- Synthesis and evaluation of new phenyl acrylamide derivatives as potent non-nucleoside anti-HBV agents
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As a continuation of our previous work, a series of new phenyl acrylamide derivatives (4Aa-g, 4Ba-t, 5 and 6a-c) were designed and synthesized as non-nucleoside anti-HBV agents. Among them, compound 4Bs could potently inhibit HBV DNA replication in wild-type and lamivudine (3TC)/entecavir resistant HBV mutant strains with IC50 values of 0.19 and 0.18 μM, respectively. Notably, the selective index value of 4Bs was above 526, indicating the favorable safety profile. Interestingly, unlike nucleoside analogue 3TC, 4Bs could significantly inhibit 3.5 kb pgRNA expression. Molecular docking study revealed that 4Bs could fit well into the dimer-dimer interface of HBV core protein by hydrophobic, π–π and H-bond interactions. Considering the potent anti-HBV activity, low toxicity and diverse anti-HBV mechanism from that of nucleoside anti-HBV agent 3TC, compound 4Bs might be a promising lead to develop novel non-nucleoside anti-HBV therapeutic agents, and warranted further investigation.
- Gu, Xiaoke,Zhang, Yinpeng,Zou, Yueting,Li, Xin,Guan, Mingyu,Zhou, Qingqing,Qiu, Jingying
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 2-Amidoacrylates
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Earth-abundant nickel, coordinated with a suitable chiral bisphosphine ligand, was found to be an efficient catalyst for the asymmetric hydrogenation of 2-amidoacrylates, affording the chiral α-amino acid esters in quantitative yields and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 96 % ee). The active catalyst component was studied by NMR and HRMS, which helped us to realize high catalytic efficiency on a gram scale with a low catalyst loading (S/C=2000). The hydrogenated products could be simply converted into chiral α-amino acids, β-amino alcohols, and their bioactive derivatives. Furthermore, the catalytic mechanism was investigated using deuterium-labeling experiments and computational calculations.
- Chen, Jianzhong,Gridnev, Ilya D.,Hu, Yawen,Li, Bowen,Zhang, Wanbin,Zhang, Zhenfeng
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supporting information
p. 5371 - 5375
(2020/02/15)
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- Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization and Polymerization Abilities of Blue and Green Light Emitting Oxazol-5-one Fluorophores
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New fluorescent thiophenyl group containing oxazol-5-one fluorophores of 3a (4-(3-thiophenylmethylene)-2-phenyloxazol-5-one), 3b (4-(3-thiophenylmethylene)-2-(4-tolyl)oxazol-5-one) and 3c (4-(3-thiophenylmethylene)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)oxazol-5-one) were synthesized and characterized. The newly synthesized oxazol-5-ones absorption and fluorescence characteristics were studied in some solvents of varying polarities. The heterocyclic chromophores were fluorescent, with two of them, 3a and 3b, emitting blue light, whilst the other one, 3c, emitting green light. The emission maxima of the derivatives varied between 415 and 572?nm according as the extent of conjugation and solvent polarity. As solvent polarity increased, 3c derivatives emission spectra displayed a large bathochromic shift, which revealed the considerable change of the dipole moment of the fluorescent structure because of an intramolecular charge transfer interaction. Furthermore, oxazolones polymerization ability via the thiophenyl group linked to the oxazol-5-one heterocycle showed that copolymerization of 3a was achieved, but homopolymerization was not observed.
- Urut, Gulsiye Ozturk,Aydin, Seher,Topkaya, Derya,Sahin, Elif,Alp, Serap
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p. 735 - 741
(2018/05/26)
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- Synthesis and cytotoxicity of novel dispiro derivatives of 5-arylidenoxazolones, potential inhibitors of p53—MDM2 protein-protein interaction
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Regioselective synthesis of new dispiro indolinones combining both an indolinone and an oxazolone fragment in their structure comprised the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides, generated in situ from isatin and sarcosine, at 2-aryl-5-arylmethylidene-substituted 1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-ones. When ortho and para halogen atoms were present in the aromatic substituents of the starting oxazolones, complex mixtures containing large amounts of oxazoline ring opening products and their dispiro derivatives were formed. The cytotoxicity of compounds was tested by MTT on LNCaP, PC3, HCT116, MCF7, A549, HEK, and VA13 cell lines. The compound possessing the best cytotoxicity revealed the IC50 = 1.08±0.96 μM towards the p53- expressing LNCaP cells and lower activity (IC50 = 3.21±1.45 μM) towards the non-expressing p53 protein PC3 cells, however, it has proved inactive towards the HCT cells, both expressing (HCТ+/+) and non-expressing (HCT–/–) p53.
- Beloglazkina,Skvortsov,Tafeenko,Majouga,Zyk,Beloglazkina
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p. 562 - 569
(2018/07/06)
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- Supported ruthenium hydride catalysts for direct conversion of alcohols to carboxylic acids using styrene oxide as oxidant
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In the present work, the ability of two ruthenium hydride catalysts supported on multiwall carbon nanotubes, [Ru–H@EDT–MWCNT], and gold nanoparticles cored triazine dendrimer, [Ru–H@AuNPs–TD], in the direct conversion of alcohols to carboxylic acids via transfer hydrogenation using styrene oxide as oxidant is reported. Different alcohols were successfully converted to their corresponding carboxylic acids. The results showed that these two heterogeneous catalysts are more efficient than the homogeneous counterpart. In addition, the catalysts were reused several times.
- Ghafouri, Moloud,Moghadam, Majid,Mehrani, Kheirollah,Daneshvar, Anahita
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- Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of the Anticancer Properties of a Novel Series of Imidazolone Fused Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine Derivatives
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A novel series of imidazolone fused pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives has been designed and synthesized using a convergent approach, and the structures of these compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI-MS, and IR analyses. These new compounds were tested for their in vitro antiproliferative activity using an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Out of the 20 derivatives prepared in the current study, compounds 8h, 8n, and 8r exhibited good anticancer activities tested against HeLa cells and HepG2 cells. However, the in vitro anticancer activity of compound 8r against HeLa, HepG2, and MCF-7 cell lines is superior to the marketed drugs Paclitaxel and SAHA.
- Ajeesh Kumar,Bodke, Yadav D.,Gowda, Ashwath N.,Sambasivam, Ganesh,Bhat, Kishore G.
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p. 1904 - 1924
(2017/05/29)
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- Synthesis and characterization of new green and orange region emitting anthracene based oxazol-5-one dyes
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New anthracene oxazol-5-one dyes featuring an extended π-conjugated electron system have been successfully prepared by Erlenmeyer synthesis, structurally characterized and their spectroscopic properties were investigated by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The oxazol-5-ones were attached to the 9-position of the anthracene to obtain the desired structures. The dyes are having extended conjugation throughout their structure with oxazol-5-one ring as the chromophore. The spectral properties of the oxazol-5-one ring were monitored with respect to the substituents at the phenyl ring. All of the dyes synthesized show good solubility in common organic solvents. Also in order to establish whether there was any solvent affects the absorption and emission spectra of the compounds were measured in the solvents of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran and chloroform which have different polarity. Moreover, their absorption and emission properties were investigated in plasticized PVC film matrix. In comparison to the solution phase, the dyes displayed enhanced fluorescence emission quantum yield values when embedded in poly(vinyl chloride) polymer film. The anthracene based oxazol-5-ones were found to emit in the green portion of the spectrum for 2a and 2b, and in the orange portion of the spectrum for 2c. By attachment of nitro substituent at the para position of the phenyl ring bound to oxazol-5-one core, the fluorescence maxima could be effectively modulated from the green region of the spectra to the orange region. 4-(9-anthralydene)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)oxazol-5-one (2c) exhibits large Stokes shift up to 146 nm presumably due to intramolecular charge transfer.
- Ozturk Urut, Gulsiye,Alp, Serap,Topkaya, Derya
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p. 103 - 109
(2017/06/06)
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- Synthesis and biological testing of (5Z)-2-aryl-5-arylmethylidene-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-ones as antimitotic agents
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Compounds interacting with cell protein tubulin and microtubules represent an important type of antimitotic agents. A series of tubulin-targeted 2-aryl-4-benzoyl-imidazoles were reported to possess high cytotoxicity, and so, we prepared a series of structural isomers of these to be evaluated as antimitotic agents. The synthesis of the novel (Z)-2-aryl-5-arylmethylidene-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-ones involved coupling of substituted hippuric acids with aromatic aldehydes. Subsequent conversion of the resulting oxazolones to the corresponding imidazolones was carried out under microwave irradiation in the presence of urea and ammonium acetate. The cytotoxicity of the majority of the compounds to human epithelial carcinoma cancer cell line A549 was in the sub-micromolar range and was found to be more sensitive to the substituents on the 5-arylmethylidene fragment than on the 2-aryl ring in general. The cytotoxicities of the synthesized compounds were lower than those of the previously reported isomeric 2-aryl-4-benzoyl-imidazoles, and the basic structure–activity relationships in the isomeric pairs were different. Synthesized (5Z)-5-[(4-bromophenyl)methylidene]-2-(4-methylphenyl)-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one, which had the highest cytotoxicity (IC50?~?440?nM) in the series of novel compounds, had a definite cytostatic effect on the A549 cells, but its antiproliferative properties were not linked to action on the microtubules. This would be an interesting lead compound for additional investigation into the mechanism of cytostatic action, and further structural optimization.
- Beloglazkina, Anastasia A.,Wobith, Birgit,Barskaia, Elena S.,Zefirov, Nikolay A.,Majouga, Alexander G.,Beloglazkina, Elena K.,Zyk, Nikolay V.,Kuznetsov, Sergei A.,Zefirova, Olga N.
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p. 1239 - 1249
(2016/07/06)
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- Synthesis and Quantitative Structure-activity Relationships Study for Arylpropenamide Derivatives as Inhibitors of Hepatitis B Virus Replication
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A series of new arylpropenamide derivatives containing different aryl groups were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activities. A new high accuracy QSAR model of arylpropenamide was constructed based on a more completely activities data and calculation parameter. The 2D-QSAR equations, by using DFT and multiple linear regression analysis methods, revealed that higher value of thermal energy (TE) and lower entropy (S?) increase the anti-HBV activities of the arylpropenamide molecules. Predictive 3D-QSAR models were established by SYBYL multifit molecular alignment rule. The optimum models were all statistically significant with cross-validated and conventional coefficients, indicating that they were reliable enough for activity prediction.
- Min, Ma,Xingjun, Jiang,Xueding, Wang,Hao, Zou,Weiqing, Yang,Yuanyuan, Zhang,Changrong, Peng,Zicheng, Li,Jing, Yang,Quan, Du,Menglin, Ma
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p. 451 - 459
(2016/10/19)
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- Development and evaluation of ST-1829 based on 5-benzylidene-2-phenylthiazolones as promising agent for anti-leukotriene therapy
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Different inflammatory diseases and allergic reactions are mediated by leukotrienes, which arise from the oxygenation of arachidonic acid catalyzed by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). One promising approach for an effective anti-leukotriene therapy is the inhibition of this key enzyme. This study presents the synthesis and development of a potent and direct 5-LO inhibitor based on the well characterized 5-benzylidene-2-phenylthiazolone C06, whose further pharmacological investigation was precluded due to its low solubility. Through optimization of C06, evaluation of structure-activity relationships including profound assessment of the thiazolone core and consideration of the solubility, the 5-benzyl-2-phenyl-4-hydroxythiazoles represented by 46 (ST-1829, 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-p-tolylthiazol-4-ol) were developed. Compound 46 showed an improved 5-LO inhibitory activity in cell-based (ICinf50/inf values 0.141/4M) and cell-free assays (ICinf50/inf values 0.03 1/4M) as well as a prominent enhanced solubility. Furthermore, it kept its promising inhibitory potency in the presence of blood serum, excluding excessive binding to serum proteins. These facts combined with the non-cytotoxic profile mark a major step towards an effective anti-inflammatory therapy.
- Lill, Andreas P.,R?dl, Carmen B.,Steinhilber, Dieter,Stark, Holger,Hofmann, Bettina
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p. 503 - 523
(2014/12/11)
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- Palladium-catalyzed ortho-arylation of benzoic acid derivatives via C-H bond activation using an aminoacetic acid bidentate directing group
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A highly efficient protocol for the palladium-catalyzed ortho-arylation of benzoic acid derivatives by aryl iodides is described with an aminoacetic acid based N,O bidentate directing group. This protocol can be applied to various benzoyl aminoacetic acids and aryl iodides with both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. Remarkably, the nature of a new directing group drives selective C-H bond activation to afford only monoarylation products in good to excellent yields.
- Zhou, Xiaomeng,Wang, Qing,Zhao, Weihua,Xu, Songsong,Zhang, Wei,Chen, Junmin
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supporting information
p. 851 - 855
(2015/01/30)
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- 5(4H)-Oxazolones as Novel Antitubercular Agents: Synthesis, Characterisation and Structure Activity Study
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In search of novel anti tubercular agents, a series of twelve 4-(substituted benzylidene)-2-p-tolyloxazol-5(4H)-ones (5a-5l) has been synthesized, characterised and subjected to evaluate their antitubercular activity for the first time against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294). The out-put of these studies disclosed that all the synthesized target molecules of the series displayed good to moderate activity with MIC values ranging 2-32 μg/mL in comparison with the standard first line antitubercular drugs Rifampicin and Isoniazid. Compound 5e with three methoxy groups meta to each other, is the most distinctive compound identified amongst the series, because of its remarkable in vitro antitubercular activity and thus may act as a promising lead molecule for further explorations.
- Suhasini,Chintakindi, Praveen K.,Chaguruswamy,Murthy
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p. 855 - 860
(2015/10/29)
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- Lewis acid catalyzed formation of 3-amino-3-carboxy-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives via tandem 1,5-hydride transfer/cyclization process
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A Sc(OTf)3-catalyzed intramolecular tandem 1,5-hydride transfer/cyclization process to construct 3-amino-3-carboxy-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives has been developed. The methodology gives access to a range of relatively complex tetrahydroquinolines (tetracyclic and pentacyclic heterocycles bearing spirocyclic skeleton and two stereogenic centers) in good to excellent yields with diastereoselectivities ranging from 57:43 to 73:27. The synthetic utility of the method was also demonstrated by an efficient ring opening derivatization reaction.
- Han, Wen-Yong,Zuo, Jian,Wu, Zhi-Jun,Zhang, Xiao-Mei,Yuan, Wei-Cheng
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p. 7019 - 7025
(2013/07/26)
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- Ruthenium hydride catalyzed direct oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids via transfer hydrogenation: Styrene oxide as oxygen source
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Direct oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids using styrene epoxide as oxidant in the presence of [RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)3] complex as catalyst is reported. By this catalytic system, a variety of primary alcohols including substituted benzyl alcohols as well as linear ones were directly converted into carboxylic acids in good to excellent yields. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York.
- Barati, Behjat,Moghadam, Majid,Rahmati, Abbas,Tangestaninejad, Shahram,Mirkhani, Valiollah,Mohammadpoor-Baltork, Iraj
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supporting information
p. 90 - 96
(2013/02/23)
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- Direct oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids over ruthenium hydride catalyst with diphenyl sulfoxide oxidant
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In the present work, a new method for the synthesis of carboxylic acids over ruthenium hydride catalyst is reported. Direct oxidation of alcohols to their corresponding carboxylic acids with diphenyl sulfoxide oxidant over RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)3 catalyst was investigated. Mild reaction conditions, short reaction times and excellent yields make this method as an appealing way for preparation of carboxylic acids.
- Barati, Behjat,Moghadam, Majid,Rahmati, Abbas,Mirkhani, Valiollah,Tangestaninejad, Shahram,Mohammadpoor-Baltork, Iraj
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p. 114 - 117
(2013/03/29)
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- A convenient method for synthesis of 5-chloro-2-aryloxazole-4-carbaldehyde with vilsmeier reagent
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A convenient method for synthesis of 5-chloro-2-aryloxazole-4-carbaldehyde 3 in moderate to good yields had been developed via the Vilsmeier reaction of readily available N-arylglycine 2 at 100 °C, provided a novel route for the construction of nitrogen heterocycles. A series of these compounds were synthesized by this method and optimization of conditions was performed. The Japan Institute of Heterocyclic Chemistry.
- Jin, Can,Chen, Jun,Su, Weike
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experimental part
p. 153 - 161
(2011/04/21)
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- Phenylpropenamide derivatives: Anti-hepatitis B virus activity of the Z isomer, SAR and the search for novel analogs
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Phenylpropenamides have been reported to be a class of non-nucleoside inhibitors of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). This class of compounds was explored with the objective of developing potent anti-HBV agents, with a novel mechanism of action, that could be combined with nucleos(t)ide analogs currently used to treat HBV infection. To accomplish this objective a series of substituted arylpropenamide derivatives were prepared and the E and Z geometrical isomers were separated. The structural identity of each of the E and Z isomers was determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. Contrary to previous reports, the activity of this class of molecules resides in the Z isomer. Further structure-activity relationship studies around the active Z isomer identified compounds that displayed potent antiviral activity against HBV with EC90 value of approximately 0.5 μM in vitro. Attempts to develop ring constrained analogs did not lead to active HBV inhibitors.
- Wang, Peiyuan,Naduthambi, Devan,Mosley, Ralph T.,Niu, Congrong,Furman, Phillip A.,Otto, Michael J.,Sofia, Michael J.
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scheme or table
p. 4642 - 4647
(2011/09/12)
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- A facile synthesis of N-formylbenzamides by oxidative decarboxylation of N-aroylglycine induced by Ag+/S2O82-
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A facile method is described for the synthesis of N-formylbenzamides by oxidative decarboxylation of N-aroylglycine using catalytic silver(I) and 2 equivalents of ammonium persulfate as an oxidant in a biphasic system (CHCl 3/water).
- Huang, Wenhua,Zhang, Li'e
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p. 738 - 739
(2007/10/03)
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- Ethanolysis of 4- (N, N-dimethylaminomemylene)-2-aryl-2-oxazolin-5-ones with sodium ethoxide in ethanol at reflux temperature: Unusual formation of N-acyl-α-amino acids
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The ethanolysis of 4-(N, N - dimethylaminomethylene)-2-aryl-2-oxazolin-5-ones 1 with sodium ethoxide in ethanol at reflux temperature leads to the formation of N-acyl-α-amino acids 3. Further, the reaction of 4-hydroxymethylene-2-phenyl-2-oxazolin-5 one 4 with sodium ethoxide in ethanol at reflux temperature also gives product 3a. The plausible mechanism has been proposed.
- Singh, Ram S.
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p. 1296 - 1299
(2007/10/03)
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- Injectable extended release formulations and methods
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Described is a preferred injectable, extended release formulation which includes a growth hormone or a growth hormone releasing factor in a carrier including a biocompatible hydrophobic vehicle and an amount of polyglycerol ester effective to extend release of the growth hormone or growth hormone releasing factor in an animal. Other preferred embodiments provide methods for making a composition for treating an animal with a growth hormone or growth hormone releasing factor, and methods for administering these substances to an animal.
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- Superactive GRF analogs
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The instant invention provides amino-terminal-modified growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) analogs of superior activity and potency when compared to native GRF or previously described GRF analogs. The invention also provides amino-terminal-modified GRF analogs comprising GRF peptides incorporating selected amino acid modifications from the naturally occurring forms of the GRF peptides. Superior analogs of bovine, porcine, human, and other species of GRF are described. The invention also provides a method of promoting the release of growth hormone using the compounds of the invention. The invention also provides pharmaceutical formulations of the compounds of the invention. The invention also provides methods of treatment of various maladies stemming from insufficient growth hormone levels using the compounds of the invention. The invention also provides a method for increasing the lean muscle mass of mammals by adminstering compounds of the invention.
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- Synthesis and in Vitro Aldolase Reductase Inhibitory Activity of Compounds Containing an N-Acylglycine Moiety
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A number of N-benzoylglycines (6), N-acetyl-N-phenylglycines (7), N-benzoyl-N-phenylglycines (8), and tricyclic N-acetic acids (9-12) were synthesized as analogues of the N-acylglycine-containing aldolase reductase inhibitors alrestatin and 2-oxoquinoline-1-acetic acid.Derivatives of 6, which represent ring-simplified analogues of alrestatin, are very weak inhibitors of aldolase reductase obtained from rat lens, producing 50percent inhibition only at concentrations exceeding 100 μM.Compounds of series 7 were designed as ring-opened analogues of the 2-oxoquinolines.While this derivatives are more potent than compounds of series 6 (IC 50s of 6-80 μM), they are less active than the corresponding 2-oxoquinolines.Analogues of series 8 were designed as hybrid structures of both alrestatin and the 2-oxoquinoline-1-acetic acids.These compounds are substantially more potent than compounds of series 6 and 7 and display inhibitory activities comparable to or greater than alrestatin or the 2-oxoquinolines (IC 50s of 0.1-10 μM).Of the rigid analogues of 8, the most potent derivative is benzoxindol (12) with an IC 50 of 0.67 μM, suggesting that fusion of the two aromatic rings of 8 in a coplanar conformation may optimize affinity for aldose reductase in this series.
- DeRuiter, Jack,Swearingen, Blake E.,Wandrekar, Vinay,Mayfield, Charles A.
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p. 1033 - 1038
(2007/10/02)
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- Composition containing a penem or carbapenem antibiotic and the use of the same
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Administration of an N-acylated amino acid in association with a penem or carbapenem antibiotic relieves or eliminates the renal problems associated with administration of the antibiotic alone. The amino acid derivative and antibiotic may be formulated together as a composition or administered separately, either simultaneously or sequentially.
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- Composition containing a penem or carbapenem antibiotic
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Administration of an N-acylated amino acid in association with a penem or carbapenem antibiotic relieves or eliminates the renal problems associated with administration of the antibiotic alone. The amino acid derivative and antibiotic may be formulated together as a composition or administered separately, either simultaneously or sequentially. The composition may be prepared by simple mixing.
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- Structure-Reactivity Studies on the Equilibrium Reaction between Phenolate Ions and 2-Aryloxazolin-5-ones: Data Consistent with a Concerted Acyl-Group-Transfer Mechanism
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The rate and equilibrium constants for the reaction between phenolate anions and 2-aryloxazolin-5-ones have been measured as a function of the structures Ar and Ar'.The change in "effective" charge on both phenol-leaving oxygen and endocyclic oxygen from ground to transition state, as determined from the relevant Broensted parameters, is substantial and essentially additive consistent with a concerted displacement mechanism.The stepwise mechanism requires a small change in effective charge on the phenol oxygen because departure of phenolate ion from the tetrahedral intermediate cannot be rate limiting.Hydroxide ion attack on the C-5 atom of the oxazolinone to yield a benzoylglycine has a Hammett ?- dependence which can only arise from a concerted displacement; the rate-limiting step for the stepwise mechanism is the addition of hydroxide and the transition state of the rate-limiting step will therefore not involve much endocyclic C-O bond fission.An inverse deuterium oxide solvent isotope effect indicates that the observed general-acid catalysis has a specific-acid/nucleophilic mechanism; both hydroxide and oxonium ion catalysis are demonstrated by using 18O-labeling experiments to involve nucleophilic attack at the carbonyl (C-5) center.The equilibrium constant for reaction of azide ion with 2-phenyloxazolin-5-ones has been measured; it is suggested that the absence of racemization during azide coupling in peptide synthesis is related to the very unfavorable equilibrium constant for oxazolinone formation compared with that of activated oxygen esters.
- Curran, Terence C,Farrar, Charles R.,Niazy, Omima,Williams, Andrew
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p. 6828 - 6837
(2007/10/02)
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