- Saccharomonosporine A inspiration; synthesis of potent analogues as potential PIM kinase inhibitors
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Saccharomonosporine A was recently reported as a natural anti-cancer agent working through inhibition of a Proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus-1 (PIM-1) kinase. Structural bioisosteres of this natural product were synthesized and t
- Abdel-Rahman, Hamdy M.,Abdelmohsen, Usama Ramadan,Aboulmagd, Asmaa M.,Hassan, Hossam M.,Sayed, Ahmed M.
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p. 6752 - 6762
(2020/03/03)
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- Visible-Light-Mediated Dearomatisation of Indoles and Pyrroles to Pharmaceuticals and Pesticides
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Dearomatisation of indole derivatives to the corresponding isatin derivatives has been achieved with the aid of visible light and oxygen. It should be noted that isatin derivatives are highly important for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and bioactive compounds. Notably, this chemistry works excellently with N-protected and protection-free indoles. Additionally, this methodology can also be applied to dearomatise pyrrole derivatives to generate cyclic imides in a single step. Later this methodology was applied for the synthesis of four pharmaceuticals and a pesticide called dianthalexin B. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed the actual role of oxygen and photocatalyst.
- Schilling, Waldemar,Zhang, Yu,Riemer, Daniel,Das, Shoubhik
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supporting information
p. 390 - 395
(2019/12/15)
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- Indolone compound as well as preparation method and application thereof
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The invention relates to an indolone compound, which is 1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-(hydroxyimino)-4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-dihydroindol-2-one. The indolone compound can be used for effectively inhibiting the activity of an hTERT gene promoter; shown by a s
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- Method for preparing indole-2,3-dione derivatives by catalytic oxidation of microwave copper/peroxyacetic acid
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The invention discloses a method for preparing indole-2,3-dione derivatives by catalytic oxidation of microwave copper/peroxyacetic acid. The method comprises the following steps: a catalytic amount of catalyst copper iodide, indole, a derivative of the indole and peroxyacetic acid are added into a reaction vessel, wherein the indole, the derivative of the indole and the peroxyacetic acid are usedas raw materials, ethanol is used as a solvent, the reaction vessel is placed into a microwave reaction instrument, a reaction is performed at certain temperature and power, after a certain time, reduced-pressure concentration is performed, and a product is purified by column chromatography. The method provided by the invention is a method having novel raw materials, simple operation and high efficiency used for preparing a benzimidazole derivative; and compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention has an obviously-accelerated reaction speed than that under conventional heating, mild reaction conditions, simple operation, a high yield, safety, low costs and environmental protection.
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Paragraph 0024; 0037
(2018/09/08)
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- Inhibitor of the human telomerase reverse trancriptase (hTERT) gene promoter induces cell apoptosis via a mitochondrial-dependent pathway
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Telomerase is aberrantly expressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the development of cellular immortality and oncogenesis, which makes it a potential cancer therapeutic target for drug discovery. Here, we constructed a firefly luciferase r
- Li, Yuyin,Pan, Guojun,Chen, Yue,Yang, Qian,Hao, Tiantian,Zhao, Lianbo,Zhao, Long,Cong, Yusheng,Diao, Aipo,Yu, Peng
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p. 370 - 378
(2018/01/17)
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- Methylisoindigo and its bromo-derivatives are selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors, repressing cellular stat3 activity, and target CD133+ cancer stem cells in PDAC
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Indirubin is an active component of the herbal ingredient 'Danggui Longhui wan', which was used for the treatment of inflammation and chronic myeloid leukemia in China. The recent study showed its derivative methylisoindigo (also known as meisoindigo) preferentially targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) in interference with AMPK and LKB1, the cellular metabolic sensors. In this study, we screened the effect of meisoindigo on a panel of 300 protein kinases and found that it selectively inhibited Stat3-associated tyrosine kinases and further confirmed its activity in cell based assays. To gain a deeper insight into the structure-activity relationship we produced 7 bromo-derivatives exhausting the accessible positions on the bisindole backbone except for in the 4-position due to the space limitation. We compared their anti-proliferative effects on tumor cells. We found that 6-bromomeisoindigo showed improved toxicity in company with increased Stat3 inhibition. Moreover, we detected that 6-bromomeisoindigo induced apoptosis of 95% of CD133+ pancreatic cancer cells. Considering that CD133 is a common marker highly expressed in a range of CSCs, our results imply the potential application of 6-bromomeisoindigo for the treatment of CSCs in different types of cancers.
- Tegethoff, Jana,Bischoff, Roland,Saleh, Sawsan,Blagojevic, Biljana,Merz, Karl-Heinz,Cheng, Xinlai
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- An efficient method based on indoles for the synthesis of isatins by taking advantage of I2O5 as oxidant
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An efficient method to synthesize isatins based on indoles by using inorganic hypervalent I2O5 has been explored in good yields, which successfully realized the transformation from indoles to isatins under metal-free, mild condition
- Wang, Ci-Ping,Jiang, Guo-Fang
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supporting information
p. 1747 - 1750
(2017/04/13)
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- A 3 - substituted indole oxo jingjing base ketone derivative and its preparation method and application
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The invention relates to derivatives of 3-oxo-hydrazino-subsitituted 2-oxindoles and a preparation method and application of derivatives. A structural formula (I) of the derivatives is shown in graphs; R2 is hydrogen, halogen or alkyl; meta-aniline is used as material and subjected to a series of reactions, including oximization, cyclization, heck-coupling, alkylation and hydrazine forming to obtain the derivatives of 3-oxo-hydrazino-subsitituted 2-oxindoles; the derivatives are worth of application in the preparation of antineoplastic drugs.
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Paragraph 0024; 0026; 0027; 0028
(2017/08/26)
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- A 3 - sulfur [...] substituted indole derivative and its preparation method and application
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The invention relates to a 3-thiohydrazine group substituted indolone derivative as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The structural general formula of the derivative is as shown in a general formula (I), wherein R1 is hydrogen or alkyl or benzyl; and the 3-thiohydrazine group substituted indolone derivative is synthesized from meta-aniline as a raw material by a series of reactions such as oxime formation, cyclization, Heck-Coupling, alkylation and hydrazine formation, and has application value in preparation of anti-tumor medicines.
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Paragraph 0023; 0024; 0025
(2017/08/25)
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- A 3 - arylhydrazine substituted indole derivative and its preparation method and application
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The invention relates to a 3-aryl hydrazine substituted indolone derivative, as well as a preparation method and application thereof. According to the derivative described in the Specification, R is hydrogen, 4-methyl, 4-chloro, 3,4-dichloro, 3,5-dichloro
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- Utilizing Solubility differences to achieve regiocontrol in the synthesis of substituted quinoline-4-carboxylic acids
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A practical method for the regiocontrolled synthesis of substituted quinoline-4-carboxylic acids is described. Solubility differences between the product quinoline regioisomers enable their facile separation, thus avoiding any challenging chromatographic purifications and allowing access to highly substituted quinoline compounds in three steps from commercially available anilines.
- Lindsay-Scott, Peter J.,Barlow, Helen
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supporting information
p. 1516 - 1520
(2016/06/14)
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- Synthesis, modification and docking studies of 5-sulfonyl isatin derivatives as SARS-CoV 3C-like protease inhibitors
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The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a serious life-threatening and strikingly mortal respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV. SARS-CoV which contains a chymotrypsin-like main protease analogous to that of the main picornavirus protease, 3CLpro. 3CLpro plays a pivotal role in the viral replication cycle and is a potential target for SARS inhibitor development. A series of isatin derivatives as possible SARS-CoV 3CL pro inhibitors was designed, synthesized, and evaluated by in vitro protease assay using fluorogenic substrate peptide, in which several showed potent inhibition against the 3CLpro. Structure-activity relationship was analyzed, and possible binding interaction modes were proposed by molecular docking studies. Among all compounds, 8k1 showed most potent inhibitory activity against 3CLpro (IC50 = 1.04 μM). These results indicated that these inhibitors could be potentially developed into anti-SARS drugs.
- Liu, Wei,Zhu, He-Min,Niu, Guo-Jun,Shi, En-Zhi,Chen, Jie,Sun, Bo,Chen, Wei-Qiang,Zhou, Hong-Gang,Yang, Cheng
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p. 292 - 302
(2014/01/17)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5′-phenyl-3′H-spiro- [indoline-3,2′-[1,3,4]oxadiazol]-2-one analogs
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A series of 5′-phenyl-3′H-spiro[indoline-3,2′-[1,3,4] thiadiazol]-2-one analogs were synthesized and their Bcl-2 protein inhibitory activities were studied. The lead compound was originally identified using a fluorescence polarization-based competitive binding assay. Among the 10 compounds investigated, 1k showed good binding affinities to Bcl-xL and Mcl-1, with inhibition constants of 8.9 μmol/L and 3.4 μmol/L, respectively. While compound 1c achieved tight binding affinities to Bcl-xL (Ki = 0.16 μmol/L), has the potential to be a new lead compound.
- Liu, Hua-Quan,Wang, De-Cai,Wu, Fei,Tang, Wei,Ouyang, Ping-Kai
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p. 929 - 933
(2013/09/24)
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- Novel synthesis of 4-or 6-substituted indirubin derivatives
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A simple and convenient route for synthesis of a series of 4-or 6-substituted indirubin derivatives by oxidation and subsequent condensation of indoxyl and isatin is described. Acidic reaction conditions are crucial to the condensation of 4-substituted derivatives, whereas for the condensation of 6-substituted derivatives, both acidic and basic conditions work well. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Zhang, Aiying,Yu, Mingfeng,Lan, Tian,Liu, Zenglu,Mao, Zhenmin
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experimental part
p. 3125 - 3134
(2010/12/24)
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- Structure - activity relationship studies leading to the identification of (2E)-3-[l-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-5-fluoro-3-methyl-lH-indol-7-yl]-N-[(4, 5-dichloro-2-thienyl)sulfonyl]-2-propenamide (DG-041), a potent and selective prostanoid EP3 receptor antagonist, as a novel antiplatelet agent that does not prolong bleeding
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The EP3 receptor on the platelet mediates prostaglandin E 2 potentiation of thrombogenic coagonists including collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). A pharmacophore driven approach led to the identification of diverse peri-substituted heterocycles as potent and selective EP3 receptor antagonists. A simultaneous chemical optimization and druglike assessment of prioritized molecules converged on a lead compound 50 (DG-041) that displayed favorable in vitro and functional activities as an inhibitor of human platelet aggregation. This agent is currently in human clinical trials for the treatment of atherothrombosis.
- Singh, Jasbir,Zeller, Wayne,Zhou, Nian,Hategan, Georgeta,Mishra, Rama K.,Polozov, Alex,Yu, Peng,Onua, Emmanuel,Zhang, Jun,Ramírez, José L.,Sigthorsson, Gudmundur,Thorsteinnsdottir, Margret,Kiselyov, Alex S.,Zembower, David E.,Andrésson, Thorkell,Gurney, Mark E.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 18 - 36
(2010/04/26)
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- Counter-current chromatography separation of isatin derivatives using the sandmeyer methodology
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A rapid and efficient method, using high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) technique, was developed for the separation of isomeric isatin derivatives, prepared following the Sandmeyer route. The biphasic solvent system composed of hexane:ethyl acetate:ethanol:water 1:0.5:0.5:1 (v/v/v/v) was used for all separations.
- Almeida, Ma?rcia R.,Leita?o, Gilda G.,Silva, Ba?rbara V.,Barbosa, Jussara P.,Pintoa, Angelo C.
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scheme or table
p. 764 - 769
(2010/08/13)
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- Structure-based design and parallel synthesis of N-benzyl isatin oximes as JNK3 MAP kinase inhibitors
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A series of N-benzylated isatin oximes were developed as inhibitors of the mitogen-activated kinase, JNK3. X-ray crystallographic structures aided in the design and synthesis of novel, selective compounds, that inhibit JNK3, but not p38 MAP kinase and provided key insights into understanding the behavior of gatekeeper residue methionine-146 in determining target selectivity for this series.
- Cao, Jingrong,Gao, Huai,Bemis, Guy,Salituro, Francesco,Ledeboer, Mark,Harrington, Edmund,Wilke, Susanne,Taslimi, Paul,Pazhanisamy,Xie, Xiaoling,Jacobs, Marc,Green, Jeremy
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scheme or table
p. 2891 - 2895
(2010/01/16)
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- Bacterial translation inhibitors, 1-acylindazol-3-ols as anthranilic acid mimics
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The discovery and initial optimization of a novel anthranilic acid derived class of antibacterial agents has been described in a recent series of papers. This paper describes the discovery of 1-acylindazol-3-ols as a novel bioisostere of an anthranilic acid. The synthesis and structure-activity relationships of the indazol bioisosteres are described herein.
- Stiff, Cory,Graber, David R.,Thorarensen, Atli,Wakefield, Brian D.,Marotti, Keith R.,Melchior, Earline P.,Sweeney, Michael T.,Han, Fusen,Rohrer, Douglas C.,Zurenko, Gary E.,Romero, Donna L.
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scheme or table
p. 6293 - 6297
(2009/07/18)
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- Isatins inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in a mouse macrophage cell line
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Isatin is a versatile compound with a diversity of effects. We designed to investigate the inhibitory effect of isatin derivatives on lipopolysaccharide/interferon-γ-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) proteins, production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and their capacity to scavenge NO. Isatins inhibit TNF-α production and iNOS and COX-2 protein expression resulting on reduced levels of NO and PGE2. Our results indicate isatin and it derivatives as inhibitors of iNOS and COX-2 enzymes, which might be used as anti-inflammatory and antitumoral agents.
- Matheus, Maria Eline,Violante, Flavio de Almeida,Garden, Simon John,Pinto, Angelo C.,Fernandes, Patricia Dias
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p. 200 - 206
(2008/02/07)
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- CARBOXYLIC ACID PERI - SUBSTITUTED BICYCLICS FOR OCCLUSIVE ARTERY DISEASE
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Peri-substituted, fused bicyclic ring carboxylic acids useful for the treatment or prophylaxis of a prostaglandin-mediated disease or condition are disclosed.
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Page/Page column 118
(2010/11/08)
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- INDIRUBIN-TYPE COMPOUNDS, COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS FOR THEIR USE
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Compounds and compositions including 6-bromo-indirubin, 5-amino-indirubin and N-methyl-indirubins and related indirubin derivatives are provided that are useful as selective modulators of glycogen synthase kinase-3, cyclin-dependent protein kinases or aryl hydrocarbon receptors. Methods of inhibiting or modulating cell growth or cell cycling are provided using the compounds of the invention. In other aspects, compounds and methods for the treatment of protozoan-mediated diseases, Alzheimer's disease and diabetes are provided.
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Page/Page column 24; Figure 2A
(2008/06/13)
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- 3-3-DI-SUBSTITUTED-OXINDOLES AS INHIBITORS OF TRANSLATION INITIATION
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Compositions and methods for inhibiting translation using 3-(5-tert-Butyl-2-Hydroxy-phenyl)-3-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one and/or its derivatives are provided. Compositions, methods and kits for treating (1) cellular proliferative disorders, (2) non-proliferative, degenerative disorders, (3) viral infections, and/or (4) disorders associated with viral infections, using 3-(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one and/or its derivatives are described.
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Page/Page column 26; 35
(2008/06/13)
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- Structural Basis for the Synthesis of Indirubins as Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
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Pharmacological inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and cyclin-dependent kinases have a promising potential for applications against several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Indirubins, a family of bis-indoles isolated from various natural sources, are potent inhibitors of several kinases, including GSK-3. Using the cocrystal structures of various indirubins with GSK-3β, CDK2 and CDK5/p25, we have modeled the binding of indirubins within the ATP-binding pocket of these kinases. This modeling approach provided some insight into the molecular basis of indirubins' action and selectivity and allowed us to forecast some improvements of this family of bis-indoles as kinase inhibitors. Predicted molecules, including 6-substituted and 5,6-disubstituted indirubins, were synthesized and evaluated as CDK and GSK-3 inhibitors. Control, kinase-inactive indirubins were obtained by introduction of a methyl substitution on N1.
- Polychronopoulos, Panagiotis,Magiatis, Prokopios,Skaltsounis, Alexios-Leandros,Myrianthopoulos, Vassilios,Mikros, Emmanuel,Tarricone, Aldo,Musacchio, Andrea,Roe, S. Mark,Pearl, Laurence,Leost, Maryse,Greengard, Paul,Meijer, Laurent
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p. 935 - 946
(2007/10/03)
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- Oxindole derivative
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An oxindole of Formula 1 or a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is useful for growth hormone releaser: wherein R1, R2, R3and R4are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl etc; R5is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; Z is —O— or —NH—; one of W1and W2is hydrogen, alkyl or —Y—CON(R10)R11; the other of W1and W2is n is 1, 2 or 3; m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; Y is single bond or C1-C3alkylene; R6and R7are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl etc; R8and R9are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl etc; R10and R11are independently hydrogen, alkyl etc.
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- Oxindole derivatives as orally active potent growth hormone secretagogues
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A series of substituted oxindole derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for growth hormone (GH) releasing activity using cultured rat pituitary cells. (+)-6-Carbamoyl-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-(2-diethylaminoethyl)- 4-trifluoromethyloxindole (SM-130686, 37S) was found to have potent activity (EC50 = 3.0 nM), while the other enantiomer 37R had reduced activity. The absolute configuration of 37S was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 37S showed a good pharmacokinetic profile in rats with 28% oral bioavailability at 10 mg/kg and excellent in vivo activity as evidenced by a significant weight gain after 4 days of oral administration at 10 mg/kg twice a day. Compound 37S displaced the binding of 35S-MK-677 to human GHS-R with an IC50 value of 1.2 ± 0.2 nM.
- Tokunaga,Hume,Umezome,Okazaki,Ueki,Kumagai,Hourai,Nagamine,Seki,Taiji,Noguchi,Nagata
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p. 4641 - 4649
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of 123I-labelled analogues of imidazobenzodiazepine receptor ligands
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Reaction of bromo- or iodo-substituted isatoic anhydrides with N-methylglycine, L-proline or D-proline afforded bromo- or iodo-substituted 1,4-benzodiazepinediones which on condensation with ethyl or t-butyl isocyanoacetates gave ethyl or t-butyl bromo- or iodo-imidazobenzodiazepine carboxylates. These aryl halides were converted into the corresponding tributylstannanes with bis(tributyltin) in the presence of (triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), and the stannanes were treated with sodium (123I)iodide in the presence of chloramine-T to give the required 123I-labelled analogues of the imidazobenzodiazepine receptor ligands flumazenil and bretazenil.
- Katsifis, Andrew G.,McPhee, Meredith E.,Mattner, Filomena,Ridley, Damon D.
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p. 1061 - 1069
(2007/10/03)
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