- Epimerization of Tertiary Carbon Centers via Reversible Radical Cleavage of Unactivated C(sp3)-H Bonds
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Reversible cleavage of C(sp3)-H bonds can enable racemization or epimerization, offering a valuable tool to edit the stereochemistry of organic compounds. While epimerization reactions operating via cleavage of acidic C(sp3)-H bonds, such as the Cα-H of carbonyl compounds, have been widely used in organic synthesis and enzyme-catalyzed biosynthesis, epimerization of tertiary carbons bearing a nonacidic C(sp3)-H bond is much more challenging with few practical methods available. Herein, we report the first synthetically useful protocol for the epimerization of tertiary carbons via reversible radical cleavage of unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds with hypervalent iodine reagent benziodoxole azide and H2O under mild conditions. These reactions exhibit excellent reactivity and selectivity for unactivated 3° C-H bonds of various cycloalkanes and offer a powerful strategy for editing the stereochemical configurations of carbon scaffolds intractable to conventional methods. Mechanistic study suggests that the unique ability of N3? to serve as a catalytic H atom shuttle is critical to reversibly break and reform 3° C-H bonds with high efficiency and selectivity.
- Wang, Yaxin,Hu, Xiafei,Morales-Rivera, Cristian A.,Li, Guo-Xing,Huang, Xin,He, Gang,Liu, Peng,Chen, Gong
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supporting information
p. 9678 - 9684
(2018/07/21)
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- Synthesis of α,β-unsaturated dioxanes, dioxolanes and dioxepanes by trans-acetalisation of dimethylacetals with meso or C 2-symmetrical 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-diols
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Several o-dibenzylic diols were prepared reacting organometallics with o-phthalaldehyde at room temperature in ether. The identity of the meso and C2-symmetrical (D,L) isomers as well as their ratio were determined by chiral gas chromatography. The meso and C2 (racemic) stereoisomeric diols were easily separated by flash chromatography on silica gel. A set of 18 α,β-unsaturated acetals were then prepared reacting those, as well as commercially available 1,2, 1,3 and 1,4 diols, with the corresponding methylacetals in acidic medium. A trans-acetalisation procedure adapted to the cases of fragile allylic alcohols or unfavorable 1,6 diols-derived dioxonanes based on a Dean-Stark trapping of methanol was also employed.
- Lemiègre, Lo?c,Lesetre, Fleur,Combret, Jean-Claude,Maddaluno, Jacques
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p. 415 - 427
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of Dimethyl 1,2-Cycloalkanedicarboxylates by Electrochemical Cyclization of Dimethyl α,α-Dibromoalkanedioates Using a Copper Anode
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The electrochemical cyclization of dimethyl α,α'-dibromoalkanedioates by making use of a platinum cathode and a copper anode in the presence of sodium iodide gave three- to six-membered dimethyl 1,2-cycloalkanedicarboxylates in good yields.
- Tokuda, Masao,Hayashi, Atsushi,Suginome, Hiroshi
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p. 2590 - 2592
(2007/10/02)
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- Electrochemical Coupling of Activated Olefins and Alkyl Dihalides: Formation of Cyclic Compounds
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The electrochemical coupling of dimethyl maleate, methyl cinnamate, 4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one, or methyl acrylate with dibromomethane, 1,3-dibromopropane, 1,4-dibromobutane or other substituted alkyl dihalogenides gave satisfactory yields of cyclic products.The reactions were performed in an undivided cell fitted with a sacrificial aluminum anode, in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), at constant current, and at room temperature.The role of the anodically generated metallic ions in this cyclocondensation has been evidenced.
- Lu, Yu-Wei,Nedelec, Jean-Yves,Folest, Jean-Claude,Perichon, Jacques
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p. 2503 - 2507
(2007/10/02)
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- Regioselectivity in cycloaddition reactions on solid phases
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A 1percent crosslinked divinylbenzene-styrene copolymer, incorporating benzyl acrylate groups, reacted in normal Diels-Alder reactions with E-1-phenyl-1,3-butadiene or methyl E-2,4-pentadienoate to give their respective polymer-bound benzyl cyclohexenecarboxylates.Polymer-bound benzyl propiolate and polymer-bound benzyl phenylpropiolate reacted with benzonitrile oxide in a typical 1,3-dipolar addition reaction to give their respective polymer-bound isoxazoles.Cleavage of the polymer-bound Diels-Alder adducts and the polymer-bound 1,3-dipolar addition adduct derived from polymer-bound benzyl propiolate gave mixtures of ortho and meta regiomers similar to those produced in analogous reactions in solution.Cleavage of the polymer-bound 1,3-dipolar addition adduct, derived from polymer-bound benzyl phenylpropiolate, followed by esterification, gave a solitary adduct, 4-carbomethoxy-3,5-diphenylisoxazole, but an analogous solution 1,3-dipolar addition yielded a 1:1 ratio of the two possible regiomers.
- Yedidia, Varda,Leznoff, Clifford C.
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p. 1144 - 1150
(2007/10/02)
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