- ION CHANNEL INHIBITOR COMPOUNDS FOR CANCER TREATMENT
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The present invention concerns a compound of following general formula (I): where: either R is an R1 group and R′ is an -A1-Cy1 group, or R is an -A1-Cy1 group and R′ is an R1 group, R1 particularly being H or (C1-C6)alkyl group;A1 being an —NH— radical or —NH—CH2— radical;Cy1 particularly being a phenyl group,A is a fused (hetero)aromatic ring having 5 to 7 atoms, for use for treating cancer.
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Paragraph 0237; 0238
(2021/01/25)
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- Scaffold Hopping-Driven Optimization of 4-(Quinazolin-4-yl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones as Novel Tubulin Inhibitors
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Scaffold hopping-driven lead optimizations were performed based on our prior lead 7-methoxy-4-(2-methylquinazolin-4-yl)-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one (2a) by C-ring expansion and isometric replacement of the A/B-ring, successively, aimed at finding new potential alternative drug candidates with different scaffold(s), high antitumor activity, and other improved properties to replace prior, once promising drug candidates that failed in further studies. Two series of new compounds 7 (a-d) and 13 (a-j) were synthesized and evaluated for antitumor activity, leading to the discovery of three highly potent compounds 13c, 13d, and 13e with different scaffolds. They exhibited similar high antitumor activity with single digital low nanomolar GI50 values (4.6-9.6 nM) in cellular assays, comparable to lead 2a, clinical drug candidate CA-4, and paclitaxel in the same assays. Further biological evaluations identified new active compounds as tubulin polymerization inhibitors targeting the colchicine binding site. Moreover, 13d showed better aqueous solubility than 2a and a similar log P value.
- Cui, Mutian,Goto, Masuo,He, Xiaoyang,Hsu, Pei-Ling,Jiang, Li,Lee, Kuo-Hsiung,Li, Kang-Po,Morris-Natschke, Susan Lynne,Xie, Lan,Zhu, Dong-Qing
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supporting information
p. 83 - 89
(2020/01/31)
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- Pharmacophore requirements for HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors that selectively “Freeze” the pre-translocated complex during the polymerization catalytic cycle
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Reverse transcriptase (RT) is responsible for replicating the HIV-1 genome and is a validated therapeutic target for the treatment of HIV infections. During each cycle of the RT-catalyzed DNA polymerization process, inorganic pyrophosphate is released as the by-product of nucleotide incorporation. Small molecules were identified that act as bioisosteres of pyrophosphate and can selectively freeze the catalytic cycle of HIV-1 RT at the pre-translocated stage of the DNA- or RNA-template-primer-enzyme complex.
- Lacbay, Cyrus M.,Menni, Michael,Bernatchez, Jean A.,G?tte, Matthias,Tsantrizos, Youla S.
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p. 1713 - 1726
(2018/02/27)
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- Novel Hinge-Binding Motifs for Janus Kinase 3 Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Structure-Activity Relationship Study on Tofacitinib Bioisosteres
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The Janus kinases (JAKs) are a family of cytosolic tyrosine kinases crucially involved in cytokine signaling. JAKs have been demonstrated to be valid targets in the treatment of inflammatory and myeloproliferative disorders, and two inhibitors, tofacitinib and ruxolitinib, recently received their marketing authorization. Despite this success, selectivity within the JAK family remains a major issue. Both approved compounds share a common 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine hinge binding motif, and little is known about modifications tolerated at this heterocyclic core. In the current study, a library of tofacitinib bioisosteres was prepared and tested against JAK3. The compounds possessed the tofacitinib piperidinyl side chain, whereas the hinge binding motif was replaced by a variety of heterocycles mimicking its pharmacophore. In view of the promising expectations obtained from molecular modeling, most of the compounds proved to be poorly active. However, strategies for restoring activity within this series of novel chemotypes were discovered and crucial structure-activity relationships were deduced. The compounds presented may serve as starting point for developing novel JAK inhibitors and as a valuable training set for in silico models.
- Gehringer, Matthias,Forster, Michael,Pfaffenrot, Ellen,Bauer, Silke M.,Laufer, Stefan A.
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supporting information
p. 2516 - 2527
(2015/08/24)
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- Solvent-free or low-solvent large-scale preparation of chloropyrimidine and analogues
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Chloropyrimidine or other N-containing aromatic heterocyclic analogues can be efficiently prepared from the corresponding hydroxylated precursors under solvent-free or low-solvent conditions with equimolar or less chlorinating reagents. This high-yielding protocol allows successful preparations of multigram and kilogram batches of these important synthetic intermediates.
- Sun, Zhihua,Wang, Han,Wen, Kun,Li, Ya,Fan, Erkang
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experimental part
p. 4149 - 4153
(2011/07/07)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of heteroaryldiamides and heteroaryldiamines as cytotoxic agents, apoptosis inducers and caspase-3 activators
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The work described here involved the synthesis and biological evaluation of new heteroaryldiamides and heteroaryldiamines. A new general model in which the structures can be adjusted has been applied in this study. Three different structural units can be distinguished: a central nucleus and two symmetric terminal units. The central element is either an aliphatic chain of varying length and flexibility, piperazine, or a polyamine nucleus. However, the terminal units are pyridine, quinoline, indole, benzene or pyrido[2,3-d] pyrimidine with different substituents. The antitumoural activities of the compounds were evaluated in vitro by examining their cytotoxic effects against human breast, colon, and bladder cancer cell lines. Compounds that showed cytotoxic activity were subjected to both apoptosis and caspase-3 assays. With regard to selectivity, the cytotoxicity was also determined in cell cultures of two nontumoural lines. The most promising compounds are 4c, 5c and 7, which are amino-pyridinium, quinolyl-N-oxide, and pyridyl derivatives, respectively, and these reveal a significant in vitro cytotoxicity in at least two of the three cell lines tested. These compounds induced apoptosis and also produced a rapid dose-dependent increase in the caspase-3 level in HT-29 cells. Other encouraging profiles were found, such as those presented by 1k and 8d, which are cytotoxic and apoptotic but do not provoke an increase in the level of caspase-3, or those presented by 2f, 3c and 4a, which are slightly cytotoxic but do not show any other significant activity. The different types of behaviour of each compound are not necessarily parallel in the three cell lines tested.
- Echeverria, Mikel,Mendivil, Beatriz,Cordeu, Lucia,Cubedo, Elena,Garcia-Foncillas, Jesus,Font, Maria,Sanmartin, Carmen,Palop, Juan Antonio
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p. 182 - 192
(2007/10/03)
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- AKT PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS
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The present invention provides compounds, including resolved enantiomers, diastereomers, solvates and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, comprising the Formula: A-L-CR where CR is a cyclical core group, L is a linking group and A is as defined herein. Also provided are methods of using the compounds of this invention as AKT protein kinase inhibitors and for the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases such as cancer.
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Page/Page column 153-154
(2008/06/13)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of new symmetrical derivatives as cytotoxic agents and apoptosis inducers
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Based on the research of less toxic anticancer therapies, we have looked for novel compounds with anticancer activity based on a proapoptotic mechanism. The described compounds are derivatives of ether, carbamate, urea, amide, or amine. Some of the prepared compounds decreased cell viability of various tumor cell lines in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and also induced DNA fragmentation, which indicated cell apoptosis. The potential antitumoral activity of the compounds was evaluated in vitro by examining their cytotoxic effects against human mama, colon, and bladder cancer cell lines (MD-MBA-231, HT-29, and T-24). Compounds showing cytotoxic activity were subjected to an apoptosis assay. In addition, some of the synthesized compounds provoked a rapid and dose-dependent increase in the level of caspase-3, an enzyme, which is considered to be one of the principal executing caspases in which all of the biochemical routes involved in the apoptosis response converge. The most promising compounds, with respect to cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction capability, were the 4-nitrophenylcarbamate derivative of 2,2′- methylenebis(4-chlorophenyl) 3c, the naphthylurea derivative 4d, and the n-propylurea derivative 4c, from 4,4′-methylenebisphenyl, all of which displayed cytotoxic activity and showed very interesting levels of apoptosis. Furthermore, good levels of apoptosis induction were achieved for 3a and 4b in the T-24 cell line. Therefore, compounds such as 7b, a pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative, show a significant in vitro cytotoxicity, with IC50 values between 3 and 8 μm in the three cell lines tested. This compound also produced a rapid and dose-dependent increase of the caspase-3 level and induced apoptosis in HT-29 cells. Other profiles have been found, such as those presented by 5c and 7c, which are cytotoxic and apoptotic but do not provoke an increase in the level of caspase-3, or those presented by 1c, 1d, and 2a, which are cytotoxic, without showing any other activity. The different types of behavior of each compound are not necessarily parallel in the three cell lines tested. A great number of these compounds of interest show no cytotoxicity in nontumoral human cells such as CRL-8799, a nontumoral line of mama. Subsequent modulation of these lead structures permits advances in the design of potent cytotoxic and proapoptotic anticancer drugs.
- Sanmartin, Carmen,Echeverria, Mikel,Mendivil, Beatriz,Cordeu, Lucia,Cubedo, Elena,Garcia-Foncillas, Jesus,Font, Maria,Palop, Juan Antonio
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p. 2031 - 2044
(2007/10/03)
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- Aryl and heteroaryl purine compounds
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Novel bicyclic condensed pyrimidine compounds having general formula (I) STR1 wherein X is --CH2 --, --NH--(CH2)n --, --O--(CH2)n -- or --S--(CH2)n -- in which n is zero or 1; A is a 4,5-fused imidazole ring N-substituted by R3 which is hydrogen, C1 -C4 alkyl or benzyl, or A is a 2,3-fused pyridine ring C-substituted by R4 which is hydrogen, C1 -C4 alkyl, C1 -C4 alkoxy, halogen or NR5 R6 in which each of R5 and R6 independently is H or C1 -C4 alkyl; B is a bicyclic ring chosen from tetralin, indane and 2-oxindole; each of R1 and R2 independently is hydrogen, C1 -C4 alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, C1 -C4 alkoxy, C1 -C4 alkoxycarbonyl, nitro, cyano or CF3 ; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
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- Fungicidal use of pyridopyrimidine, pteridine, pyrimidopyrimidine, pyrimidopyridazine, and pyrimido-1,2,4-triazine derivatives
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Fungicidal compositions contain as active ingredient a 4-substituted-pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine, -pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine, -pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidine, pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine, -pteridine, -pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine, -pyrimido[4,5-c]pyridazine, -pyrimido[5,4-d]
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