- The metal phthalocyanine compound crystal and its manufacturing method, using the electrophotographic photosensitive member, method, Image forming device, and Image forming apparatus and process cartridge for
-
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel metal phthalocyanine mixture crystal useful as an organic photoconductor used in an electrophotographic photoreceptor which is excellent in sensitivity from the visible to the near-infrared region, charging stability in repeated fatigue and stability to variation of temperature and humidity.SOLUTION: A metal phthalocyanine mixture crystal is formed by a crystal conversion treatment of a metal phthalocyanine mixture consisting of a titanyl phthalocyanine obtained by reacting phthalonitrile, a titanium compound and a halide of a metal other than titanium and a metal phthalocyanine of formula (1), where M is a metal atom other than titanium; Q is a bond group selected from a hydroxy group, an oxygen atom and a halogen atom; and n is an integer of 0-2.
- -
-
Paragraph 0233
(2017/12/27)
-
- MANUFACTURING METHOD OF PHTHALOCYANINE CRYSTAL AND ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC PHOTORECEPTOR
-
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method of a phthalocyanine crystal having improved level of ghost at use initiation and after repeated use and suppressed variation. SOLUTION: There is provided a manufacturing method for obtaining a phthalocyanine crystal by mixing a phthalocyanine compound obtained by acid pasting and an organic compound and conducting crystal transformation, having a process for conducting the crystal transformation by using a dispersion machine having a rotatable rotor and a jacket covering the rotor, and a structure in which at least the rotor has a flow passage of a coolant or a catalyst inside, gap sandwiched by the rotor and an inside wall of the jacket has a part forming an annular space, the rotor and the inner wall of the jacket forming the gap have smooth surfaces respectively and a mixture of the phthalocyanine compound and the organic compound flow between gaps to which media particles are filled. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2018,JPOandINPIT
- -
-
Paragraph 0079; 0080
(2018/03/06)
-
- Electrophotographic photoreceptor, electrophotographic image forming method, electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and process cartridge for electrophotographic image forming apparatus
-
An N-phenyl-diphenylisoindole derivative having the following formula (1): wherein each of R1 and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or an unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or an unsubstituted phenyl group, or a substituted or an unsubstituted phenoxy group; R3 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or an unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or an unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or an unsubstituted phenoxy group, or has the following formula (2): wherein each of R4 and R5 represents a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group, or a substituted or an unsubstituted phenyl group; 1 represents an integer of from 1 to 4; and each of m and n represents an integer of from 1 to 5.
- -
-
Page/Page column 56; 57
(2014/09/03)
-
- Titanyl phthalocyanine with improved milling properties
-
The invention is directed to mixtures of PcTiO and a minor amount of another, substituted titanyl phthalocyanine and the synthesis of mixtures of PcTiO and a minor amount of another, substituted titanyl phthalocyanine. The invention is further directed towards milled pigment compositions of such mixtures, and to use of such milled pigment compositions in an electrophotographic element.
- -
-
Page/Page column 10-11
(2012/07/13)
-
- Method for producing alpha-form titanylphthalocyanine and electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising alpha-form titanylphthalocyanine
-
The present invention relates to a method for producing an α-form titanylphthalocyanine represented by the formula (1): which has a peak at a Bragg angle (2θ ± 0.2°) in X-ray diffraction spectrum with CuK α-ray: 7.5°, 10.2°, 12.6°, 13.2°, 15.1°, 16.3°, 17.3°, 18.3°, 22.5°, 24.2°, 25.3° and 28.6°, wherein the method includes steps of: (I) subjecting a crude titanylphthalocyanine having an α-form polymorph to an acid pasting treatment, and then filtering and washing with water to give a water-containing wet cake, and then subjecting the wet cake to drying and crushing to give a low crystalline titanylphthalocyanine; (II) adding a dispersing aid to the low crystalline titanylphthalocyanine and dispersing at room temperature, in DMF, to prepare a polymorph; and (III) filtering, washing, and drying under a reduced pressure. The present invention consists in a provision of a method for conveniently producing the α-form titanylphthalocyanine having a peak at a Bragg angle (2θ ± 0.2°) in X-ray diffraction spectrum with CuK α-ray: 7. 5°, 10. 2°, 12. 6°, 13.2°, 15.1°, 16.3°, 17.3°, 18.3°, 22.5°, 24.2°, 25.3° and 28.6°, wherein a crude titanylphthalocyanine having an α-form polymorph is used as a starting material, as well as a provision of an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a charge generating material of the α-form titanylphthalocyanine which has excellent photosensitive characteristics.
- -
-
Page/Page column 7
(2009/03/07)
-
- TITANYL PHTHALOCYANINE PROCESSES AND PHOTOCONDUCTORS THEREOF
-
A process which includes treating, mixing, or contacting a Type I titanyl phthalocyanine with a weak acid with a pKa of at least equal to or greater than about 0; dissolving the acid treated Type I titanyl phthalocyanine in a solution of a trihaloacetic acid and an alkylene halide; adding the formed mixture to a solution of an alcohol and an alkylene halide thereby precipitating a Type Y titanyl phthalocyanine; and treating the Type Y titanyl phthalocyanine with monohalobenzene thereby resulting in a high sensitivity titanyl phthalocyanine.
- -
-
Page/Page column 12; 13
(2009/01/24)
-
- Titanylphthalocyanine comprising specific polymorph and method for producing thereof, and electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising charge generating material thereof
-
The present invention relates to a titanylphthalocyanine represented by the formula (1): comprising a polymorph having a peak at a Bragg angle (2θ ± 0.2°) in X-ray diffraction spectrum with CuK α-ray: 9.0°, 9.6°, 14.1°, 14.9°, 17.9°, 18.3°, 23.4°, 24.5° and 27.2°; and and wherein Ir1 is the ratio (9.6°/9.0°) of the intensity of the peak at Bragg angle of 9.6° to the intensity of the peak at Bragg angle of 9.0°; Ir2 is the ratio (14.1°/14.9°) of the intensity of the peak at Bragg angle of 14.1 ° to the intensity of the peak at Bragg angle of 14.9°; Ir3 is the ratio (17.9°/18.3°) of the intensity of the peak at Bragg angle of 17.9° to the intensity of the peak at Bragg angle of 18.3°; and Ir4 is the ratio (24.5°/23.4°) of the intensity of the peak at Bragg angle of 24.5° to the intensity of the peak at Bragg angle of 23.4°. The present invention can provide the above novel titanylphthalocyanine having superior photoreceptor characteristics, particularly superior chargeability and photosensitivity to those of the conventional titanylphthalocyanines, and a method for producing the present titanylphthalocyanine, as well as an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a charge generating material of the present titanylphthalocyanine, which has excellent photosensitive characteristics.
- -
-
Page/Page column 9-10; 11-12
(2008/12/08)
-
- METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PIGMENT
-
Provided is a method for producing a pigment, in particular, a metal phthalocyanine, in high yield and in a green process. The method has (1) a step of obtaining a solution mixture by mixing at least one type of compound serving as a raw material for a pigment with a solvent, and (2) a step of obtaining the pigment by reacting the compound while holding the solution mixture at not less than a temperature where a subcritical state or a supercritical state of the solvent occurs.
- -
-
Page/Page column 7
(2008/12/07)
-
- Organic photosensitive pigment
-
Processes for making organic photosensitive pigments for charge generating layers of imaging members. The pigments may include titanyl phthalocyanine. The pigments may be synthesized through a partially electrochemical or purely electrochemical process. The pigments may be used in a charge generating layer of an imaging member having a substrate, the charge generating layer, and a charge transfer layer.
- -
-
Page/Page column 6-7
(2008/06/13)
-
- Oxo-titanylphthalocyanine crystal, method for producing the same, and electrographic photoreceptor
-
The invention provides an oxo-titanylphthalocyanine crystal which is stable, is superior in dispersibility in a photoreceptive layer and efficiently contributes to improvements in sensitivity and charge retention rate of an electrophotographic photoreceptor when it is used as a charge generating agent, a method for producing the oxo-titanylphthalocyanine crystal, and an electrophotographic photoreceptor. The oxo-titanylphthalocyanine crystal has predetermined optical characteristics and thermal properties and is produced by a production method including the following steps (a) to (d): (a) a step of dissolving a crude oxo-titanylphthalocyanine crystal in an acid to obtain an oxo-titanylphthalocyanine solution; (b) a step of adding the oxo-titanylphthalocyanine solution dropwise in a poor solvent to obtain a wet cake; (c) a step of washing the wet cake with an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and (d) a step of stirring the washed wet cake under heating in a nonaqueous solvent to obtain an oxo-titanylphthalocyanine crystal.
- -
-
Page/Page column 9; 21; 23; 24
(2008/06/13)
-
- Method for preparing oxytitanium phthalocyanine chartge generating material and apparatus for preparing the same
-
Disclosed herein are a method and an apparatus for preparing oxytitanium phthalocyanine as a charge generating material. The method comprises the steps of homogeneously mixing an oxytitanium phthalocyanine crude with an organic solvent while microwave energy having a frequency of 0.1?100 GHz and a power of 10?3,000 W and ultrasonic wave energy having a frequency of 1?1,000 kHz and a power of 10?5,000 W are applied thereto, and reacting the mixture at 30?100° C. for 0.5?5 hours. The apparatus comprises: a magnetron 1 capable of generating a frequency of 0.1?100 GHz and a power of 100?3,000 W; a mode stirrer 3 for making the wavelength of microwaves uniform in a microwave container 2; a PID type temperature controller 9 for accurately measurement and controlling the temperature of reactants; a K-type thermocouple shielded from microwaves 4; a condenser 5; an agitator 6, the thermocouple 4, the condenser 5 and the agitator 6 being inserted into three openings formed at a top of the microwave container 2; an ultrasonic tip 7 inserted into an opening formed at a bottom of the microwave container 2; a Pyrex container 9 into which the reactants are introduced; and a solvent tank 10. According to the method and the apparatus, an oxytitanium phthalocyanine charge generating material having superior thermal stability and crystal stability can be prepared in an efficient manner.
- -
-
Page/Page column 5
(2008/06/13)
-
- Process for preparing titanyl phthalocyanine
-
A process for preparing titanyl phthalocyanines in one reaction reactor includes the reaction of titanium tetrachloride or titanium trichloride and o-phthalodinitrile in an organic solvent such as 1-chloronaphthalene in the presence of a molecular sieve as a promoter followed by hydrolysis resulting in titanyl phthalocyanines. The prepared titanyl phthalocyanines is usable as a high-quality charge generating material and can be used as a charge generating layer in an organic photoconductor drum.
- -
-
Page/Page column 3-5
(2008/06/13)
-
- PHTHALOCYANINE COMPOSITION, AND PHOTOCONDUCTIVE MATERIAL, ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC PHOTORECEPTOR, ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC PHOTORECEPTOR CARTRIDGE, AND IMAGE-FORMING APPARATUS EACH EMPLOYING THE COMPOSITION
-
A phthalocyanine composite with high sensitivity and low environmental dependence is provided. It comprises both at least one phthalocyanine compound expressed by general formula (1) and at least one phthalocyanine compound expressed by general formula (2): where, in the general formulae (1) and (2), M 1 represents at least one arbitrary atom or atomic group that is capable of binding to a phthalocyanine, M 2 represents an atom, or an atomic group containing an atom, selected from the second and subsequent periods of the periodic table and capable of binding to a phthalocyanine, M 1 and M 2 being different in kind from each other, X 1 -X 4 represent, independently of each other, a halogen atom, and a, b, c, and d represent, independently of each other, an integer between 0 and 4 and satisfy a + b + c + d > 1.
- -
-
Page/Page column 42
(2008/06/13)
-
- Titanyl phthalocyanine, electrophotographic image bearing member, and electrophotographic apparatus
-
A titanyl phthalocyanine containing titanyl phthalocyanine crystals, at least 25 % of which have a regular tetrahedron form having a side length of from 0.1 to 1 μm or a fractured pseudo-regular tetrahedron form in which at least 15 % of the volume of the base regular tetrahedron remains, based on the total volume of all the titanyl phthlocyanine. In addition, the titanyl phthalocyanine has an X-ray diffraction spectrum such that a main peak is observed at a Bragg (2θ) angle of 27.3 ± 0.2 °.
- -
-
Page/Page column 17
(2008/06/13)
-
- Processes for the preparation of high sensitivity titanium phthalocyanines photogenerating pigments
-
A process for preparing a high sensitivity titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) pigment includes dissolving a Type I TiOPc in a suitable solvent, precipitating an intermediate TiOPc pigment by quenching the solution comprising the dissolved Type I TiOPc in a solvent system comprising an alcohol and alkylene chloride such as, for example, methylene chloride, and treating the intermediate TiOPc pigment with monochlorobenzene. The resultant TiOPc pigment, which is designated as a Type V TiOPc, is suitable for use as a charge generating material in a photoreceptor of an imaging device.
- -
-
Page/Page column 11
(2008/06/13)
-
- m-OXO CROSSLINKED DISSIMILAR METAL PHTHALOCYANINE COMPOUND AND PROCESS FOR SELECTIVELY PRODUCING THE SAME
-
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel μ-oxo bridged heterometal phthalocyanine compound, and a production method such that the μ-oxo bridged heterometal phthalocyanine compound is obtained simply, selectively and with high yield. The μ-oxo bridged heterometal phthalocyanine compound has a structure in which the central metal atom (M1) in a metal phthalocyanine including M1 as central metal thereof is oxo-bridged with the central metal M2 in a metal phthalocyanine including M2 as central metal thereof.
- -
-
Page/Page column 6
(2008/06/13)
-
- Heat-induced formation of co-crystalline composition containing titanyl phthalocyanine and titanyl fluorophthalocyanine
-
A process for forming a cocrystalline mixture of titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) and titanyl fluorophthalocyanine (TiOFPc) includes: dry milling a mixture of crude TiOPc and crude TiOFPc, thereby forming an amorphous pigment mixture of TiOPc and TiOFPc; and heating the amorphous pigment mixture at a temperature effective to form a cocrystalline composition comprising titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) and titanyl fluorophthalocyanine (TiOFPc), the cocrystalline composition being characterized by an X-ray diffraction spectrum exhibiting intensity peaks at 7.2°, 12.9°, 16.3°, 22.3°, 24.60, 26.2°, and 28.8° with respect to X-rays of Cu Kαat a wavelength of 1.54 1 ? of the Bragg angle 2θ.
- -
-
Page/Page column 4
(2008/06/13)
-
- Triarylamine dimer derivative having amorphous phase
-
A triarylamine dimer derivative is represented by the following chemical formula [1] ???(in the chemical formula [1]: -Ar1, -Ar2, -Ar3 and -Ar4 are aryl groups being to have a substitutional group respectively, -R1 and -R2 are same or different to each other and one thereof is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group and a halogen atom; m and n are from 0 to 4; and with a proviso that -Ar1 and -Ar2, -Ar3 and -Ar4 are being to bind respectively to compose a cyclic structure group having a nitrogen atom) having an amorphous phase indicated by spectrum of powder X-ray diffractometry. The triarylamine dimer derivative is used for a charge transport material, an electrophotographic photosensitive conductor having thereof, an electroluminescence elemental device having a hole transport material thereof.
- -
-
Page/Page column 17
(2008/06/13)
-
- Mu-oxo bridged heterometal compound and selective production method thereof
-
An object of the present invention is to provide a new μ-oxo bridged heterometal compound, which can make the photo-functional materials to have diversified properties, and a production method such that the μ-oxo bridged heterometal compound is obtained simply, selectively and with high yield. The present invention provides μ-oxo bridged heterometal compounds, NcM1-O-M2Nc, PcM1-O-M2Nc and NcM1-O-M2Pc wherein Nc represents naphthalocyanine, Pc represents phthalocyanine, M1 represents a metal atom which is able to have a valence of up to three, and M2 represents a metal atom which is able to have a valence of four or five.
- -
-
-
- Synthesis of dichloro phthalocyaninato complexes of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium
-
A new approach to the synthesis of dichloro phthalocyaninato complexes of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium was developed. The hydrolytic stability of the compounds synthesized was studied. All complexes were characterized by elemental analyses and IR and electronic absorption spectra.
- Tomachynski,Chernii,Volkov
-
p. 208 - 211
(2008/10/08)
-
- Method for manufacturing pigment, electrophotographic photoconductor using the pigment and electrophotographic image forming method and apparatus using the photoconductor
-
A method of manufacturing an organic pigment including the steps of providing an organic pigment wet cake which includes at least an organic pigment and a solvent and drying the organic pigment wet cake while the wet cake is heated at a temperature higher than room temperature to prepare a powder of the organic pigment, wherein the organic pigment is present in the organic pigment wet cake in an amount of not greater than about 70% by weight.
- -
-
-
- A Convenient Synthetic Method for Pure Oxo(phthalocyaninato)titanium(IV) and Application to Other Metal Phthalocyanines
-
High-yield synthesis of pure oxo(phthalocyaninato)titanium(IV) was conveniently achieved by heating a mixture of 1,2-dicyanobenzene, titanium(IV) butoxide, urea, and 1-octanol at 150 deg C.It is suggested that a key pathway of the efficient condensation reaction is the complex formation of titanium(IV) butoxide with ammonia generated by the nucleophilic attack of 1-octanol to urea.Applicabilities of this method were investigated for condensation reactions of 1,2-dicyanobenzene with other metal alkoxides.
- Yao, Jiachang,Yonehara, Hisatomo,Pac, Chyongjin
-
p. 1001 - 1005
(2007/10/02)
-
- Solvent Effects on Electronic States of Phthalocyanines
-
The absorption spectra of a ?-?* transition (the Q band) of titanium(IV) oxide phthalocyaninate (TiOpc) and phthalocyanine (H2pc) were measured in various organic solvents.It has been shown that the wavelength of the ?-?* transition is dependent on 1) the permanent dipole moment of the solvent, 2) the coordination of the solvent, and 3) the dispersion force and induced dipole moment of the solvent.A single ?-?* peak and its significant red-shift in the absorption spectrum of H2pc in trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) suggested a protonation of the inner nitrogen atoms, leading to H4pc2+.TiOpc in TFA was cleaved, followed by the release of H2pc.The overall reaction was proposed to be as follows; TiOpc + 4CF3COOH Ti(CF3COO)4 + H2O + H2pc.
- Harazono, Toshie,Takagishi, Iwao
-
p. 1016 - 1023
(2007/10/02)
-
- Synthesis, reactivity, and X-ray crystal structure of dichloro(phthalocyaninato)titanium(IV)
-
A new synthesis of dichloro(phthalocyaninato)titanium(IV), [C32H16N8Cl2Ti] (PcTiCl2), has been performed from phthalodinitrile and titanium tetrachloride in α-chloronaphthalene. Substitution reactions of the chloride ions in PcTiCl2 lead to the formation of complexes of formula PcTiX, where X = catecholate (C6H4O22-), oxalate (C2O42-), and peroxide (O22-) groups. These compounds have also been obtained by using PcTiO as starting material. Interconversion of all these species has been examined and their structure discussed on the basis of their chemical and physical behavior. Single crystals of the title compound were obtained under controlled conditions, and its X-ray crystal structure has been solved. Crystals of PcTiCl2 are triclinic (P1) with a = 8.744 (9) A?, b = 12.244 (4) A?, c = 12.835 (4) A?, α = 79.73 (3)°, β = 95.32 (6)°, γ = 103.27 (6)°, and Z = 2. The two chlorine atoms are bound to the titanium atom in a cis position (Cl-Ti-Cl angle 82.4°) with respect to the plane of the phthalocyanine molecule, with the metal considerably displaced out of the plane of the N4 chromophore (CtN4-Ti distance 0.84 A?) toward the two chlorine atoms (average Ti-Cl and Ti-N bond distances 2.087 and 2.317 A?, respectively). The Cl-Ti-Cl moiety appears to choose an intermediate position between the eclipsed and the staggered conformation relative to the Ti-N4 bond system. The structural conformation of PcTiCl2 is discussed in relation to the structure of similar species already known from the literature.
- Goedken,Dessy,Ercolani,Fares,Gastaldi
-
p. 991 - 995
(2008/10/08)
-