- Salicylanilides Reduce SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Suppress Induction of Inflammatory Cytokines in a Rodent Model
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SARS-CoV-2 virus has recently given rise to the current COVID-19 pandemic where infected individuals can range from being asymptomatic, yet highly contagious, to dying from acute respiratory distress syndrome. Although the world has mobilized to create antiviral vaccines and therapeutics to combat the scourge, their long-term efficacy remains in question especially with the emergence of new variants. In this work, we exploit a class of compounds that has previously shown success against various viruses. A salicylanilide library was first screened in a SARS-CoV-2 activity assay in Vero cells. The most efficacious derivative was further evaluated in a prophylactic mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection unveiling a salicylanilide that can reduce viral loads, modulate key cytokines, and mitigate severe weight loss involved in COVID-19 infections. The combination of anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity, cytokine inhibitory activity, and a previously established favorable pharmacokinetic profile for the lead salicylanilide renders salicylanilides in general as promising therapeutics for COVID-19.
- Beutler, Nathan,Blake, Steven,Eubanks, Lisa M.,Janda, Kim D.,Ji, Henry,Manning, John T.,Maruyama, Junki,Paessler, Slobodan,Shaabani, Namir,Teijaro, John R.
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p. 2229 - 2237
(2021/08/24)
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- Structural development of N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)benzamide derivatives as novel SPAK inhibitors blocking WNK kinase signaling
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We report here structural development of N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)benzamide derivatives as novel SPAK (STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase) inhibitors. Abnormal activation of the signal cascade of with-no-lysine kinase (WNK) with OSR1 (oxidative stress-responsive kinase 1)/SPAK and NCC (NaCl cotransporter) results in characteristic salt-sensitive hypertension, and therefore inhibitors of the WNK-OSR1/SPAK-NCC cascade are candidates for antihypertensive drugs. Based on the structure of lead compound 2, we examined the SAR of N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)benzamide derivatives, and developed compound 20l as a potent SPAK inhibitor. Compounds 20l is a promising candidate for a new class of antihypertensive drugs.
- Fujii, Shinya,Ishigami-Yuasa, Mari,Isobe, Kiyoshi,Kagechika, Hiroyuki,Kikuchi, Eriko,Mori, Takayasu,Suzuyama, Honoka,Uchida, Shinichi,Watanabe, Yuko
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supporting information
(2020/07/21)
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- Salicylanilide Analog Minimizes Relapse of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Mice
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Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) causes serious and sometimes fatal symptoms like diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Although antibiotics for CDI exist, they are either expensive or cause recurrence of the infection due to their altering the colonic microbiota, which is necessary to suppress the infection. Here, we leverage a class of known membrane-targeting compounds that we previously showed to have broad inhibitory activity across multiple Clostridioides difficile strains while preserving the microbiome to develop an efficacious agent. A new series of salicylanilides was synthesized, and the most potent analog was selected through an in vitro inhibitory assay to evaluate its pharmacokinetic parameters and potency in a CDI mouse model. The results revealed reduced recurrence of CDI and diminished disturbance of the microbiota in mice compared to standard-of-care vancomycin, thus paving the way for novel therapy that can potentially target the cell membrane of C. difficile to minimize relapse in the recovering patient.
- Blake, Steven,Thanissery, Rajani,Rivera, Alissa J.,Hixon, Mark S.,Lin, Mingliang,Theriot, Casey M.,Janda, Kim D.
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p. 6898 - 6908
(2020/07/28)
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- Process for preparing nitrodiphenyl (thio) ethers
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Nitrodiphenyl(thio) ethers in which the nitro group is in the ortho- or para-position with respect to the ether oxygen or ether sulphur can be prepared from halonitrobenzones in which the nitro group is in the ortho- or para-position with respect to the halogen and, alkali metal (thio)phenolates in liquid ammonia, the reaction being carried out under pressure and at a temperature from -30° C. to +140° C. and the ammonia being separated off after the reaction is completed.
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- Synthesis and Biological Activity of a Series of Diaryl-Substituted α-Cyano-β-hydroxypropenamides, a New Class of Anthelmintic Agents
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A series of α-cyano-β-hydroxypropenamides was prepared and tested for anthelmintic activity. α-Cyano-β-hydroxy-N--3-propenamide (1) showed good activity against the nematode Nematospirodes dubius in a mixed parasite infection in mice; several of the analogues were also effective against the cestode Hymenolepis nana.In sheep trials, 1 caused 100percent reduction of the hematophagous nematode Haemonchus contortus after a single dose of 20 mg/kg but did not show satisfactory control of Trichostrongylus colubriformis or Ostertagia circumcincta.Against the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, 1 suppressed egg production but only temporarily, suggesting that the adult flukes were not eliminated.Mechanism of action studies on 1 using Ascaris mitochondria showed it to be an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation.
- Sjogren, Eric B.,Rider, Michael A.,Nelson, Peter H.,Bingham, Stanford,Poulton, Anthony L.,et al.
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p. 3295 - 3301
(2007/10/02)
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- Anthelmintically active benzenepropanamide derivatives
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This invention is directed to a method for treating helminthiasis in an animal which method comprises administering to an animal in need thereof an anthelmintically effective amount of a compound of the Formula (I): STR1 wherein Z is oxygen or sulfur;R 1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; andR 2, R 3, R 4 and R 5 are independently hydrogen, halo, lower haloalkyl, lower alkoxy, lower haloalkoxy, nitro, cyano, halophenoxy, haloalkylphenoxy, thiocyano or isothiocyano, provided that R 2 and R 3 cannot simultaneously be hydrogen and that R 4 and R 5 cannot simultaneously be hydrogen; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions formulated therewith. This invention is also directed to novel anthelmintically active benzenepropanamides of Formula (I) wherein Z is oxygen.
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