- Immunoassay for Simazine and Atrazine with Low Cross-Reactivity for Propazine
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An antibody for simazine and atrazine has been developed that exhibits low cross-reactivity to propazine relative to most atrazine antibodies heretofore evaluated. The cross-reactivities obtained in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were 100 ± 4% for simazine, 76 ± 9% for atrazine, and 12.6 ± 1.3% for propazine. This was achieved by immunizing rabbits with the hapten 6-[[[4-chloro-6-(methylamino)]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]hexanoic acid coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. The influence of tracer hapten structure on the assay sensitivity was investigated in two competitive formats. The performance of the assay with respect to pH differences and ionic strength was also examined. The lowest IC50 values achieved for simazine were in the 0.1 μg/L range, with the limit of quantitation being 50 ng/L. Spike-recovery studies in tap and ground water as well as analysis of crude ground water samples show the usefulness of this sensitive antibody for simazine detection.
- Wortberg, Monika,Goodrow, Marvin H.,Gee, Shirley J.,Hammock, Bruce D.
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Read Online
- Nanomolar-Potency Aminophenyl-1,3,5-triazine Activators of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Chloride Channel for Prosecretory Therapy of Dry Eye Diseases
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Dry eye disorders are a significant health problem for which limited therapeutic options are available. CFTR is a major prosecretory chloride channel at the ocular surface. We previously identified, by high-throughput screening, aminophenyl-1,3,5-triazine CFTRact-K089 (1) that activated CFTR with EC50 ≈ 250 nM, which when delivered topically increased tear fluid secretion in mice and showed efficacy in an experimental dry eye model. Here, functional analysis of aminophenyl-1,3,5-triazine analogs elucidated structure-activity relationships for CFTR activation and identified substantially more potent analogs than 1. The most potent compound, 12, fully activated CFTR chloride conductance with EC50 ≈ 30 nM, without causing cAMP or calcium elevation. 12 was rapidly metabolized by hepatic microsomes, which supports its topical use. Single topical administration of 25 pmol of 12 increased tear volume in wild-type mice with sustained action for 8 h and was without effect in CFTR-deficient mice. Topically delivered 12 may be efficacious in human dry eye diseases.
- Lee, Sujin,Phuan, Puay-Wah,Felix, Christian M.,Tan, Joseph-Anthony,Levin, Marc H.,Verkman, Alan S.
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Read Online
- Discovery of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors through DNA-encoded library technology (ELT)
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Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has recently emerged as a new approach to treat cardiovascular disease and respiratory disease. Inhibitors based on 1,3,5-triazine chemotype were discovered through affinity selection against two triazine-base
- Ding, Yun,Belyanskaya, Svetlana,DeLorey, Jennifer L.,Messer, Jeffrey A.,Joseph Franklin,Centrella, Paolo A.,Morgan, Barry A.,Clark, Matthew A.,Skinner, Steven R.,Dodson, Jason W.,Li, Peng,Marino, Joseph P.,Israel, David I.
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- Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking study on triazine based derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents
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In an attempt to develop new anti-inflammatory agents, design, synthesis, pharmacological activities, and docking study of two groups of triazine-based derivatives were reported. Nine compounds (5a-5d and 10a-10e) consisting of triazine, vanillin, and phenylpyrazole were synthesized through the pharmacophore hybridization method. After confirmation of the structure of the synthesized compounds using spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, and NMR spectral data), their anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema model in male Wistar rats (200–220 g) administered intraperitoneally at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg. A group of rats received indomethacin (10 mg/kg) as the standard drug. Among compounds 5a to 5d, only compounds 5c and 5d showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect (p 0.01). Also compound 10a at a dose of (200 mg/kg) and compounds 10b, 10c, 10d and 10e at both doses showed significant anti-inflammatory activity and this effect for 10a (200 mg/kg) and both doses of 10b and 10e was comparable with indomethacin. While indomethacin reduced paw edema by 90%, 10b as the most potent tested compound reduced edema by 93%. The synthesized compounds were docked into the binding sites of both cyclooxygenase-1- and 2- isoenzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) to explore their binding mode and possible interactions of these ligands.
- Alvani, Mohsen,Asadi, Parvin,Hajhashemi, Valiollah,Khodarahmi, Ghadamali,Rostami, Mahboubeh
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- Glass engineering of aminotriazine-based materials with sub-ambient: T gand high kinetic stability
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A challenge in glass engineering is the design of molecular glasses combining a high glass kinetic stability (GS) of the amorphous phase with a low (sub-ambient) glass transition temperature (Tg). Triazine derivatives with arylamino substituents readily form glassy phases that can show outstanding resistance to crystallization. In the present study, a series of 12 analogous compounds incorporating phenylamino and cyclohexylamino groups was synthesized, and their thermal properties and intermolecular interactions were studied. All compounds possess an excellent glass-forming ability, a low Tg ranging from 32 °C to as low as -19 °C, and a high GS. While the cyclohexyl derivatives show higher Tg, the phenyl derivatives possess a higher GS with some compounds remaining completely amorphous for over three years despite their sub-ambient Tg. X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and DFT calculations reveal that the higher volume occupancy and rotational energy barrier of cyclohexyl groups are the main factors responsible for the compounds' higher Tg values but that they also contribute to their higher propensity to crystallize. In counterpart, the planarity of phenyl groups leads to poorer packing and enhances their GS while keeping their Tg well below ambient. The formation of hydrogen bonds or competing interactions provides an additional handle to tune the Tg of the compounds. Taken together, these studies provide guidelines for the design of molecular glasses with readily tunable thermal properties in view of their functionalization. This journal is
- Iankovitch, Anna,Jokar, Mahboubeh,Kara Ali, Zeinab,Lebel, Olivier,Maris, Thierry,Pellerin, Christian
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p. 4275 - 4288
(2020/07/10)
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- Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Ogerin-Based Positive Allosteric Modulators for G Protein-Coupled Receptor 68 (GPR68)
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G protein-coupled receptor 68 (GPR68) is an understudied orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). It is expressed most abundantly in the brain, potentially playing important roles in learning and memory. Pharmacological studies with GPR68 have been hinde
- Yu, Xufen,Huang, Xi-Ping,Kenakin, Terry P.,Slocum, Samuel T.,Chen, Xin,Martini, Michael L.,Liu, Jing,Jin, Jian
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p. 7557 - 7574
(2019/09/09)
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- CHLOROBENZENE SUBSTITUTED AZAARYL COMPOUNDS
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The invention provides a series of chlorobenzene substituted azaaryl compounds having activity in inhibiting cancer cell growth and low toxicity to normal cells. Particularly, the compounds of the invention have stronger inhibition effect on bladder cance
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Paragraph 0062
(2017/02/09)
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- CFTR REGULATORS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF
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Provided herein are compounds that activate CFTR and methods for treating constipation, dry eye disorders, and other diseases and disorders.
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Paragraph 0552
(2017/07/14)
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- One ring to rule them all: Effect of aryl substitution on glass-forming ability in mexylaminotriazine molecular glasses
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Mexylaminotriazines are an exciting new class of small molecules capable of forming glassy phases (molecular glasses) that have shown outstanding glass-forming properties and resistance to crystallization. The effect of the structure of the 'headgroup' at the 2-position of the triazine ring on glass-forming properties has been studied, but the role of the arylamino substituents is unclear, though it has been shown that one of the aryl groups can be substituted with other aryl groups without loss of glass-forming ability. Herein, a library of mexylaminotriazine derivatives with various arylamino and cycloalkylamino groups has been synthesized and characterized. It was found that glass-forming ability is tolerant to a wide range of substituents, with all the compounds reported being capable of forming glassy phases, and only one compound crystallizing upon heating. On the other hand, the structure of the ancillary group has a profound impact on the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the compounds, with values ranging from 52 to 131 °C having been obtained. Several trends between substitution pattern and T g were observed.
- Eren, Rukan N.,Plante, Andre,Meunier, Alexandre,Huang, Yishen,Briard, Jennie G.,Creber, Kelvin J.,Lebel, Olivier,Soldera, Armand,Laventure, Audrey,Pellerin, Christian
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p. 10130 - 10144,15
(2020/09/02)
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- Identification and optimization of inhibitors of trypanosomal cysteine proteases: Cruzain, rhodesain, and TbCatB
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Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei are parasites that cause Chagas' disease and African sleeping sickness, respectively. Both parasites rely on essential cysteine proteases for survival: cruzain for T. cruzi and TbCatB/rhodesain for T. brucei. A rec
- Mott, Bryan T.,Ferreira, Rafaela S.,Simeonov, Anton,Jadhav, Ajit,Ang, Kenny Kean-Hooi,Leister, William,Shen, Min,Silveira, Julia T.,Doyle, Patricia S.,Arkin, Michelle R.,McKerrow, James H.,Inglese, James,Austin, Christopher P.,Thomas, Craig J.,Shoichet, Brian K.,Maloney, David J.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 52 - 60
(2010/04/29)
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- NOVEL sEH INHIBITORS AND THEIR USE
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The invention is directed to novel sEH inhibitors and their use in the treatment of diseases mediated by the sEH enzyme. Specifically, the invention is directed to compounds according to Formula I: wherein R1, R2, R5a, R6a, A, B, Y, I, and m are defined below, and to pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof. The compounds of the invention are sEH inhibitors and can be used in the treatment of diseases mediated by the sEH enzyme, such as hypertension. Accordingly, the invention is further directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention. The invention is still further directed to methods of inhibiting sEH and treatment of conditions associated therewith using a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention.
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Page/Page column 30
(2009/05/28)
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- NOVEL SEH INHIBITORS AND THEIR USE
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The invention is directed to novel sEH inhibitors and their use in the treatment of diseases mediated by the sEH enzyme. Specifically, the invention is directed to compounds according to Formula I: (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R5a, R6a A, B, Y, x, and m are defined below, and to pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof. The compounds of the invention are sEH inhibitors and can be used in the treatment of diseases mediated by the sEH enzyme, such as hypertension. Accordingly, the invention is further directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention. The invention is still further directed to methods of inhibiting sEH and treatment of conditions associated therewith using a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention.
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Page/Page column 28; 39; 41; 43; 45
(2009/05/28)
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- NOVEL SEH INHIBITORS AND THEIR USE
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The invention is directed to novel sEH inhibitors and their use in the treatment of diseases mediated by the sEH enzyme.
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Page/Page column 40
(2008/12/07)
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- N-ALKYL MELAMINE FORMALDEHYDE CROSS-LINKING AND CURABLE COMPOSITIONS
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This invention relates to bis-N-alkyl melamine formaldehyde cross-linking composition or a mixture of bis- and tris-N-alkyl melamine formaldehyde cross-linking composition. This invention also contemplates curable compositions comprising the bis-N-alkyl melamine formaldehyde composition and an active hydrogen-containing material. The invention further encompasses a curable composition comprising a mixture of bis- and tris-N-alkyl melamine formaldehyde compounds and an active hydrogen-containing material.
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(2008/06/13)
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- TRIAZINES SUITABLE FOR USE IN FABRIC TREATMENT COMPOSITIONS
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A water-soluble, triazine-based, non-dye, cellulose cross-linking agent that has a highly flexible linking group between at least two, mono-reactive cross-linking moieties and further hydrophilic or non-hydrophilic substituents, being preferrably represented by the general formula (I): (R1)(X1)T-L1-B-T(X2)(R2) wherein: R1 et R2 are cellulose-unreactive substituent groups on the s-triazine (T) and may be the same or different, X1 and X2 are leaving groups on the s-triazine which are lost on reaction with cellulose and may be the same or different, L1 et L2 are linking groups, an may be the same or different or absent, B is the bridging group comprising or consisting of at least one aliphatic polyoalkylene chain.
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Page/Page column 19
(2010/02/15)
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- PYRIDINYL ACETONITRILES
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The present invention is related to pyridinyl acetonitriles as well as to pharmaceutical formulations containing such pyridinyl acetonitriles. Said pyridinyl acetonitriles are modulators of the protein kinase signalling pathways, particularly the one involving Glycogen Kinase Synthase 3 or JNK. The present invention is furthermore related to methods of preparing pyridinyl acetonitriles. X is a substituted or unsubstituted pyridinyl. G is an unsubstituted or substituted pyrimidinyl or triazinyl.
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Page/Page column 45
(2010/02/09)
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- AZOLE METHYLIDENE CYANIDE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS PROTEIN KINASE MODULATORS
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The present invention is related to azole derivatives notably for use as pharmaceutically active compounds, as well as to pharmaceutical formulations containing such azole derivatives. Said azole derivatives are modulators of the protein kinase signalling pathways, particularly the one involving c-Jun N-terminal kinase and/or Glycogen Kinase Synthase 3. The present invention is furthermore related to novel azole derivatives as well as to methods of their preparation. X is O, S or NR0, with R0 being H or an unsubstituted or substituted C1 -C6 alkyl; A is 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl or triazinyl group.
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