- NANOSTRUCTURES AND METHODS FOR CHEMICALLY SYNTHESIZING NANOSTRUCTURES
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The present invention generally relates to nanostructure compositions, as well as methods for the controlled synthesis of nanostructures, such as carbon nanotubes. In some embodiments, methods involving iterative growth of a nanostructure template to homo
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Page/Page column 16-18
(2011/01/12)
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- Model Reaction of Self-Condensation of Sulfenic Acids. Kinetic Investigation for the Reaction of Methyl Benzenesulfenate with trans-Decalin-9-sulfenic Acid and 2-Methyl-2-propanesulfenic Acid
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Reaction of 2-methyl-2-propanesulfenic acid (1) with methyl arenesulfenates (2) gave S-aryl 2-methyl-2-propanethiosulfinates quantitatively, and kinetic investigation was carried out.Second-order rate dependence (first-order in methyl benzenesulfenate (2a
- Yoshimura, Toshiaki,Hamada, Kazuhiro,Yamazaki, Satoru,Shimasaki, Choichiro,Ono, Shin,Tsukurimishi, Eiichi
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p. 211 - 218
(2007/10/02)
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- Dual Reactivity of Methoxymethyl Benzenesulfonate in Nucleophilic Substitution
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Hydrolysis of methoxymethyl benzenesulfenate is catalyzed by both acid and base.Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis is further accelerated by various nucleophiles like halide ions, thiocyanate, dialkyl sulfide, and the substrate itself.The catalytic constants coincide with those for ethyl benzenesulfenate within 2-fold in magnitude.The nucleophilic reactivity strongly suggests the reaction at the sulfenyl sulfur, but examination of the products from the 18O-labeled substrate showed that the bond cleavage occurs mostly between the oxygen and the proformyl carbon except for the acid-catalyzed water reaction which undergoes the S-O cleavage.A mechanism for a nucleophilic reaction at the sulfur to form a sulfurane intermediate which breaks down with the C-O cleavage is presented.The hydrolysis rate is also strongly dependent on the second order of buffer concentrations in carboxylate and tertiary amine buffer solutions.The third-order term involves both the general acid and the conjugate base of the buffer, and the latter reacts at the sulfur as a nucleophile in the rate-determining step but leads to the C-O cleavage in the same way as the other catalytic nucleophiles.
- Okuyama, Tadashi,Fueno, Takayuki
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p. 2672 - 2683
(2007/10/02)
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- Acid-Catalyzed Cleavage of Methoxymethyl Phenyl Sulfoxide. Solvent Effects and Mode of Bond Cleavage
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Rate constants for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methoxymethyl phenyl sulfoxide increase with increasing composition of dioxane in dioxane aqueous solution in contrast to the isomeric sulfenate which is strongly decelerated by added dioxane fraction (u
- Okuyama, Tadashi,Fueno, Takayuki
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p. 3111 - 3116
(2007/10/02)
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- Nucleophilic Catalysis in the Hydrolysis of Methoxymethyl Benzenesulfenate, a Formaldehyde Acetal
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Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methoxymethyl benzenesulfenate is accelerated by nucleophiles (Cl-, Br-, I-, R2S, AcO-, tertiary amines, and the substrate itself) through the attack at the proformyl carbon while water attacks at the sulfenyl sulfur.
- Okuyama, Tadashi,Fueno, Takayuki
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p. 2193 - 2196
(2007/10/02)
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- RETROALDOL REACTIONS OF β-HYDROXY-α-PHENYLSULFENYL CYCLOHEXANONE DERIVATIVES
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Upon treatment with strong bases β-hydroxy-α-phenylsulfenyl cyclohexanone derivatives undergo retroaldol reactions to give open-chain keto (or aldehydo) enolates which can be trapped with electrophilic or nucleophilic reagents.
- Caine, Drury,Crews, Everett,Salvino, Joseph M.
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p. 2083 - 2086
(2007/10/02)
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- FLUOROMETHYL PHENYL SULFOXIDE: HIGHLY CONVENIENT SYNTHESES OF VINYL FLUORIDES AND FLUOROMETHYLKETONES
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Alkylation of lithio fluoromethyl phenyl sulfoxide 2 gave the alkylated products in high yields.Pyrolysis of the products led to vinyl fluorides in excellent yields.The reaction of 2 with carbonyl compounds led to the corresponding β-hydroxy-α-fluoromethyl phenyl sulfoxides.Pyrolysis of some of the sulfoxides gave fluoromethylketones in moderate yields.
- Reutrakul, Vichai,Rukachaisirikul, Vatcharin
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p. 725 - 728
(2007/10/02)
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