- The synthesis and evaluation of new carbocyclic pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside analogs
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New carbocyclic pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside analogs were synthesized with the key intermediate, 4-amino-6-bromo-5-cyanopyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidine (2), by SN2 reaction. One of the products, 4-amino-6-bromo-1- cyclopentyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide (9), showed significant anti-proliferative activity to the human ovarian cancer PA-1 cells (IC50: 3.9 μM). Based on the biological effects and the functional group characteristics of the compound 9, other carbocyclic nucleoside analogs related to the compound 9 were synthesized with key intermediate 2 by a Pd(0)-catalyzed coupling reaction. As expected, syn-4-amino-6-bromo-7-[4-(methoxymethyl)-2- cyclopenten-1-yl]- 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide (15) showed very similar antiproliferative activity (IC50: 2.6 μM) when compared to compound 9.
- Lee, Jongbok,Seo, Hyewon,Yoon, Sangeun,Choi, Kowoon,Lee, Chul-Hoon,Rheea, Hakjune
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- An expeditious total synthesis of 50-Deoxy-toyocamycin and 50-Deoxysangivamycin
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In present paper, an expeditious total synthesis of naturally occurring 50-deoxytoyocamycin and 50-deoxysangivamycin was accomplished. Because of the introduction of a benzoyl group at N-6 of 4-amino-5-cyano-6-bromo-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine, a Vorbrüggen glycosylation with 1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-5-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranose afforded a completely regioselective N-9 glycosylation product, which is unambiguously confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. All of the involved intermediates were well characterized by various spectra.
- Dong, Xiangyou,Tang, Jie,Hu, Chen,Bai, Jiang,Ding, Haixin,Xiao, Qiang
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- Effects of a novel carbocyclic analog of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside on pleiotropic induction of cell death in prostate cancer cells with different androgen responsiveness
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Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and is one of the leading causes of male cancer death in the world. Recently, in the course of our screening for a novel anticancer compound, we synthesized carbocyclic analogs of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside; compounds 5, and 6. In the current study, we report the effects of compound 5 on pleiotropic induction of cell death via up-regulation of AR-associated p21Cip1 protein in prostate cancer cells with different androgen responsiveness, such as LNCaP (androgen-dependent and -sensitive), LNCaPC4-2 (androgen-independent and -sensitive; androgen-refractory), and DU145 (androgen-independent and -insensitive) cells. The treatment of LNCaP cells with 6 μM compound 5 for 24 h stimulated the androgen receptor (AR) activity and dramatically up-regulated transcription (56-fold) of p21Cip1, which, in turn, induces typical apoptosis in the cells. However, induction of apoptosis through up-regulation (23-fold) of AR-associated p21Cip1 achieved in LNCaPC4-2 cells was possible by intensive cell treatment with compound 5 (9 μM, 48 h), because the cells are less sensitive and independent to androgen than LNCaP cells. Furthermore, 6 μM compound 5-treated DU145 cells, which exhibit extremely low AR activation due to no androgen responsiveness and dependency, showed neither up-regulation of p21Cip1 nor apoptotic induction. Instead, a different type of cell death, autophagy-like death through the LC3B-associated autophagosome formation, was obviously induced in DU145 cells. Taken together, our results suggest that pleiotropic induction of prostate cancer cell death by compound 5 is determined by how efficiently and how abundantly androgen-dependent activation of the AR occurs, whereas compound 6 shows no induction of apoptosis in LNCaP cells.
- Suh, Hyewon,Choi, Ko-woon,Ryou, Chongsuk,Lee, Chul-Hoon,Lee, Jongbok,Rhee, Hakjune
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- An improved synthesis of the versatile heterocycle, 4-amino-6-bromo-5- cyanopyrrolo [2,3-d]pyrimidine
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A fast and efficient method was developed for the preparation of 4- amino-6-bromo-5-cyanopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine from 2-amino-5-bromo-3,4- dicyanopyrrole, triethylorthoformate and ethanolic ammonia. Pure product was obtained in higher yields and in less
- Porcari, Anthony R.,Townsend, Leroy B.
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- Design and Synthesis of Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-Derived Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) Inhibitors Using a Checkpoint Kinase 1 (CHK1)-Derived Crystallographic Surrogate
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Inhibitors of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and mutants, such as G2019S, have potential utility in Parkinson’s disease treatment. Fragment hit-derived pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines underwent optimization using X-ray structures of LRRK2 kinase domain surrogates, based on checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) and a CHK1 10-point mutant. (2R)-2-Methylpyrrolidin-1-yl derivative 18 (LRRK2 G2019S cKi0.7 nM, LE 0.66) was identified, with increased potency consistent with an X-ray structure of 18 /CHK1 10-pt. mutant showing the 2-methyl substituent proximal to Ala147 (Ala2016 in LRRK2). Further structure-guided elaboration of 18 gave the 2-[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)amino] derivative 32 . Optimization of 32 afforded diastereomeric oxolan-3-yl derivatives 44 and 45 , which demonstrated a favorablein vitroPK profile, although they displayed species disconnects in thein vivoPK profile, and a propensity for P-gp- and/or BCRP-mediated efflux in a mouse model. Compounds 44 and 45 demonstrated high potency and exquisite selectivity for LRRK2 and utility as chemical probes for the study of LRRK2 inhibition.
- Williamson, Douglas S.,Smith, Garrick P.,Mikkelsen, Gitte K.,Jensen, Thomas,Acheson-Dossang, Pamela,Badolo, Lassina,Bedford, Simon T.,Chell, Victoria,Chen, I-Jen,Dokurno, Pawel,Hentzer, Morten,Newland, Samantha,Ray, Stuart C.,Shaw, Terry,Surgenor, Allan E.,Terry, Lindsey,Wang, Yikang,Christensen, Kenneth V.
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supporting information
p. 10312 - 10332
(2021/07/26)
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- New small molecule inhibitors of histone methyl transferase DOT1L with a nitrile as a non-traditional replacement for heavy halogen atoms
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A number of new nucleoside derivatives are disclosed as inhibitors of DOT1L activity. SARs established that DOT1L inhibition could be achieved through incorporation of polar groups and small heterocycles at the 5-position (5, 6, 12) or by the application of alternative nitrogenous bases (18). Based on these results, CN-SAH (19) was identified as a potent and selective inhibitor of DOT1L activity where the polar 5-nitrile group was shown by crystallography to bind in the hydrophobic pocket of DOT1L. In addition, we show that a polar nitrile group can be used as a non-traditional replacement for heavy halogen atoms.
- Spurr, Sophie S.,Bayle, Elliott D.,Yu, Wenyu,Li, Fengling,Tempel, Wolfram,Vedadi, Masoud,Schapira, Matthieu,Fish, Paul V.
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p. 4518 - 4522
(2016/08/24)
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- Selectivity between N-1 and N-7 nucleosides: Regioselective synthesis of BMK-Y101, a potent cdk7 and 9 inhibitor
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BMK-Y101 is a new pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-based potent cdk7 and 9 inhibitor, which is characterized by an intriguing structural feature of N-1 nucleoside, departing from previously reported N-7 nucleoside Cdk inhibitor, xylocydine. Though N-1 nucleosides have appeared in the literature, they have often been considered as kinetic products and thus intermediates of N-7 glycosylation. In the course of the synthetic studies of xylocydine derivatives, we have developed a highly regioselective method to obtain the N-1 nucleoside. The origin of the selectivity is apparently based on the reactivity of the silylated nucleobase and the stability of the resulting N-1 nucleoside. The choice of BSA as a silylating agent was critical in securing the N-1 nucleoside, BMK-Y101. On the other hand, proper selection of reaction conditions promoting transglycosylation provides an efficient route to N-7 nucleosides.
- Kim, Young-Jong,Kwon, Soon Ho,Bae, Il Hak,Kim, B. Moon
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supporting information
p. 5484 - 5488
(2013/09/23)
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- CDK-INHIBITING PYRROLOPYRIMIDINONE CARBOXAMIDE DERIVATIVE OR PHARMACEUTICALLY ACCEPTABLE SALT THEREOF, AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION CONTAINING SAME AS ACTIVE INGREDIENT FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING LIVER CELL CANCER
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The present invention relates to a CDK-inhibiting pyrrolopyrimidinone carboxamide derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing same as an active ingredient for preventing or treating liver cell canc
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Paragraph 0045
(2013/09/26)
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- CDK-INHIBITING PYRROLOPYRIMIDINONE CARBOXAMIDE DERIVATIVE OR PHARMACEUTICALLY ACCEPTABLE SALT THEREOF, AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE SAME AS ACTIVE INGREDIENT FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
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The present invention relates to a CDK-inhibiting pyrrolopyrimidinone carboxamide derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing same as an active ingredient for preventing or treating liver cell canc
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Paragraph 0099; 0100; 0101; 0102
(2013/09/26)
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- Nitrile reductase from Geobacillus kaustophilus: A potential catalyst for a new nitrile biotransformation reaction
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The cloning, expression and characterization of a nitrile reductase (NRed) from the thermophile Geobacillus kaustophilus is reported. The enzyme shows a 12-fold increase in activity in response to a temperature change from 25 °C to 65 °C. The substrate scope regarding its biocatalytic applicability was investigated by testing a range of common nitriles. The narrow substrate range observed for the wild-type enzyme prompted the rational design of GkNRed active site mutants based on a previously published homology model from Bacillus subtilis. The activities of the mutants and the wild-type enzyme were investigated in their structure-function relationship regarding the natural substrate 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0) as well as a range of synthesized preQ0-like substrate structures. A distinct dependence of the wild-type enzyme activity on specific structural modifications of the natural substrate was observed. Two non-natural nitriles derived from preQ 0 could be reduced to their corresponding amino compounds. Copyright
- Wilding, Birgit,Winkler, Margit,Petschacher, Barbara,Kratzer, Regina,Glieder, Anton,Klempier, Norbert
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p. 2191 - 2198
(2012/11/06)
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- Synthesis of 6-(het) ary Xylocydine analogues and evaluating their inhibitory activities of CDK1 and CDK2 in vitro
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A series of purine nucleoside analogues bearing an aryl and hetaryl group in position 6 were prepared and their biological activities were assessed by in vitro CDK1/Cyclin B1 and CDK2/Cyclin A2 kinase assay. From the synthesized chemicals, three Xylocydine derivatives 3h, 3i, and 3j exhibited specific inhibitory activities on CDK2/Cyclin A2 with IC50 values of 4.6, 4.8, and 55 μM, respectively. Those three compounds all induced G1/S phase arrest in Human epithelial carcinoma cell line (HeLa), and the results suggested they may inhibit CDK2 activity in vitro. Furthermore, molecular modeling study, their docking into Cyclin Dependant Kinase 2 (CDK2) active site showed high docking scores. Taken together, these data suggest that, those three compounds are good inhibitors of CDK2 for studying this kinase signal transduction pathway in cell system.
- Xiao, Chuan,Sun, Chao,Han, Weiwei,Pan, Feng,Dan, Zhu,Li, Yu,Song, Zhi-Guang,Jin, Ying-Hua
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p. 7100 - 7110
(2012/01/14)
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