- ELECTROLYTE, ELECTROLYTIC SOLUTION, AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE USING THE SAME
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Disclosed herein is an electrolyte having excellent long-term reliability, a high withstanding voltage (a wide potential window), and high conductivity. The electrolyte contains a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 represents a hydrocarbon group; R2 represents a hydrocarbon group, a hydrogen atom, or a halogen atom; R3 to R14 each represent an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, C and C* each represent a carbon atom, N represents a nitrogen atom; h, i, j, x, y, and z are each an integer of 0 to 6, (h+x) is an integer of 0 to 6, (i+y) and (j+z) are each an integer of 1 to 6; and X? represents a counter anion having a HOMO energy of ?0.60 to ?0.20 a.u. as determined by the first-principle calculation on molecular orbital of the counter anion.
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- PREPARATION OF STEREOCHEMICALLY PURE OXIMES WITH MUSCARINIC ACTIVITY
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The instant invention is a selective formation of the Z-oxime and O-alkylation of 1-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-3-one and 1-azabicyclo[2.2. 2] heptan-3-one oximes to produce compounds with muscarinic activity. The process is capable of scale-up for industrial purposes as it provides better yields and ease of preparation. Intermediates are also described.
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- SPIRO-ISOXAZOLIDINE DERIVATIVES AS CHOLINERGIC AGENTS
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Compounds of general formula I, STR1 wherein: A represents (CH. sub.2) m optionally substituted by R 3,B represents (CH. sub.2) n optionally substituted by R 4, R. sub.1 represents hydrogen, C 1-C 6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkenyl or C 1-6 alkynyl, R 2 represents hydrogen, C 1-C 6 alkyl or COOR 5, in which R 5 represents C 1-C 6 alkyl,R 3 and R. sub.4 independently represent hydrogen or C 1-C 6 alkyl, in addition, any two of R. sub.2, R 3 and R 4 may together form a C 1-3 alkylene chain,n and m independently represent an integer from 1-3 inclusive,Y represents O or S,and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof are useful as pharmaceuticals, in particular as central muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonists. The compounds are therefore useful in the treatment of diseases such as presenile and senile dementia, Huntington's chorea, tardive dyskinesia, hyperkinesia, mania and Tourette Syndrome.
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