- Tunable Electrosynthesis of Anthranilic Acid Derivatives via a C-C Bond Cleavage of Isatins
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A facile and direct electrocatalytic C-C bond cleavage/functionalization reaction of isatins was developed. With isatins as the amino-attached C1 sources, a variety of aminobenzoates, and aminobenzamides were synthesized in moderate to good yields under mild conditions.
- Qian, Peng,Liu, Jiaojiao,Zhang, Yan,Wang, Zhiyong
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p. 16008 - 16015
(2021/07/31)
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- A General Approach to Enzyme-Responsive Liposomes
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Liposomes are effective nanocarriers due to their ability to deliver encapsulated drugs to diseased cells. Nevertheless, liposome delivery would be improved by enhancing the ability to control the release of contents at the target site. While various stimuli have been explored for triggering liposome release, enzymes provide excellent targets due to their common overexpression in diseased cells. We present a general approach to enzyme-responsive liposomes exploiting targets that are commonly aberrant in disease, including esterases, phosphatases, and β-galactosidases. Responsive lipids correlating with each enzyme family were designed and synthesized bearing an enzyme substrate moiety attached via a self-immolating linker to a non-bilayer lipid scaffold, such that enzymatic hydrolysis triggers lipid decomposition to disrupt membrane integrity and release contents. Liposome dye leakage assays demonstrated that each enzyme-responsive liposome yielded significant content release upon enzymatic treatment compared to minimal release in controls. Results also showed that fine-tuning liposome composition was critical for controlling release. DLS analysis showed particle size increases in the cases of esterase- and β-galactosidase-responsive lipids, supporting alterations to membrane properties. These results showcase an effective modular strategy that can be tailored to target different enzymes, providing a promising new avenue for advancing liposomal drug delivery.
- Lou, Jinchao,Best, Michael D.
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p. 8597 - 8607
(2020/07/04)
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- Neuroprotective activity of different monosaccharide-modified gastrodin analogs
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Gastrodin is a very important and well-known bioactive glycoside compound in Chinese medicine. It is also known as a drug with neuroprotective function. Here, a practical diversified synthesis of a series of gastrodin analogs was reported, which involved four-step procedures consisting of bromination, oxidation, etherification, and reduction. Various gastrodin analogs were obtained in good yields. The compound 4c in this study has a good neuroprotective function: it can significantly downregulate tumor necrosis factor-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase protein levels. The results of this study can provide a research basis for the development of neuroprotective drugs.
- Xu, Kun-Lun,Yu, Lan
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p. 1263 - 1269
(2020/01/21)
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- Discovery of VU6027459: A First-in-Class Selective and CNS Penetrant mGlu7Positive Allosteric Modulator Tool Compound
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Herein, we report the discovery of the first selective and CNS penetrant mGlu7 PAM (VU6027459) derived from a "molecular switch"within a selective mGlu7 NAM chemotype. VU6027459 displayed CNS penetration in both mice (Kp = 2.74) and rats (Kp= 4.78), it was orally bioavailable in rats (%F = 69.5), and undesired activity at DAT was ablated.
- Reed, Carson W.,Kalbfleisch, Jacob J.,Wong, Madison J.,Washecheck, Jordan P.,Hunter, Ashton,Rodriguez, Alice L.,Blobaum, Anna L.,Conn, P. Jeffrey,Niswender, Colleen M.,Lindsley, Craig W.
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supporting information
p. 1773 - 1779
(2020/10/19)
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- Scaffold Hopping of Natural Product Evodiamine: Discovery of a Novel Antitumor Scaffold with Excellent Potency against Colon Cancer
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Inspired by the natural product evodiamine, a novel antitumor indolopyrazinoquinazolinone scaffold was designed by scaffold hopping. Structure-activity relationship studies led to the discovery of compound 15j, which shows low nanomolar inhibitory activity against the HCT116 cell line. Further antitumor mechanism studies indicated that compound 15j acted by the dual inhibition of topoisomerase 1 and tubulin and induced apoptosis with G2 cell-cycle arrest. The quaternary ammonium salt of compound 15j (compound 15js) exhibited excellent in vivo antitumor activity (TGI = 66.6%) in the HCT116 xenograft model with low toxicity. Indolopyrazinoquinazolinone derivatives represent promising multitargeting antitumor leads for the development of novel antitumor agents.
- Wang, Lei,Fang, Kun,Cheng, Junfei,Li, Yu,Huang, Yahui,Chen, Shuqiang,Dong, Guoqiang,Wu, Shanchao,Sheng, Chunquan
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p. 696 - 713
(2020/02/04)
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- Oxidative ring-opening of isatins for the synthesis of 2-aminobenzamides and 2-aminobenzoates
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An efficient and practical isatin-based oxidative domino protocol has been developed for the facile synthesis of 2-aminobenzamides and 2-aminobenzoates. The robust nature of this reaction system is reflected by accessible starting materials, room temperature and high-yield gram-scale synthesis.
- Wang, Yu-Wei,Zheng, Lei,Jia, Feng-Cheng,Chen, Yun-Feng,Wu, An-Xin
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p. 1497 - 1503
(2019/02/13)
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- Functionalised bicyclic tetramates derived from cysteine as antibacterial agents
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Routes to bicyclic tetramates derived from cysteine permitting ready incorporation of functionality at two different points around the periphery of a heterocyclic skeleton are reported. This has enabled the identification of systems active against Gram-positive bacteria, some of which show gyrase and RNA polymerase inhibitory activity. In particular, tetramates substituted with glycosyl side chains, chosen to impart polarity and aqueous solubility, show high antibacterial activity coupled with modest gyrase/polymerase activity in two cases. An analysis of physicochemical properties indicates that the antibacterially active tetramates generally occupy physicochemical space with MW of 300-600, clog D7.4 of -2.5 to 4 and rel. PSA of 11-22%. This work demonstrates that biologically active 3D libraries are readily available by manipulation of a tetramate skeleton.
- Panduwawala, Tharindi D.,Iqbal, Sarosh,Thompson, Amber L.,Genov, Miroslav,Pretsch, Alexander,Pretsch, Dagmar,Liu, Shuang,Ebright, Richard H.,Howells, Alison,Maxwell, Anthony,Moloney, Mark G.
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p. 5615 - 5632
(2019/06/13)
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- Iodine(III) Reagent-Mediated Intramolecular Amination of 2-Alkenylanilines to Prepare Indoles
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A variety of 3-substituted and 2,3-disubstituted indoles were synthesized efficiently in good yields through the intramolecular amination of 2-alkenylanilines promoted by readily available iodine(III) reagents in a short reaction time. Mechanistic studies showed that the reaction pathway went through a nitrenium ion and that 3-acetoxy indoline was the key intermediate in the indole formation. The indole product was easily prepared on a gram scale and amination also proceeded smoothly using catalytic 3,5-dimethylphenyl iodine in the presence of mCPBA. Furthermore, the indolo[3,2-a]carbazole scaffold was prepared in good yield in six steps from commercial ortho-iodoaniline. (Figure presented.).
- Zhao, Chun-Yang,Li, Kun,Pang, Yu,Li, Jia-Qing,Liang, Cui,Su, Gui-Fa,Mo, Dong-Liang
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supporting information
p. 1919 - 1925
(2018/03/28)
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- Tandem C-O and C-N Bonds Formation Through O-Arylation and [3,3]-Rearrangement by Diaryliodonium Salts: Synthesis of N-Aryl Benzo[1,2,3]triazin-4(1H)-one Derivatives
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Metal-free O-arylation and [3, 3]-rearrangement have been shown as an efficient strategy to construct new C-O and C-N bonds in one-pot reactions. The method was used to prepare N-aryl benzo[1,2,3]triazin-4(1H)-one derivatives in good yields from N-hydroxy benzo[1,2,3]triazin-4(3H)-one and diaryliodonium salts. The reaction was tolerated a variety of sensitive functional groups such as iodine, nitro, ester, and aldehyde groups. A rational mechanism was proposed based on the experimental results, and the reaction was easily up to gram scale.
- Shi, Wei-Min,Ma, Xiao-Pan,Pan, Cheng-Xue,Su, Gui-Fa,Mo, Dong-Liang
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p. 11175 - 11183
(2015/11/18)
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- Discovery of novel bacterial RNA polymerase inhibitors: Pharmacophore-based virtual screening and hit optimization
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The bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) is a validated target for broad spectrum antibiotics. However, the efficiency of drugs is reduced by resistance. To discover novel RNAP inhibitors, a pharmacophore based on the alignment of described inhibitors was used for virtual screening. In an optimization process of hit compounds, novel derivatives with improved in vitro potency were discovered. Investigations concerning the molecular mechanism of RNAP inhibition reveal that they prevent the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between σ70 and the RNAP core enzyme. Besides of reducing RNA formation, the inhibitors were shown to interfere with bacterial lipid biosynthesis. The compounds were active against Gram-positive pathogens and revealed significantly lower resistance frequencies compared to clinically used rifampicin.
- Hinsberger, Stefan,Hüsecken, Kristina,Groh, Matthias,Negri, Matthias,Haupenthal, J?rg,Hartmann, Rolf W.
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p. 8332 - 8338
(2013/12/04)
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- Synthesis of new 1,2,3-triazolo[1,5-a]quinazolinones
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(Chemical Equation Presented) Synthesis of novel 3-substituted-1,2,3- triazolo[1,5-a]quinazolinones in high yields was performed via anionic hetero-domino reaction of appropriate substituted 2-azidobenzoates prepared from isatines and acetonitriles activated by 1,3-thiazole, 1,3-benzothiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, and 1,2,4-oxadiazole rings. It was shown that acetonitriles exhibited high reactivity and were convenient methylenic compounds for such reactions providing rapid structural variation.
- Pokhodylo, Nazariy T.,Matiychuk, Vasyl S.
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scheme or table
p. 415 - 420
(2010/06/16)
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- AZABIPHENYLAMINOBENZOIC ACID DERIVATIVES AS DHODH INHIBITORS
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New azabiphenylaminobenzoic acid derivatives having the chemcial structure of formula (I) are disclosed; as well as process for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and their use in therapy as inhibitors of the dehydroorotate dihydrogenase (DHODH)
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Page/Page column 65-66
(2009/04/25)
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- BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES FOR TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
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Benzimidazole derivatives, methods of preparing the same and their pharmaceutical uses for the treatment of inflammatory diseases including COPD.
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Page/Page column 22
(2008/06/13)
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- A diversity oriented synthesis of 2,10-dioxo-10H-1,2,3,4,4a,5-hexahydropyridazino[3,2-b]quinazolines
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A parallel method for the synthesis of the title compounds is described. Thus, methyl anthranilates (5) are transformed into 2-aminobenzohydrazides (3) which were treated with 4-oxo acids (4) to afford in high yields and acceptable purity of piridazino[3,2-b]quinazolines (1). Compounds (1) present four diversity centers (R1, R2, R3, and R4). The range of chemically acceptable substituents at each center has been evaluated. The isolation of a possible intermediate in the formation of 1, which presents an amino structure (10), has allowed proposing a complete mechanistic rationalization for the formation of structures (1).
- Schuler, Elisabeth,Juanico, Nacho,Teixidó, Jordi,Michelotti, Enrique L.,Borrell, José I.
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p. 161 - 173
(2007/10/03)
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- 4-Hydroxy-2-quinolones. 90.* Synthesis and antitubercular activity of 4-methyl-2-thiazolylamides of halo-substituted 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3- quinolinecarboxylic acids
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Several variants were studied for the synthesis of esters of halogen derivatives of 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids, whose reaction with 2-amino-4-methylthiazole gives the corresponding hetarylamides. Results are given for a study of the antitubercular activity of these products. 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
- Ukrainets,Sidorenko,Petrushova,Gorokhova
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- LACTAM COMPOUNDS USEFUL AS PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS
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The present invention provides novel compounds useful as inhibitors of protein kinases. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of the invention and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of various diseases.
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Page/Page column 304
(2008/06/13)
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- CHK-1 INHIBITORS
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Disclosed are novel inhibitors of Chk-1 and methods of using the same for therapy.
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Page/Page column 201-202
(2010/02/11)
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- Design of non-nucleoside inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with improved drug resistance properties. 2
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HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) are part of the combination therapy currently used to treat HIV infection. The features of a new NNRTI drug for HIV treatment must include selective potent activity against both wild-type virus as well as against mutant virus that have been selected by use of current antiretroviral treatment regimens. Based on analogy with known HIV-1 NNRTI inhibitors and modeling studies utilizing the X-ray crystal structure of inhibitors bound in the HIV-1 RT, a series of substituted 2-quinolones was synthesized and evaluated as HIV-1 inhibitors.
- Freeman, George A.,Andrews III, C. Webster,Hopkins, Andrew L.,Lowell, Gina S.,Schaller, Lee T.,Cowan, Jill R.,Gonzales, Stephen S.,Koszalka, George W.,Hazen, Richard J.,Boone, Lawrence R.,Ferris, Rob G.,Creech, Katrina L.,Roberts, Grace B.,Short, Steven A.,Weaver, Kurt,Reynolds, David J.,Milton, John,Ren, Jingshan,Stuart, David I.,Stammers, David K.,Chan, Joseph H.
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p. 5923 - 5936
(2007/10/03)
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- 4-Carbamoyl-1-benzazepines as antiinflammatory agents
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4-Arylcarbamoyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-benzazepine-2,5-diones, e.g. those of the fromula SPC1 R = h, alkyl or aralkyl Ar = iso- or heterocyclic aryl R',r" = h, alkyl, alkanoyl, alkoxy, halogen or CF3 alkali metal or acid addition salts thereof are antiinflammatory agents.
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