- Synthesis, structural studies and biological evaluation of connections of thiosemicarbazide, 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole with palmitic acid
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Thirty new derivatives of palmitic acid were efficiently synthesized. All obtained compounds can be divided into three groups of derivatives: Thiosemicarbazides (compounds 1–10), 1,2,4-triazoles (compounds 1a–10a) and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles (compounds 1b–10b) moieties. 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS methods were used to confirm the structure of derivatives. All obtained compounds were tested in vitro against a number of microorganisms, including Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative rods and Candida albicans. Compounds 4, 5, 6, 8 showed significant inhibition against C. albicans. The range of MIC values was 50–1.56 μg/mL. The halogen atom, especially at the 3rd position of the phenyl group was significantly important for antifungal activity. The biological activity against Candida albicans and selected molecular descriptors were used as a basis for QSAR models, that have been determined by means of multiple linear regression. The models have been validated by means of the Leave-One-Out Cross Validation. The obtained QSAR models were characterized by high determination coefficients and good prediction power.
- Jó?wiak, Micha?,St?pień, Karolina,Wrzosek, Ma?gorzata,Olejarz, Wioletta,Kubiak-Tomaszewska, Gra?yna,Filipowska, Anna,Filipowski, Wojciech,Struga, Marta
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Read Online
- FLOW CHEMISTRY SYNTHESIS OF ISOCYANATES
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The disclosure provides, inter alia, safe and environmentally-friendly methods, such as flow chemistry, to synthesize isocyanates, such as methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and tetramethylxylene diisocyanate.
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Paragraph 0175; 0186;-0187; 0270; 0273-0274
(2021/06/22)
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- 4-Amino-3-pentadecyl-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and 3-pentadecyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione for the preparation of dimeric palladium(II) complexes and their applications in Tsuji–Trost and Mizoroki–Heck reactions
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The synthesis of palladium complexes derived from 4-amino-3-pentadecyl-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and 3-pentadecyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thiones are reported. They were obtained from palladium acetate and dipotassium tetrachloropalladate(II) and their composition was assigned by elemental analysis (solid state). The resulting metallic entities were also characterized in solution based in mass spectrometry experiments. Their application in organic synthesis as cross-coupling reaction catalysts is described. One example of both conventional Tsuji–Trost and Mizoroki–Heck reactions were efficiently carried out in very high chemical yield.
- Chehrouri, Manel,Othman, Adil A.,Jiménez-Cecilia, Samuel,Moreno-Cabrerizo, Cristina,Sansano, José M.
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supporting information
p. 1301 - 1307
(2019/04/27)
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- A new class of human fatty acid synthase inhibitors: Synthesis and their anticancer evaluation
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A series of 3-pentadecyl/heptadecyl-6-subsituted phenyl[l,2,4]triazolo[3,4-&][l,3,4]thiadiazoles have been designed, synthesized and screened for their in vitro antitumour activity against breast cancer cell Jines. Three compounds namely, 3- pentadecyl-6-phenyl[l,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][l,3,4]thiadiazole (6e), 3-heptadecyl-6-phenyl[l,2,4]triazolo[3,4-i][l,3,4]thiadiazole (6j) and 3-heptadecyl-6(3-nitrophenyl)[l,2,4]triazolo[3,4b][l,3,4]-thiadiazole (6g) have displayed comparable activities towards human breast cancer lines. Molecular docking studies have been carried out on the crystal structure of human fatty acid synthase thioesterase domain (2PX6) by using GLIDE integrated Maestro 9.3 version. The designed compounds have shown good binding interactions with the active site residues present in the enzyme and have given very good G-scores when compared to the known inhibitor orlistat.
- Jubie,Bincy,Jameera Begam,Ashish,Kalirajan,Afzal Azam
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p. 671 - 678
(2019/05/22)
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- Micromolecular gelator, gel material, preparation method and application
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The invention provides a micromolecular gelator, a gel material, a preparation method and an application. The gelator is prepared by taking cheap and easily available phenyllactic acid as a raw material and introducing a hydrazide group and a hydrophobic alkyl chain through a simple and mature chemical reaction. The gelator can effectively gelate various organic solvents; the gel material formed by the gelator and methyl benzoate can quickly and efficiently remove phenol from sewage; the gelator can selectively gelate petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and lubricating oil, and crude oil in an oil-water mixture without the help of an additive; oil and water separation is achieved by simple operation; the gelator can be used for leakage management of the crude oil andthe petroleum products and is multifunctional; and in addition, the gelator has good recyclability and very good application prospects in the fields of phenol removal from the sewage, marine oil spilltreatment and the like.
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Paragraph 0069; 0074; 0075
(2018/11/22)
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- Elongation of the Hydrophobic Chain as a Molecular Switch: Discovery of Capsaicin Derivatives and Endogenous Lipids as Potent Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Channel 2 Antagonists
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The transient receptor potential vanilloid type-2 (TRPV2) protein is a nonselective Ca2+ permeable channel member of the TRPV subfamily, still considered an orphan TRP channel due to the scarcity of available selective and potent pharmacological tools and endogenous modulators. Here we describe the discovery of novel synthetic long-chain capsaicin derivatives as potent TRPV2 antagonists in comparison to the totally inactive capsaicin, the role of their hydrophobic chain, and how the structure-activity relationships of such derivatives led, through a ligand-based approach, to the identification of endogenous long-chain fatty acid ethanolamides or primary amides acting as TRPV2 antagonists. Both synthetic and endogenous antagonists exhibited differential inhibition against known TRPV2 agonists characterized by distinct kinetic profiles. These findings represent the first example of both synthetic and naturally occurring TRPV2 modulators with efficacy in the submicromolar/low-micromolar range, which will be useful for clarifying the physiopathological roles of this receptor, its regulation, and its targeting in pathological conditions.
- Schiano Moriello, Aniello,López Chinarro, Silvia,Novo Fernández, Olalla,Eras, Jordi,Amodeo, Pietro,Canela-Garayoa, Ramon,Vitale, Rosa Maria,Di Marzo, Vincenzo,De Petrocellis, Luciano
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p. 8255 - 8281
(2018/09/25)
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- Separation of PALMITIC acid from over used oil for production of heterogeneous organic derivatives of potential biological activities
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PALMITIC acid was extracted from Over-used cooking oil where oil was filtered off, then it was hydrolyzed with distilled water in high pressure reactor at 250°C and 2 MPa to produce glycerol and mixture of fatty acids. Fatty acids mixture was cooled at 7°C in order to precipitate all saturated fatty acids, which were then filtered off, Palmitic acid was extracted from this mixture by means of supercritical CO2 extractor at 35.0 MPa and 55°C, followed by its methylation and confirmation by GC mass. Then it was used as precursor for production of a different heterocyclic compounds which were then tested for their antimicrobial activities. Thus the long-chain methyl palmitate was interacted with hydrazine hydrate to produce the corresponding acid hydrazide (2), and then it was treated with phenyl isothiocyanate, furnished the corresponding thiosemicarbazide 4. The later was reacted with ethyl chloro(arylhydrazono) acetate 5a-b in dimethylformamide, in the presence of triethylamine, afforded thiadiazole derivatives 7a-b. A solution of thiosemicarbazide 4 in ethanol was interacted with the a-haloketones 9 in the presence of triethylamine, produced the parallel thiadiazine 12. The structure elucidation of all synthesized compounds is based on the elemental analysis and spectral data (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS).
- Soliman, Hanaa M.,El-Shattory
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p. 591 - 600
(2019/01/30)
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- Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of 5-n-alkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol derivatives from fatty acids
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The novel 5-N-alkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol derivatives have been synthesized by esterification of fatty acid followed by reaction the ester with hydrazine hydrate. The acid hydrazide was converted to 1,3,4-oxadiazole by ring closure mechanism. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by physical (melting point and TLC) and spectral (IR, 1H NMR and mass) data. All the compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity. The compounds 3F1 & 3F4 showed good inhibition activity against all four types of bacteria; while compound 3F2 & 3F3 shown moderate activity.
- Naga Sudha,Yella Subbaiah,Srikanth,Venkata Ramana Reddy,Sneha Latha,Vijaya Lakshmi
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p. 2369 - 2371
(2017/10/31)
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- Cyclocondensation between fatty acid hydrazides and 1,1,1-trifluoro-4-alkoxy-3-alken-2-ones: Introducing a trifluoromethylated head onto fatty acid moieties
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This paper reports the regioselective synthesis of new trifluoromethylated lipid derivatives, namely, 1-(5-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethyl-3-alkyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)alkan-1-ones, through cyclocondensation reactions between a series of fatty hydrazides (palmitoyl, stearoyl, and oleoyl hydrazides) obtained from fatty acids from renewable resources (1,1,1-trifluoro-4-alkoxy-3-alken-2-ones [F3CC(O)CH?C(R1)OR, where R1 = H and R?Et; R1 = –(CH2)6CH3, –(CH2)6CH3, –(CH2)8CH3, –(CH2)9CH3, –(CH2)10CH3, –(CH2)12CH3, –(CH2)2Ph], and R?Me). Experimental observations showed that the lipophilic characteristic of 5-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles (5–7) prevent the acid catalyzed dehydration to aromatization of 1H-pyrazole ring, although in some cyclocondensations a proportion of the aromatic derivative 1-(5-trifluoromethyl-3-alkyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)alkan-1-one was obtained. All products were characterized using multinuclear (1H, 13C, 19F) NMR spectroscopy.
- Teixeira, Wystan K. O.,Gon?alves, Helena A.,de Mello, Débora L.,Moura, Sidnei,Flores, Darlene C.,Flores, Alex F. C.
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p. 2078 - 2086
(2017/10/13)
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- Lipophilic gold(I) complexes with 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thione or 1,3-thiazolidine-2-thione moieties: synthesis and their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities
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Novel lipophilic gold(I) complexes containing 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thione or 1,3-thiazolidine-2-thione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, high resolution mass spectrometry, and 1H, 13C 31P NMR. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated considering cisplatin and/or auranofin as reference in different tumor cell lines: colon cancer (CT26WT), metastatic skin melanoma (B16F10), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), cervical carcinoma (HeLa), glioblastoma (M059?J). Normal human lung fibroblasts (GM07492-A) and kidney normal cell (BHK-21) were also evaluated. The gold(I) complexes were more active than their respective free ligands and cisplatin. Furthermore, antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25213, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The complexes exhibited lower MIC values when compared to the ligands and chloramphenicol against Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. Escherichia coli was sensitive one to the action of gold(I) complexes.
- de Almeida, Angelina Maria,de Oliveira, Bruno Assis,de Castro, Pedro P?ssa,de Mendon?a, Camille Carvalho,Furtado, Ricardo Andrade,Nicolella, Heloiza Diniz,da Silva, Vania Lúcia,Diniz, Cláudio Galuppo,Tavares, Denise Crispim,Silva, Heveline,de Almeida, Mauro Vieira
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p. 841 - 857
(2017/10/07)
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- Study on DDQ-promoted synthesis of 2, 5-disubstituted 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles from acid hydrazides and aldehydes
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A facile stepwise synthesis of 2, 5-disubstituted 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles proceeding via oxidative cyclization of N-acylhydrazones is reported. The reaction is efficiently promoted by 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyano-1, 4- benzoquinone (DDQ) to afford the desired products mostly in high yields and in relatively short times. The final 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives are also synthesized directly from acid hydrazides and aldehydes in a one-pot procedure. The substrate scope and limitations of the reported transformation are discussed in detail.
- Jasiak, Karolina,Kudelko, Agnieszka,Zieliński, Wojciech,Ku?nik, Nikodem
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- Bile acid hydrazides: Gelation, structural, physical and spectroscopic properties
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Synthesis and gelation properties of a series of novel bile acid hydrazides are presented. These compounds are found to undergo self-assembly leading to organogelation in certain organic solvents. Compound 1 was found to be the most "effective" gelator in this series. The properties of this gel have been thoroughly investigated by conventional methods typical for molecular gel studies. Sol-gel transition temperature (Tg) of chloroform gels of compounds 1 and 3 was found to increase with increase in the chain length. Sol-gel transition was probed using the isothermal time test and results show that there is instantaneous increase in both the moduli after shear melting, which suggests that the kinetics of formation of the network was very fast. IR and NMR studies revealed hydrogen bonding between amidic carbonyl in the side chain and hydroxyl groups of cholic acid.
- Pore, Vandana S.,Agalave, Sandip G.,Pharande, Shrikant G.,Patil, Prashant A.,Kotmale, Amol S.
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supporting information
p. 453 - 460
(2015/02/05)
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- Novel fatty acid analogues as human fatty acid synthase thioesterase domain inhibitors: Synthesis and their cytotoxicity screening
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A new class of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles substituted stearic/palmitic acid analogues were prepared. In-silico docking studies have been done into the crystal structure of thioesterase domain of human fatty acid synthase (2PX6) that gave some important structural information on the ligand binding interactions. The residues His 2481, Tyr 2462 & Ala 2448 formed hydrogen bonds with 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole ring. All the target compounds exhibited good binding interactions with the active site residues. Cytotoxicity has been done for some selected compounds against human lung carcinoma cell lines (A-549) by SRB method. The compounds showed strong cytotoxicity.
- Jubie, Selvaraj,Yadhav, Pawan Kumar,Chandrasekar, Moola Joghee Nanjan,Priya, Jeyapal Gomathi,Mvnl, Chaitanya,Dhanabal, Palanisamy
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p. 495 - 499
(2015/06/22)
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- Synthesis and Surface Characterization Studies of Polyether-Linked Symmetric Higher Sulfanyl-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles
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The synthesis and the characterization of a series of novel symmetric double length alkyl-chained sulfanyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles functionalized with a polyether head group are reported. In addition, surface characterization studies were conducted on the metal surface of these synthesized compounds. The metal surfaces were characterized by contact angle measurements via the sessile-drop method, and 3D images of the metal surface were obtained using an optical profilometer. The surface studies showed that the inhibitor molecule increases the hydrophobic character and decreases the wettability of the metal surface.
- Yildirim,?ztürk
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p. 1535 - 1550
(2015/09/01)
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- Improved protocol toward 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thiones and scale-up synthesis in the presence of SDS as a micelle promoted catalyst
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Convenient procedure for in situ cyclization of hydrazinecarbodithioate potassium salts to 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thiones under normal phase micellar media catalysis promoted by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an anionic surfactant is reported. The main advantage of this procedure is to provide shorter reaction time for the completion of cyclization; scale-up synthesis is possible and the oxadiazoles were obtained in high to excellent yields (87-100%), making the protocol an attractive alternative to the available methods.
- Yildirim, Ayhan
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p. 473 - 478
(2015/06/30)
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- Synthesis of doxorubicin α-linolenic acid conjugate and evaluation of its antitumor activity
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Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad-spectrum antitumor drug used in the clinic. However, it can cause serious heart toxicity. To increase the therapeutic index of DOX and to attenuate its toxicity toward normal tissues, we conjugated DOX with either α-linolenic acid (LNA) or palmitic acid (PA) by a hydrazone or an amide bond to produce DOX-hyd-LNA, DOX-ami-LNA, DOX-hyd-PA, and DOX-ami-PA. The cytotoxicity of DOX-hyd-LNA on HepG2, MCF-7, and MDA-231 cells was higher compared to that of DOX, DOX-ami-LNA, DOX-hyd-PA, and DOX-ami-PA. The cytotoxicity of DOX-hyd-LNA on HUVECs was lower than that of DOX. DOX-hyd-LNA released significantly more DOX in pH 5.0 medium than it did in pH 7.4 medium. DOX-hyd-LNA induced more apoptosis in MCF-7 and HepG2 cells than DOX or DOX-ami-LNA. Significantly more DOX was released from DOX-hyd-LNA in both MCF-7 and HepG2 cells compared with DOX-ami-LNA. Compared to free DOX, a biodistribution study showed that DOX-hyd-LNA greatly increased the content of DOX in tumor tissue and decreased the content of DOX in heart tissue after it was intravenously administered. DOX-hyd-LNA improved the survival rate, prolonged the life span, and slowed the growth of the tumor in tumor-bearing nude mice. These results indicate that DOX-hyd-LNA improved the therapeutic index of DOX. Therefore, DOX-hyd-LNA is a potential compound for use as a cancer-targeting therapy.
- Liang, Chun-Hui,Ye, Wei-Liang,Zhu, Chun-Lai,Na, Ren,Cheng, Ying,Cui, Han,Liu, Dao-Zhou,Yang, Zhi-Fu,Zhou, Si-Yuan
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p. 1378 - 1390
(2014/05/20)
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- Antimicrobial evaluation of 4-methylsulfanyl benzylidene/3-hydroxy benzylidene hydrazides and QSAR studies
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A series of 4-methylsulfanyl benzylidene/3-hydroxy benzylidene hydrazides (1-20) was synthesized and tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli, C. albicans and A. niger. The results of antimicrobial studies indicated that 3-phenylacrylic acid-(3-hydroxybenzylidene) -hydrazide, 16, was the most effective as it showed both bactericidal and fungicidal properties and other compounds possessed bacteriostatic/fungistatic activity. The multi-target QSAR model demonstrated that the topological parameter, Balaban topological index (J) is effective in describing the antimicrobial activity of synthesized substituted hydrazides. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010.
- Kumar, Davinder,Narang, Rakesh,Judge, Vikramjeet,Kumar, Devinder,Narasimhan, Balasubramanian
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experimental part
p. 382 - 394
(2012/08/27)
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- Regiospecific synthesis of new fatty N-acyl trihalomethylated pyrazoline derivatives from fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs)
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A series of new fatty N-acyl trihalomethylated pyrazoline derivatives from fatty acid methyl esters was synthesized by the cyclocondensation of respective fatty hydrazides with 4-alkoxy-1,1,1-trialomethyl-3-alquen-2-ones. Efficient and regiospecific cyclizations catalyzed by BF3·MeOH gave the desired products in good to excellent yields and at high purity.
- Beck, Paulo,Dos Santos, Juliane M.,Kuhn, Bruna L.,Moreira, Dayse N.,Flores, Alex F. C.,Martins, Marcos A. P.,D'Oca, Marcelo G. M.,Piovesan, Luciana A.
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p. 2122 - 2127
(2013/04/10)
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- Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation and QSAR studies of 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzylidene/4-nitrobenzylidene hydrazides
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A series of 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzylidene/4-nitrobenzylidene hydrazides (1-20) was synthesized and tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity. The results of antimicrobial studies indicated that the compounds having dinitro, methoxy, hydroxy and nitro substituents on phenyl ring of the aromatic acids were most active ones. The QSAR investigation indicated the importance of the topological parameter, third order molecular connectivity index ( 3χ) in describing the antimicrobial activity of synthesized hydrazides.
- Kumar, Davinder,Kapoor, Archana,Thangadurai, Ananda,Kumar, Pradeep,Narasimhan, Balasubramanian
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experimental part
p. 1293 - 1296
(2012/01/07)
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- Benzylidene/2-chlorobenzylidene hydrazides: Synthesis, antimicrobial activity, QSAR studies and antiviral evaluation
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A series of benzylidene hydrazides (1-20) was synthesized and tested, in vitro, for antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities. The microbial screening results indicated that compounds having chloro and nitro substituents were the most active ones. The antiviral evaluation depicted that compounds 9 and 19 were active against Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in HeLa cell cultures. QSAR investigations indicated that the multi-target QSAR model was effective in describing the antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) activity over the one-target QSAR models. Further the mt-QSAR model indicated that the topological parameters, second order molecular connectivity index (2χ) and third order Kier's alpha shape index (κα3) are effective in describing the antimicrobial activity of synthesized hydrazides.
- Kumar, Davinder,Judge, Vikramjeet,Narang, Rakesh,Sangwan, Sonia,De Clercq, Erik,Balzarini, Jan,Narasimhan, Balasubramanian
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experimental part
p. 2806 - 2816
(2010/08/20)
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- Preparation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid hydrazides and long chain C-glycoside ketohydrazones
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A method is described to prepare both saturated and unsaturated fatty acid acyl hydrazides using a lipase as a catalyst. Hydrazides were generated from fatty acid methyl esters as well as directly from vegetable oils, and an organic co-solvent was not needed to maintain the integrity of the unsaturated fatty acids. Both C. antarctica lipase immobilized on acrylic resin and immobilized M. miehei lipase were used to catalyze the reaction, and they provided the desired acyl hydrazides with similar yields of 82.8% and 84.6%, respectively. Analysis of the products by MALDI-TOF-MS and GC-MS fragmentation pathways shows pure products free of starting methyl esters or triacylglycerols. These hydrazide molecules have been used, in conjunction with carbohydrate C-glycoside ketones, to prepare long chain C-glycoside ketohydrazones. This preparation does not require protecting groups or anomeric activation, and various C-glycoside ketohydrazones that retain the closed ring conformation of the parent sugars are described. These compounds have potential as renewable, sugar-based detergents in which the sugar moiety serves as the polar head group while the hydrazide alkyl chain is the non-polar component. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2010.
- Carpenter, Chrissie A.,Kenar, James A.,Price, Neil P. J.
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experimental part
p. 2012 - 2018
(2011/02/23)
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- Synthesis of corrosion preventive long-chain N-alkyl-2-(phenylthio)- acetohydrazides and 2-oxo-2-phenylethyl-2-alkanoylhydrazinecarbodithioates
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Long-chain N-alkyl-2-(phenylthio)acetohydrazides were synthesized via the reactions of 2-(phenylthio)acetohydrazide with long-straight-chain aldehydes and then reduction with sodium borohydride. The reactions of long-straight-chain hydrazides with carbon disulfide in alkaline media give the corresponding carbodithioate salts. Heating of potassium 2-alkanoylhydrazinecarbodithioates with phenacyl bromide do not yield cyclization and failed to give the corresponding long-chain thiazolidine-2-thiones, but gave the corresponding 2-oxo-2-phenylethyl-2-alkanoylhydrazinecarbodithioates via nucleophilic substitution reaction. In addition, the synthesized compounds were tested for their corrosion prevention capabilities in acidic or in mineral oil media.
- Yildirim, Ayhan,Cetin, Mehmet
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body text
p. 1279 - 1283
(2009/12/05)
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- Synthesis, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of some 1-acyl/aracyl-5-aminopyrazole derivatives
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A series of 1-acyl/aracyl-3,4-disubstituted-5-aminopyrazoles (IV) were synthesized by the reaction of 1-acyl/aracylhydrazines (I) with an appropriately substituted ketenedithioacetal (II/III). Compounds IV were tested for their analgesic activity by rat caudal immersion test and anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenin induced edema in rat paw test. 1-Benzoyl-3-mercapto-4-carboxamido-5-aminopyrazole (IVk) proved to be the most active compound of the series in both tests.
- Gadad, Andanappa K.,Kittur, Bharatesh S.,Kapsi, Shivakumar G.,Mahajanshetti, Chanbasappa S.,Rajur, Sharanabasava B.
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p. 1082 - 1085
(2007/10/03)
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