- Investigation on bile acid receptor regulators. Discovery of cholanoic acid derivatives with dual G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1) antagonistic and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) modulatory activity
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Bile acids, the end products of cholesterol metabolism, activate multiple mechanisms through the interaction with membrane G-protein coupled receptors including the bile acid receptor GPBAR1 and nuclear receptors such as the bile acid sensor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Even if dual FXR/GPBAR1 agonists are largely considered a novel opportunity in the treatment of several liver and metabolic diseases, selective targeting of one of these receptors represents an attractive therapeutic approach for a wide range of disorders in which dual modulation is associated to severe side effects. In the present study we have investigated around the structure of LCA generating a small library of cholane derivatives, endowed with dual FXR agonism/GPBAR1 antagonism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bile acid derivatives able to antagonize GPBAR1.
- Sepe, Valentina,Renga, Barbara,Festa, Carmen,Finamore, Claudia,Masullo, Dario,Carino, Adriana,Cipriani, Sabrina,Distrutti, Eleonora,Fiorucci, Stefano,Zampella, Angela
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- 2-Hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethanone as an efficient photolabile protecting group for carboxylic acids
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The synthesis is reported of 2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethanone esters of carboxylic acids by the reaction between 2-chloro-1,2,2-triphenylethanone and a carboxylic acid in the presence of silver carbonate and silver tetrafluoroborate. Photolysis of the esters occurs rapidly on irradiation with a medium-pressure mercury lamp through quartz or Pyrex to return the carboxylic acid. The side product of the photolysis is benzo[b]phenanthro[9,10-d]furan, formed through a tandem process involving initial generation of 2,3-diphenylbenzofuran, photochemical cyclisation and re-aromatisation by aerial oxidation.
- Ashraf, M. Arfan,Russell, Alexander G.,Wharton, Christopher W.,Snaith, John S.
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p. 586 - 593
(2007/10/03)
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- Bile-acid derived compounds for enhancing oral absorption and systemic bioavailability of drugs
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Disclosed are compounds that exhibit high transport across the intestinal wall of an animal. The compounds may optionally be linked to drugs that are poorly absorbed or poorly transported across the intestinal wall after oral administration to provide for enhanced therapeutic, and optionally prolonged therapeutic, systemic blood concentrations of the drugs upon oral administration of the drug-compound conjugate. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing and methods of using such compounds.
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- PHOTOREDUCTION DES ESTERS CARBOXYLIQUES DANS L'HEXAMETHYLPHOSPHORTRIAMIDE (HMPT)
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Use of HMPT as solvent in photochemistry allows efficient photoreductions.Alkyl esters and especially non absorbing alkyl acetates are photoreduced in excellent yields into alkanes.In the latter case, a protonating agent is necessary.Numerous examples illustrate the generality and convenience of the reaction.This photoreduction involves an electron transfer from HMPT to ester.
- Portella, C.,Deshayes, H.,Pete, J. P.,Scholler, D.
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p. 3635 - 3644
(2007/10/02)
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