- A chromatography-free synthesis of racemic salbutamol hemisulfate
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Our efforts to achieve an efficient synthesis of racemic salbutamol hemisulfate are described. The selected chemical route starts from commodity chemicals and allows the generation of salbutamol hemisulfate in 5 steps and 44% overall yield without any purification by column chromatography. The reaction sequence has been optimized to provide the title compound using robust procedures. Emphasis on reproducibility and experimental simplicity drove the work described herein.
- Vanoost, Agathe,Petit, Laurent
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supporting information
(2020/06/30)
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- Conformational control enabled by the fluorine gauche effect in a model of the β2-AR agonist salbutamol (Ventolin)
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The bronchodilator salbutamol adopts a characteristic gauche conformation about the ?O-C-C-N torsion angle. This topology is predicated on stabilizing stereoelectronic interactions of the type σ → σC-X*. X-ray crystallographic analysis of salbutamol also indicates that an intramolecular hydrogen bond reinforces this intuitive conformation (?O-C-C-N ≈ 60°). In this study, we demonstrate that single site OH → F substitution in model salbutamol systems preserves the gauche conformational preference by virtue of reinforcing hyperconjugative interactions of the type σC-H → σC-F* and σC-C → σC-N*. Since the amine remains fully protected throughout this conformational analysis, intramolecular hydrogen bonding can be discounted. Conformational mimesis is confirmed by NMR spectroscopy in solution, and also in the solid state.
- Teschers, Charlotte S.,Daniliuc, Constantin G.,Kehr, Gerald,Gilmour, Ryan
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- A multivalent approach to the discovery of long-acting β2- adrenoceptor agonists for the treatment of asthma and COPD
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A multivalent approach was applied to the design of long-acting inhaled β2-adrenoceptor agonists. A series of dimeric arylethanolamines based on the short acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist albuterol were prepared, varying the nature and length of the linker between the basic nitrogens. None of the C2-symmetric dimers demonstrated increased potency, however dimer 5j, derived from 4-phenethylamine, was found to have increased binding potency in vitro relative to the parent monomer. Optimization of this structure led to the identification of 22 (milveterol) which demonstrates high potency in vitro and long duration of action in a guinea pig model of bronchoprotection.
- Jacobsen, John R.,Choi, Seok Ki,Combs, Jesse,Fournier, Eric J.L.,Klein, Uwe,Pfeiffer, Juergen W.,Thomas, G. Roger,Yu, Cecile,Moran, Edmund J.
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scheme or table
p. 1213 - 1218
(2012/03/11)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SALMETEROL AND ITS INTERMEDIATES
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The present invention discloses a process for the preparation of methyl 2-(benzyloxy)- 5-(2-bromoacetyl)benzoate (V), comprising: (d) benzylating methyl-5-acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoate (VIII) with benzyl chloride in the presence of a base and a catalyst in a suitable polar solvent to obtain 5-acetyl-2- benzyloxy benzoate (VII); (e) brominating methyl 5-acetyl-2-(benzyloxy)benzoate (VII) with a suitable brominating agent in one or more suitable' solvents in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain methyl 2-(benzyloxy)-5-(2-bromoacetyl)benzoate V; (c) optionally, purifying the methyl 2-(benzyloxy)-5-(2-bromoacetyl)benzoate (V) in a suitable solvent; and (f) isolating the methyl 2-(benzyloxy)-5-(2-bromoacetyl)benzoate (V).
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Page/Page column 25
(2012/03/27)
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- SPIROKETONE ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE INHIBITORS
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The invention provides compounds of Formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said compound, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are as described herein; pharmaceutical compositions thereof; and the use thereof in treating mammals suffering from the condition of being overweight.
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Page/Page column 36-37
(2008/12/06)
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- PHENYL SUBSTITUTED PYRAZINOYLGUANIDINE SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS POSSESSING BETA AGONIST ACTIVITY
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The present invention relates to sodium channel blockers. The present invention also includes a variety of methods of treatment using these inventive sodium channel blockers.
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Page/Page column 52; 83-84
(2008/06/13)
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- Compounds having beta2 adrenergic receptor agonist and muscarinic receptor antagonist activity
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The invention is directed to compounds of formula I: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7a, R7b, W, G1, G2, a, b, c, d and m are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate or stereoisomer thereof. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of using such compounds; and process and intermediates for preparing such compounds.
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Page/Page column 42
(2008/06/13)
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- NF-KB ACTIVATION INHIBITORS
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A medicament having inhibitory activity against NF-κB activation which comprises as an active ingredient a substance selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following general formula (I) and a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof and a solvate thereof: wherein A represents hydrogen atom or acetyl group, E represents a 2,5-di-substituted or a 3,5-di-substituted phenyl group, or a monocyclic or a fused polycyclic heteroaryl group which may be substituted, provided that the compound wherein said heteroaryl group is 1○ a fused polycyclic heteroaryl group wherein the ring which binds directly to ―CONH― group in the formula (I) is a benzene ring, 2○ unsubstituted thiazol-2-yl group, or 3○ unsubstituted benzothiazol-2-yl group is excluded, ring Z represents an arene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula ―O―A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula -CONH-E wherein E has the same meaning as that defined above, or a heteroarene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula ―O―A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula ― CONH―E wherein E has the same meaning as that defined above.
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Page/Page column 74-75
(2008/06/13)
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- THERAPEUTIC AGENT FOR CANCER
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A medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of cancers and the like which comprises as an active ingredient a substance selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following general formula (I) and a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof and a solvate thereof: wherein A represents hydrogen atom or acetyl group, E represents a 2,5-di-substituted or a 3,5-di-substituted phenyl group, or a monocyclic or a fused polycyclic heteroaryl group which may be substituted, provided that the compound wherein said heteroaryl group is 1? a fused polycyclic heteroaryl group wherein the ring which binds directly to ―CONH― group in the formula (I) is a benzene ring, 2? unsubstituted thiazol-2-yl group, or 3? unsubstituted benzothiazol-2-yl group is excluded, ring Z represents an arene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula ―O―A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula ―CONH―E wherein E has the same meaning as that defined above, or a heteroarene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula ―O―A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula ― CONH―E wherein E has the same meaning as that defined above.
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Page/Page column 74-75
(2010/02/11)
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- REMEDIES FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
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A medicament for preventive and/or therapeutic treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or the like which comprises as an active ingredient a substance selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following general formula (I) and a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof and a solvate thereof: wherein A represents hydrogen atom or acetyl group, E represents a 2,5-di-substituted or a 3,5-di-substituted phenyl group, or a monocyclic or a fused polycyclic heteroaryl group which may be substituted, provided that the compound wherein said heteroaryl group is 1○ a fused polycyclic heteroaryl group wherein the ring which binds directly to -CONH- group in the formula (I) is a benzene ring, 2○ unsubstituted thiazol-2-yl group, or 3○ unsubstituted benzothiazol-2-yl group is excluded, ring Z represents an arene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula -O-A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula -CONH-E wherein E has the same meaning as that defined above, or a heteroarene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula -O-A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula -CONH-E wherein E has the same meaning as that defined above.
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Page/Page column 74
(2010/02/12)
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- IMMUNITY-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS
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[From equivalent EP1510210A1] A medicament having an inhibitory activity against IKK-Aβ and/or MEKK-1 or other protein kinases structurally similar thereto, which comprises as an active ingredient a substance selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following general formula (I) and a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof and a solvate thereof: wherein X represents a connecting group whose number of atoms in the main chain is 2 to 5 (said connecting group may be substituted), A represents hydrogen atom or acetyl group, E represents an aryl group which may be substituted or a hetero aryl group which may be substituted, ring Z represents an arene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula -O-A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula -X-E wherein each of X and E has the same meaning as that defined above, or a heteroarene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula -O-A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula -X-E wherein each of X and E has the same meaning as that defined above.
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Page/Page column 125
(2010/02/10)
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- INHIBITORS AGAINST THE ACTIVATION OF AP-1 AND NFAT
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A medicament inhibiting the activation of AP-1 which comprises as an active ingredient a substance selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following general formula (I) and a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof and a solvate thereof: wherein X represents a connecting group whose number of atoms in the main chain is 2 to 5 (said connecting group may be substituted), A represents hydrogen atom or acetyl group, E represents an aryl group which may be substituted or a hetero aryl group which may be substituted, ring Z represents an arene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula -O-A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula -X-E wherein each of X and E has the same meaning as that defined above, or a heteroarene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula -O-A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula -X-E wherein each of X and E has the same meaning as that defined above.
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Page/Page column 124
(2008/06/13)
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- ANTIALLERGIC
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A medicament for the preventive and/or therapeutic treatment of allergic diseases and/or endometriosis and/or hysteromyoma which comprises as an active ingredient a substance selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following general formula (I) and a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and a hydrate thereof and a solvate thereof: wherein X represents a connecting group whose number of atoms in the main chain is 2 to 5 (said connecting group may be substituted), A represents hydrogen atom or acetyl group, E represents an aryl group which may be substituted or a hetero aryl group which may be substituted, ring Z represents an arene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula -O-A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula -X-E wherein each of X and E has the same meaning as that defined above, or a heteroarene which may have one or more substituents in addition to the group represented by formula -O-A wherein A has the same meaning as that defined above and the group represented by formula -X-E wherein each ofX and E has the same meaning as that defined above.
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Page/Page column 129
(2010/02/11)
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- Biphenyl derivatives
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This invention provides biphenyl derivatives of formula I: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, W, a, b and c are as defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate or stereoisomer thereof. The biphenyl derivatives of this invention possess both β2 adrenergic receptor agonist and muscarinic receptor antagonist activity and therefore, such biphenyl derivatives are useful for treating pulmonary disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.
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Page/Page column 43
(2008/06/13)
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- INHIBITORS AGAINST THE PRODUCTION AND RELEASE OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES
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A medicament having inhibitory activity against NF- κ B activation, which comprises a compound represented by the following general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt as an active ingredient: wherein X represents a connecting group, A represents hydrogen atom or acetyl group, E represents an aryl group or a heteroaryl group, and ring X represents an arene or a heteroarene.
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- ALKOXY ARYL β2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONISTS
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The invention provides novel β2 adrenergic receptor agonist compounds. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, methods of using such compounds to treat diseases associated β2 adrenergic receptor activity, and processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.
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- SINTESI E STUDIO FARMACOLOGICO DI DERIVATI DELL'ORCIPRENALINA E DEL SALBUTAMOLO
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The effect of replacing the basic aliphatic residue of orciprenaline and salbutamol with: a) a heterocyclic amine; b) a basic residue containing a phenylcyclohexane radical has been studied.The synthesis of the compounds is outlined.They were tested in vitro for relaxation of histamine-induced spasm of tracheal chains and on the isolated Langendorff heart, and in vivo according to the Konzett and Roessler technique and for their action on the cardiovascular system.In all tests the new derivatives were less active than the reference substances; the only exception was (A) where R = 4-phenylpiperidine (M.G.6604), which was almost as active as orciprenaline in the Konzett and Roessler test, had one third of its activity on isolated trachea and showed absolutely no influence on heart rate in vitro or in vivo.Its effect was not inhibited by β-blocking agents; it therefore showed as antihistaminic profile.
- Meglio, P. de,Carissimi, M.,Ravenna, F.,Gentili, P.,Manzardo, S.
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p. 202 - 230
(2007/10/02)
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