd(II) complex supported on Fe3O4@SiO2: Highly active, reusable and magnetically separable catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in aqueous media
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A new type magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2@NHC@Pd-MNPs heterogeneous catalyst was fabricated and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Energy Disperse X-ray analysis (EDX), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The loading amount of Palladium (Pd) to magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2@NHC@Pd-MNPs was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. The catalytic activity of magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2@NHC@Pd-MNPs heterogeneous catalyst was examined on Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with different substituted arylboronic acid derivatives. All coupling reactions yielded excellent results and high TOF (up to 76528 h?1) in the presence of 2 mg of Fe3O4@SiO2@NHC@Pd-MNPs catalyst (0.0197 mmolg?1, 0.00394 mmol%Pd) at 80 °C in 2-propanol/H2O (1:2). In addition, the magnetic nano Fe3O4@SiO2@NHC@Pd-MNPs catalyst was easily recovered by using an external Nd-magnet and reused for the Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. The catalyst showed strong structural and chemical stability and was reused six times without losing its catalytic activity substantially.
- Akko?, Mitat,Bu?day, Nesrin,Alt?n, Serdar,Kiraz, Nadir,Ya?ar, Sedat,?zdemir, ?smail
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- Preparation of Polyfunctional Arylzinc Organometallics in Toluene by Halogen/Zinc Exchange Reactions
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A wide range of polyfunctional diaryl- and diheteroarylzinc species were prepared in toluene within 10 min to 5 h through an I/Zn or Br/Zn exchange reaction using bimetallic reagents of the general formula R′2Zn?2 LiOR (R′=sBu, tBu, pTol). Highly sensitive functional groups, such as a triazine, a ketone, an aldehyde, or a nitro group, were tolerated in these exchange reactions, enabling the synthesis of a plethora of functionalized (hetero)arenes after quenching with various electrophiles. Insight into the constitution and reactivity of these bimetallic mixtures revealed the formation of highly active lithium diorganodialkoxyzincates of type [R′2Zn(OR)2Li2].
- Balkenhohl, Moritz,Ziegler, Dorothée S.,Desaintjean, Alexandre,Bole, Leonie J.,Kennedy, Alan R.,Hevia, Eva,Knochel, Paul
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supporting information
p. 12898 - 12902
(2019/07/31)
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- Metal-free directed ortho C-H iodination: Synthesis of 2'-iodobiaryl-2- carbonitriles
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Metal-free directed ortho C-H iodination of biaryl-2-carbonitriles was developed. A series of 2'-iodobiaryl-2-carbonitriles were synthesized from substituted biphenylcarbonitriles and naphthylbenzonitriles in reasonably good yields by using bis(pyridine)iodonium(I) tetrafluoroborate (IPy 2BF4, Barluenga's reagent) and HBF4· OEt2. The biaryl-2-carbonitriles are useful precursors for the synthesis of benzocyclic ketones. Metal-free directed ortho C-H iodination of biaryl-2-carbonitriles is efficiently performed in good yields by using bis(pyridine)iodonium(I) tetrafluoroborate (IPy2BF4, Barluenga's reagent) and HBF4·OEt2. Copyright
- Sarkar, Satinath,Jana, Manoranjan,Narender, Tadigoppula
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supporting information
p. 6491 - 6495
(2013/11/06)
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