- Facile o-quinodimethane formation from benzocyclobutenes triggered by the Staudinger reaction at ambient temperature
-
Electron-donating iminophosphoranes were found to significantly enhance 4π-ring opening of benzocyclobutenes to generate o-quinodimethanes at 20-25 °C. These iminophosphorane benzocyclobutenes can be conveniently generated from azide benzocyclobutenes and phosphines via the Staudinger reaction. Thus, Staudinger reaction-triggered sequential molecular transformations of the azide benzocyclobutenes have been established via o-quinodimethanes at ambient temperature, which is expected to exhibit potential for a wide range of applications.
- Kohyama, Aki,Koresawa, Eri,Tsuge, Kiyoshi,Matsuya, Yuji
-
p. 6205 - 6208
(2019/06/07)
-
- Photochemistry of S -phenacyl xanthates
-
Various synthetically readily accessible S-phenacyl xanthates are shown to undergo photoinitiated homolytic scission of the C-S bond in the primary step. The resultant fragments, phenacyl and xanthic acid radicals, recombine to form symmetrical 1,4-diketones and xanthogen disulfides, respectively, in high to moderate chemical yields in chemically inert solvents. They can also be efficiently trapped by a hydrogen-atom-donating solvent to give acetophenone and xanthic acid derivatives. The latter compound is in situ thermally converted to the corresponding alcohol in high chemical yields. S-Phenacyl xanthates could thus be utilized as synthetic precursors to the above-mentioned compounds or as photoremovable protecting groups for alcohols in which the xanthate moiety represents a photolabile linker. The photochemically released phenacyl radical fragments efficiently but reversibly add to the thiocarbonyl group of the parent xanthate molecule. The kinetics of this degenerative reversible addition-fragmentation transfer (RAFT)/macromolecular design via the interchange of xanthates (MADIX) mechanism was studied using laser flash photolysis (LFP) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The rate constants of the RAFT addition step, kadd ~ 7 × 108 M-1 s-1, and phenacyl radical addition to a double bond of 1,1-diphenylethylene, kadd ~ 108 M-1 s -1, in acetonitrile were experimentally determined by LFP. In addition, photoinitiation of the methyl methacrylate polymerization by S-phenacyl xanthate is demonstrated. The polydispersity index of the resulting poly(methyl methacrylate) was found to be ~1.4. We conclude that S-phenacyl xanthates can serve simultaneously as photoinitiators as well as RAFT/MADIX agents in polymerization reactions.
- Tazhe Veetil, Aneesh,Solomek, Tomas,Ngoy, Bokolombe Pitchou,Pavlikova, Nela,Heger, Dominik,Klan, Petr
-
p. 8232 - 8242
(2012/01/03)
-
- Total synthesis of aristolactams via a one-pot Suzuki-Miyaura coupling/aldol condensation cascade reaction
-
(Chemical Equation Presented) A direct one-pot synthesis of phenanthrene lactams, which employs a Suzuki -Miyaura coupling/aldol condensation cascade reaction of isoindolin-1-one with 2-formylphenylboronic acid, has been developed. The approach is used to
- Kim, Joa Kyum,Kim, Young Ha,Nam, Ho Tae,Kim, Bum Tae,Heo, Jung-Nyoung
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 3543 - 3546
(2009/05/07)
-