- Study the Efficiency of Some Esters Based on 2- Ethyl Hexanoic Acid as Synthetic Lubricants
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Esters have many important properties, such as biodegradation, low toxicity, good thermal stability and excellent solvability, because these features are definitely the most versatile of the various types of base fluids currently available and can be modified to provide unique physical and chemical properties that can be designed to meet the lubricant industry's challenges. In this article, Reaction was prepared by various branched synthetic esters of 2- ethyl hexanoic acid with different 2 groups of alcohols, the first one (1-hexanol, 2- ethyl hexanol,1-octanol, 1- dodecanol and 1- hexadecanol), and the second group (neopentyl glycol, trimethylol propane and pentaerythritol). All the preparation compound form were confirmed by examine the physical and chemical properties as (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Infra-Red Spectroscopy, Total Acid Number, Density, Thermo Gravimetric Analysis TGA, Specific gravity, Reflective index, Molecular weights estimation and flash point). As a synthetic lubricating oil, the performance of these compounds was studied. Prepared compounds have been found to contain low pour point (PP), high viscosity level (VI) and Newtonian fluid for rheological behavior.
- Kamal, Rasha S.,Nassar, Amal M.,Ahmed, Nehal S.
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p. 7191 - 7200
(2021/11/16)
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- Sulfonated graphene oxide as an efficient solid acid carbocatalyst for esterification of fatty acids with polyols
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Background: Esters of fatty acids with alcohols especially polyols (polyhydroxy alcohols) have found considerable applications as synthetic greases, synthetic lubricants, in cosmetics, food, and paint industries. Industrial or conventional esterification is carried out by the condensation of carboxylic acids with alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst of homogenous nature. The development of heterogeneous / solid acid catalysts owing to their safe handling, stability, facile recovery and recycling ability for esterification reactions has been a subject of great scientific interest. However, the reported methods have been used for the esterification of acids with mono-alcohols. To the best of our knowl-edge, there is no report on the use of graphene-based carbocatalysts for the esterification of fatty acids with polyhydroxy alcohols. Methods: The desired sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) was synthesized by following the two step approach in which first step involves the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) from oxidation of graphite followed by sulfonation with sulfanilic acid under diazotization conditions to give SGO. Esterification of fatty acids with polyhydroxy alcohols was carried out using 5 wt % of SGO as a catalyst in toluene at 110oC for 6 h. Results: A number of experiments were performed to optimize the reaction parameters for esterifica-tion of 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol (DMPD) with caproic acid (C6 acid) as model example. The op-timum condition for the esterification was found to be 5 wt % SGO, 6 h reaction time, and 110oC. After optimizing the reaction parameters, the scope of the reaction was further extended to a variety of long chain fatty acids. The presence of electron releasing ethyl group in 2-ethylhexanoic acid had poor effect on the conversion. Conversion and selectivity were determined by GC-MS. Conclusion: The present paper demonstrates the preparation of SGO from GO and sulfanilic acid through diazotization route. The synthesized solid acid carbocatalyst was used in the esterification of fatty acids with polyhydroxy alcohols for bio-lubricant applications, which is an important branch of green chemistry. Importantly, the carbocatalyst showed excellent recyclability, which suggested high stability of sulfonic acid groups in SGO.
- Khatri, Praveen K.,Kumar, Prashant,Nagendramma, Ponnnekanti,Jain, Suman L.
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p. 508 - 514
(2019/04/29)
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- USE OF ACID ANHYDRIDE ACCELERANTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH PURITY POLYOL ESTERS
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A method of producing high purity polyol esters comprises reacting a polyol with an excess amount of a linear or branched aliphatic monocarboxylic C3-20 acid to esterify less than the total amount of the polyol present to form an intermediate reaction composition having a hydroxyl value of from 7 to about 50 mg KOH/g. An anhydride of the corresponding linear or branched aliphatic monocarboxylic C3-20 acid is added to the intermediate reaction composition in an amount of from 1 to about 2.5 equivalents of available OH in the intermediate composition to form a reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is heated for 5-30 minutes or until all of the corresponding anhydride has reacted to form a reaction product. The reaction product is then de-acidified. No metal or acid catalyst or bleaching agents are present in any of the above reaction steps at a concentration above about 15 ppm.
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Paragraph 0048; 0049
(2018/07/31)
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- ESTER COMPOUND AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ester compound that can be synthesized easily from a variety of carboxylic acid compounds, is hard to crystallize and volatilize, and has an excellent viscosity index. SOLUTION: The present invention provides an ester compound represented by general formula (1) where R1s independently represent C1-C25 aliphatic groups, aralkyl groups or aryl groups, R11, R12 and R13 independently represent C1-C10 alkyl groups. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPOandINPIT
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Paragraph 0065; 0101-0103
(2016/12/01)
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- ESTER COMPOUND
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel asymmetric polyol ester compound that can easily be synthesized under a mild reaction condition from a variety of carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid esters and that has a low melting point and is excellent in viscosity index, heat resistance and color number. SOLUTION: Provided are an ester compound represented by the following formula (1), and a lubricating-oil and cosmetic raw-material containing the same. In the formula, R1 and R6 are, each independently, an alkyl group, aralkyl group or aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. R2, R3, R4 and R5 are, each independently, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the combination of R2 and R3 and the combination of R4 and R5 are different. COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPO&INPIT
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Paragraph 0066
(2016/10/09)
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- ESTER COMPOUND, AND LUBRICATING-OIL AND LUBRICATING-OIL BASE OIL
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel di-neopentyl type ester compound that can easily be synthesized under a mild reaction condition from a variety of carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid esters and is excellent in viscosity index, heat resistance and color number. SOLUTION: Provided are an ester compound represented by the following formula (1), and a lubricating-oil containing the compound. In the formula, R1 and R2 are, each independently, selected from a straight chain saturated alkyl group, branched saturated alkyl group, straight chain unsaturated alkyl group and branched unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and R3 and R4 are, each independently, selected from a straight-chain alkyl group and branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPOandINPIT
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Paragraph 0048; 0055
(2017/04/03)
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- PROCESS FOR PREPARING POLYOL ESTERS
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The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyol esters by reacting polyols with linear or branched aliphatic monocarbocxylic acids having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, the reaction taking place in the presence of a Lewis acid comprising at least one element from groups 4 to 14 of the Periodic Table of the Elements as catalyst, and in the presence of an adsorbent, the reaction product being subjected subsequently to a steam treatment.
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Page/Page column 7-8
(2012/07/31)
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- Process for preparing polyol esters
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The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyol esters by reacting polyols with linear or branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 3 to 20 carbon atoms in the presence of an adsorbent and subsequent steam treatment in the course of workup of the crude ester.
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Page/Page column 6
(2011/04/25)
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- Hydroxypivalyl hydroxypivalate ester plasticizer composition and method of preparing the same
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Provided are a plasticizer composition including a hydroxypivalyl hydroxypivalate ester and a neopentylglycol ester, and a method of preparing the plasticizer composition. The plasticizer composition provides a polyvinyl chloride resin having excellent properties of heat loss, migration resistance and plasticization efficiency, and tensile strength, elongation, etc.
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Page/Page column 6
(2008/06/13)
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