- Visible-light-mediated phosphonylation reaction: formation of phosphonates from alkyl/arylhydrazines and trialkylphosphites using zinc phthalocyanine
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In this work, we developed a ligand- and base-free visible-light-mediated protocol for the photoredox syntheses of arylphosphonates and, for the first time, alkyl phosphonates. Zinc phthalocyanine-photocatalyzed Csp2-P and Csp3-P bond formations were efficiently achieved by reacting aryl/alkylhydrazines with trialkylphosphites in the presence of air serving as an abundant oxidant. The reaction conditions tolerated a wide variety of functional groups.
- Hosseini-Sarvari, Mona,Koohgard, Mehdi
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supporting information
p. 5905 - 5911
(2021/07/12)
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- Cross-Coupling between Hydrazine and Aryl Halides with Hydroxide Base at Low Loadings of Palladium by Rate-Determining Deprotonation of Bound Hydrazine
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Reported here is the Pd-catalyzed C–N coupling of hydrazine with (hetero)aryl chlorides and bromides to form aryl hydrazines with catalyst loadings as low as 100 ppm of Pd and KOH as base. Mechanistic studies revealed two catalyst resting states: an arylpalladium(II) hydroxide and arylpalladium(II) chloride. These compounds are present in two interconnected catalytic cycles and react with hydrazine and base or hydrazine alone to give the product. The selectivity of the hydroxide complex with hydrazine to form aryl over diaryl hydrazine was lower than that of the chloride complex, as well as the catalytic reaction. In contrast, the selectivity of the chloride complex closely matched that of the catalytic reaction, indicating that the aryl hydrazine is derived from this complex. Kinetic studies showed that the coupling process occurs by rate-limiting deprotonation of a hydrazine-bound arylpalladium(II) chloride complex to give an arylpalladium(II) hydrazido complex.
- Borate, Kailaskumar,Choi, Kyoungmin,Goetz, Roland,Hartwig, John F.,Shinde, Harish,Wang, Justin Y.,Zuend, Stephan J.
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supporting information
p. 399 - 408
(2020/10/29)
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- Diversification of edaravone via palladium-catalyzed hydrazine cross-coupling: Applications against protein misfolding and oligomerization of beta-amyloid
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N-Aryl derivatives of edaravone were identified as potentially effective small molecule inhibitors of tau and beta-amyloid aggregation in the context of developing disease-modifying therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Palladium-catalyzed hydrazine monoarylation protocols were then employed as an expedient means of preparing a focused library of 21 edaravone derivatives featuring varied N-aryl substitution, thereby enabling structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies. On the basis of data obtained from two functional biochemical assays examining the effect of edaravone derivatives on both fibril and oligomer formation, it was determined that derivatives featuring an N-biaryl motif were four-fold more potent than edaravone.
- Maclean, Mark A.,Diez-Cecilia, Elena,Lavery, Christopher B.,Reed, Mark A.,Wang, Yanfei,Weaver, Donald F.,Stradiotto, Mark
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supporting information
p. 100 - 104
(2015/12/18)
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- Efficient synthesis of aryl hydrazines using copper-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl halides with hydrazine in PEG-400
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An efficient and convenient method for the synthesis of aryl hydrazines is described via copper-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl halides with aqueous hydrazine in PEG-400. This protocol is applicable to both electron-deficient and electron-rich aryl iodides and bromides, and even to sterically hindered substrates, giving aryl hydrazines in good to excellent yields.
- Chen, Junmin,Zhang, Yimin,Hao, Wenyan,Zhang, Rongli,Yi, Fei
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p. 613 - 617
(2013/07/25)
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- Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl chlorides and tosylates with hydrazine
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Hydrazine is not a problem anymore: The title transformation is the first reaction to yield aryl hydrazines through the cross-coupling of aryl chlorides and tosylates with hydrazine. An appropriately designed palladium catalyst allows this reaction to proceed rapidly under mild conditions, and with excellent chemoselectivity (see scheme; Ad=adamantyl, Ts=4-toluenesulfonyl).
- Lundgren, Rylan J.,Stradiotto, Mark
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 8686 - 8690
(2011/01/08)
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- Method for the preparation of high purity substituted benz ?E! indoles and the alkaline salts thereof
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Method for the preparation of high purity substituted benz?e!indoles corresponding to the general formula STR1 comprising the preparation of an arylhydrazine which is subjected to a Fischer indole synthesis with a suitable ketone, the benz?e!indole thus obtained being reacted with a radical R6, followed by subjection to a purification step. This method may more particularly be applied to the synthesis of Indocyanine Green.
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- (Nitrofuryl)pyrazoles, their synthesis and use, and compositions containing them
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3-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)pyrazoles unsubstituted in the 5-position and 5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)pyrazoles unsubstituted in the 3-position are antimicrobials and disinfectants. The compounds are structurally represented by one of the formulae: STR1 wherein A is --CHO, --CN, --COOH, a protected or derived aldehyde group or a protected or derived carboxylic acid group; B is 5-nitro-2-furyl; R1 is --H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl (saturated or unsaturated; acyclic, alicyclic or aromatic; or araliphatic); substituted or unsubstituted (cycloaliphatic or aromatic) heterocyclic or acyl (carboxylic or carbonic acid); R2 is --H; and n is a positive whole number of at most 2.
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