- Method for synthesizing 3 - halogen -2 -alkyl phenol
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The invention discloses a synthesis method of 3 -halo -2 - alkyl phenol, and belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis. At 2, 6 - dihaloalkylbenzene is used as starting material, nucleophilic substitution with dibenzyl alcohol in the presence of an inorganic base followed Pd / C hydrodebenzylation or Grignard exchange with magnesium metal in the presence of n-butylbromide/chloride followed by air/oxygen to give 3 - halo -2 - alkylphenols. The method has the advantages of high regioselectivity, good yield, simple operation process and the like, and the product purity can reach 99.5% or more.
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Paragraph 0038-0040
(2021/11/03)
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- Method for continuously producing 2, 6-dihydroxytoluene
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The invention discloses a method for continuously producing 2, 6-dihydroxytoluene. According to the method, 3-chloro-2-methylaniline is taken as a raw material, diazotization is carried out through a micro-channel reactor to synthesize an intermediate 3-chloro-2-methylphenol, and then 2, 6-dihydroxytoluene is synthesized. According to the method, the micro-channel reactor is used for diazotization of 3-chloro-2-methylaniline so that severe heat release and unstable properties of the product in the reaction process can be effectively avoided, the retention time is short, the next reaction is directly carried out after the reaction is finished, the continuous reaction can be experimented, the yield of the diazotization step can be increased to 85-95% from the traditional 75-85%, the total yield of the 2, 6-dihydroxytoluene is increased to 80-90%, and the product purity can be up to more than or equal to 99.0%.
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Page/Page column 0013; 0020; 0022
(2021/08/11)
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- Method for synthesizing 2,6-dihydroxytoluene by using waste acid
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The invention discloses a method for synthesizing 2,6-dihydroxytoluene by using waste acid mechanically. According to the method, 3-chloro-2-methylaniline is taken as a raw material, an intermediate 3-chloro-2-methylphenol is synthesized through diazotization and hydrolysis, the reaction is optimized in the alkali fusion, acidification and refining processes, the mechanical application of waste acid and a solvent in the reaction and the optimization of a refining scheme are emphatically optimized, the yield is effectively improved, three wastes are reduced, and 2,6-dihydroxytoluene is synthesized. The method provided by the invention greatly reduces the generation of acidic wastewater, better meets the requirement of environmental protection, and effectively increases the yield of the product, and the quality of the product reaches 99.0-99.5%.
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Paragraph 0022; 0024
(2021/08/07)
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- Examination of Selectivity in the Oxidation of ortho- and meta-Disubstituted Benzenes by CYP102A1 (P450 Bm3) Variants
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Cytochrome P450 CYP102A1 (P450 Bm3) variants were used to investigate the products arising from the P450 catalysed oxidation of a range of disubstituted benzenes. The variants used all generated increased levels of metabolites compared to the wild-type enzyme. With ortho-halotoluenes up to six different metabolites could be identified whereas the oxidation of 2-methoxytoluene generated only two aromatic oxidation products. Addition of an ethyl group markedly shifted the selectivity for oxidation to the more reactive benzylic position. Epoxidation of an alkene was also preferred to aromatic oxidation in 2-methylstyrene. Significant minor products arising from the migration of one substituent to a different position on the benzene ring were formed during certain P450-catalysed substrate turnovers. For example, 2-bromo-6-methylphenol was formed from the turnover of 2-bromotoluene and the dearomatisation product 6-ethyl-6-methylcyclohex-2,4-dienone was generated from the oxidation of 2-ethyltoluene. The RLYF/A330P variant altered the product distribution enabling the generation of certain metabolites in higher quantities. Using this variant produced 4-methyl-2-ethylphenol from 3-ethyltoluene with ≥90 % selectivity and with a biocatalytic activity suitable for scale-up of the reaction.
- Munday, Samuel D.,Dezvarei, Shaghayegh,Lau, Ian C.-K.,Bell, Stephen G.
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p. 2512 - 2522
(2017/07/12)
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- Process for the preparation of phenols
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The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of phenols in which an aryldiazonium salt, which is prepared by the diazotization of a corresponding aromatic, primary amine, by heating in a mixture comprising hot water, a mineral acid and an organic solvent, is decomposed, where the organic solvent comprises a ketone of the formula (I) R1C(O)R2, in which R1 and R2, independently of one another, are (C1-C5)-alkyl and R1 and R2 together have at least four carbon atoms, where the aromatic primary amine is aniline or a substituted aniline which comprises at least one further substituent which is selected from: alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, carboxyl, cyano, alkoxy and ester, and where essentially no copper salts are present in the mixture.
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Paragraph 0026
(2017/01/12)
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- A 2,6-di-hydroxy toluene synthesis method
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The invention discloses a synthesis method for 2, 6-dihydroxytoluene. According to the method, the 2, 6-dihydroxytoluene is obtained from 3-chloro-2-methylaniline is used as raw materials through diazotization reaction, lanthanum phosphate catalysis hydrolysis, alkali dissolution and acidification. The synthesis method has the advantages that (1) the raw material resources are wide; (2) the process is simple, and the operation is easy; (3) active rear earth is used as catalysts, and the color and luster of products can be optimized; (4) the reaction conditions are relatively mild, and the safety factor is high; (5) the total yield is as high as more than 65 percent, the purity reaches more than 99.0 percent, in addition, solvents can be recovered and reused, and the energy-saving and emission-reduction effects are obvious.
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Paragraph 0044; 0045
(2017/03/08)
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- PROCESS FOR PRODUCING 2,5-DIHALOPHENOLETHERS
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The present invention relates to a process for providing a compound of formula (IV):wherein R1 and R2 are each independently C1-C4 alkyl, and Hal is independently Cl or Br, the process comprising the steps of: (i) reacting a compound of formula (II) wherein R1 and Hal is defined as above, to obtain a compound of formula (III) wherein R1 and Hal is defined as above, and (ii) reacting the compound of formula (III) to obtain the compound of formula (IV).
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Page/Page column 8; 9
(2015/09/23)
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- 9-AZABICYCLO [3 . 3 . 1] NONANE DERIVATIVES AS MONOAMINE REUPTAKE INHIBITORS
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The present invention relates to a 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivative of formula (I), wherein R1 is H or C1-5alkyl; X is O or NR2, wherein R2 is H, C1-5alkyl or C2-5acyl and Ar is C6-10aryl or a 5-10 membered heteroaryl ring system, both being optionally substituted with one to three of R3-R5 independently selected from halogen, C1-5alkyl, C1-5alkoxy, C3-6cycloalkyl, C2-5alkenyl, C2-5alkynyl, CN, NO2, hydroxy, phenyl, phenoxy and phenylC1-2alkoxy, wherein said C1-5alkyl and C1-5alkoxy are optionally substituted with one to three halogens and wherein said phenyl, phenoxy and phenylC1-2alkoxy are optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halogen and methyl or two of R3-R5 at adjacent positions together form a methylenedioxy or propylene unit, with the proviso that the compounds exo-9-methyl-3-phenoxy-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane and N-(9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-3-yl)-1H indazole-5-amine are excluded, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives and to their use in therapy.
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Page/Page column 23-24
(2010/11/26)
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- 9-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives
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The present invention relates to a 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivative of formula I, wherein each of the substituents is given the definition as set forth in the specification and claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives and to their use in therapy.
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Page/Page column 12/2
(2010/11/27)
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- Method for producing 2-alkyl-3-chlorophenols
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The invention relates to a novel process for preparing 2-alkyl-3-chlorophenols.
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- PROCESS FOR PRODUCING TOLUENE DERIVATIVES
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A toluene derivative of the general formula (2) wherein R denotes a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an alkoxy group, or an alkylthio group, and X denotes a halogen atom, is prepared by reacting metallic magnesium with a 2-chloro-6-substituted toluene derivative of the general formula (1) wherein R is as defined above, in an ethereal solvent in the presence of a lower alkyl bromide.
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- Palladium/P(t-Bu)3-catalyzed synthesis of aryl t-butyl ethers and application to the first synthesis of 4-chlorobenzofuran
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Pd/P(t-Bu)3 catalyzed reaction of aryl halides with sodium t-butoxide effectively to give aryl t-butyl ethers. The high catalytic activity realized the formation of aryl t-butyl ethers from not only electron-deficient aryl halides but also electron-rich aryl halides. Moreover, the first synthesis of 4-chlorobenzofuran was attained utilizing the selective mono-t-butoxylation of aryl dihalide.
- Watanabe, Makoto,Nishiyama, Masakazu,Koie, Yasuyuki
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p. 8837 - 8840
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis intermediates containing a hexane ring and processes for their preparation
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The present invention relates to new fluorinated hexane compounds corresponding to the following general formula (II): STR1 in which X'2, X'3 and X'4 are the same or different, and denote a halogen or a pseudohalogen, preferably a halogen, more preferably chlorine and fluorine, with the condition that, when R1 is hydroxyl, cyano, amido, imido, ethoxy, benzyloxy, cyclohexyloxy and tert-butoxy, not all the halogens can simultaneously be chlorine and R4, R3 and R5 are simultaneously equal to H; R1 denotes a hydrogen, a hydrocarbon chain such as an alkyl chain, alkoxy, cycloalkyl ether, an aromatic group, aromatic ether or an alkoxy, carbonyl, carboxyl or acyloxy, cyano, amido, imido or hydroxyl group; R4 denotes a hydrogen, a fluorine atom, a hydrocarbon chain such as, for example, an alkyl chain, an aromatic group or a carbonyl, carboxyl or carboxamide group or else a radical joined to the hexane ring by a chalcogen or by an element of Group V, preferably of the first Period, such as an amido, alkoxy or acyloxy group; in which the radicals R3 and R5, which are different or preferably the same, denote a fluorine, or preferably hydrogen, atom or also a hydrocarbon chain as defined above in the case of R4.
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- Reactions of OH and SO4.- with Some Halobenzenes and Halotoluenes: A Radiation Chemical Study
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The optical absorption and kinetic characteristics of the transients formed in the reactions of OH and SO4.- with bromobenzene, ortho and meta-isomers of chloro- and bromobenzenes, and monobromotoluenes have been studied by pulse radiolysis technique.The rates for OH reaction are generally higher (k = (1.7-4.4)X109 M-1s-1) than those found for the SO4.- reaction (k = (0.4-2.3)x109 M-1s-1). ρ+ values of -0.4 for OH and -1.2 for SO4.- reactions were obtained from the Hammett analysis.The formation of substituted hydroxycyclohexadienyl radicals (λmax = 315-330 nm) is the major reaction channel, and the phenoxyl type radical (λ >/=400 nm) formation is an additional minor process in the SO4.- reaction.Abstraction of H by SO4.- from the -CH3 group is only significant with the para-isomers of bromo- and chlorotoluenes.This result is in accord with the observed yields (70 percent of SO4.-) of the products resulting from the oxidation of the 4-chlorobenzyl radical in the presence of K3Fe(CN)6 under steady-state conditions.The total yields of the phenolic products accounting for >90 percent of OH and SO4.- suggest that the attack at the ipso positions is considerably small.The rate constants for OH reactions relative to benzene at positions 3 and 6 of 2-chlorotoluene and positions 2 and 3 of 4-chlorotoluene are between 1.18 and 1.39, indicating that the directing effects of -CH3 and -Cl groups are comparable.This is also reflected in the additive effects of activation of the ortho and para-positions and deactivation of meta-positions by these substituents in 3-chlorotoluene.
- Merga, Getahun,Rao, B. S. M.,Mohan, H.,Mittal, J. P.
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p. 9158 - 9164
(2007/10/02)
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- THE REACTIONS OF UNACTIVATED ARYL HALIDES WITH SODIUM METHOXIDE IN HMPA; SYNTHESIS OF PHENOLS, ANISOLES, AND METHOXYPHENOLS
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Sodium methoxide reacts with dichlorobenzenes in HMPA to give the chloroanisoles as a result of a SNAr process.Excess MeONa then effects the demethylation of the ethers to give the chlorophenols via an SN2 reaction.With tri- and tetrachlorobenzenes the initially formed chloroanisoles can be dealkylated to chlorophenols or can suffer further substitution to give the chlorodimethoxybenzenes; these react with excess MeONa to give the chloromethoxyphenols.The results obtained with the various isomers of the di-, tri-, and tetrachlorobenzenes are presented and discussed on the basis of the electronic effects of the substituents.
- Testaferri, L.,Tiecco, M.,Tingoli, M.,Chianelli, D.,Montanucci, M.
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p. 193 - 198
(2007/10/02)
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