- Aminothiaindanone as an Accessible Scaffold for a Three-Point Chemical Diversity
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Aminothiaindanone heterocycle appears to be a scaffold of interest in medicinal chemistry. To increase the chemical diversity in this series, the introduction of three-point chemical diversity on the cyclopenta[ b ]thiophen-4-one scaffold was explored. About thirty newly functionalized thiophene-containing bicycles were obtained using various chemical reactions, paving the way for novel possibilities in medicinal chemistry projects.
- Zipfel, Pauline,Lalut, Julien,Sopková-De Oliveira Santos, Jana,Rochais, Christophe,Dallemagne, Patrick
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p. 3799 - 3814
(2021/07/25)
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- Iridium-catalysed C-H borylation of β-aryl-aminopropionic acids
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Iridium-catalysed catalytic, regioselective C-H borylation of β-aryl-aminopropionic acid derivatives gives access to 3,5-functionalised protected β-aryl-aminopropionic acid boronates. The synthetic versatility of these new boronates is demonstrated through sequential one-pot functionalisation reactions to give diverse building blocks for medicinal chemistry. The C-H borylation is also effective for dipeptide substrates. We have exemplified this methodology in the synthesis of a pan αv integrin antagonist.
- MacDonald, Simon J. F.,Nortcliffe, Andrew,Robinson, Henry,Simelis, Klemensas,Stillibrand, Joe
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supporting information
p. 6696 - 6701
(2020/09/21)
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- Synthesis, molecular docking and biological evaluation of novel phthaloyl derivatives of 3-amino-3-aryl propionic acids as inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase
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In the last two decades, trans-sialidase of Trypanosoma cruzi (TcTS) has been an important pharmacological target for developing new anti-Chagas agents. In a continuous effort to discover new potential TcTS inhibitors, 3-amino-3-arylpropionic acid derivatives (series A) and novel phthaloyl derivatives (series B, C and D) were synthesized and molecular docking, TcTS enzyme inhibition and determination of trypanocidal activity were carried out. From four series obtained, compound D-11 had the highest binding affinity value (?11.1 kcal/mol) compared to reference DANA (?7.8 kcal/mol), a natural ligand for TS enzyme. Furthermore, the 3D and 2D interactions analysis of compound D-11 showed a hydrogen bond, π-π stacking, π-anion, hydrophobic and Van der Waals forces with all important amino acid residues (Arg35, Arg245, Arg314, Tyr119, Trp312, Tyr342, Glu230 and Asp59) on the active site of TcTS. Additionally, D-11 showed the highest TcTS enzyme inhibition (86.9% ± 5) by high-performance ion exchange chromatography (HPAEC). Finally, D-11 showed better trypanocidal activity than the reference drugs nifurtimox and benznidazole with an equal % lysis (63 ± 4 and 65 ± 2 at 10 μg/mL) and LC50 value (52.70 ± 2.70 μM and 46.19 ± 2.36 μM) on NINOA and INC-5 strains, respectively. Therefore, D-11 is a small-molecule with potent TcTS inhibition and a strong trypanocidal effect that could help in the development of new anti-Chagas agents.
- Kashif, Muhammad,Chacón-Vargas, Karla Fabiola,López-Cedillo, Julio Cesar,Nogueda-Torres, Benjamín,Paz-González, Alma D.,Ramírez-Moreno, Esther,Agusti, Rosalia,Uhrig, Maria Laura,Reyes-Arellano, Alicia,Peralta-Cruz, Javier,Ashfaq, Muhammad,Rivera, Gildardo
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p. 252 - 268
(2018/07/14)
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- 1-(3-AMINOPROPYL) SUBSTITUTED CYCLIC AMINE COMPOUNDS, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR, AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS AND USES THEREOF
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Provided are 1-(3-aminopropyl) substituted cyclic amine compounds as represented by formula (I), pharmaceutically acceptable salts, enantiomers, diastereoisomers, racemates and mixtures thereof, and a method of synthesizing said 1-(3-aminopropyl) substituted cyclic amine compounds by using aromatic heterocyclic formaldehyde as raw material. Said compounds can be used as CCR 5 antagonist for the treatment of HIV infection.
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Paragraph 0086; 0092
(2017/04/11)
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- Influence of the aromatic moiety in α- And β-arylalanines on their biotransformation with phenylalanine 2,3-aminomutase from: Pantoea agglomerans
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In this study enantiomer selective isomerization of various racemic α- and β-arylalanines catalysed by phenylalanine 2,3-aminomutase from Pantoea agglomerans (PaPAM) was investigated. Both α- and β-arylalanines were accepted as substrates when the aryl moiety was relatively small, like phenyl, 2-, 3-, 4-fluorophenyl or thiophen-2-yl. While 2-substituted α-phenylalanines bearing bulky electron withdrawing substituents did not react, the corresponding substituted β-aryl analogues were converted rapidly. Conversion of 3- and 4-substituted α-arylalanines happened smoothly, while conversion of the corresponding β-arylalanines was poor or non-existent. In the range of pH 7-9 there was no significant influence on the conversion of racemic α- or β-(thiophen-2-yl)alanines, whereas increasing the concentration of ammonia (ammonium carbonate from 50 to 1000 mM) inhibited the isomerization progressively and decreased the amount of the by-product (i.e. (E)-3-(thiophen-2-yl)acrylic acid was detected). In all cases, the high ee values of the products indicated excellent enantiomer selectivity and stereospecificity of the isomerization except for (S)-2-nitro-α-phenylalanine (ee 92%) from the β-isomer. Substituent effects were rationalized by computational modelling revealing that one of the main factors controlling biocatalytic activity was the energy difference between the covalent regioisomeric enzyme-substrate complexes.
- Varga, Andrea,Bánóczi, Gergely,Nagy, Botond,Bencze, László Csaba,To?a, Monica Ioana,Gellért, ákos,Irimie, Florin Dan,Rétey, János,Poppe, László,Paizs, Csaba
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p. 56412 - 56420
(2016/07/06)
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- Enhanced conversion of racemic α-arylalanines to (R)-β- arylalanines by coupled racemase/aminomutase catalysis
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(Graph Presented) The Taxus phenylalanine aminomutase (PAM) enzyme converts several (S)-α-arylalanines to their corresponding (R)-β- arylalanines. After incubating various racemic substrateswith 100 μg of PAM for 20 h at 31°C, each (S)-α-arylalanine was enantioselectively isomerized to its corresponding (R)-β-product. With racemic starting materials, the ratio of (R)-β-arylalanine product to the (S)-α-substrate ranged between 0.4 and 1.8, and the remaining nonproductive (R)-α-arylalanine became enriched. To utilize the (R)-α-isomer, the catalysis of a promiscuous alanine racemase from Pseudomonas putida (KT2440) was coupled with that of PAM to increase the production of enantiopure (R)-β-arylalanines from racemic α-arylalanine substrates. The inclusion of a biocatalytic racemization along with the PAM-catalyzed reactionmoderately increased the overall reaction yield of enantiopure β-arylalanines between 4% and 19% (depending on the arylalanine), which corresponded to as much as a 63% increase compared to the turnover with the aminomutase reaction alone. The use of these biocatalysts, in tandem, could potentially find application in the production of chiral β-arylalanine building blocks, particularly, as refinements to the process are made that increase reaction flux, such as by selectively removing the desired (R)-β-arylalanine product from the reaction mixture. 2009 American Chemical Society.
- Cox, Brad M.,Bilsborrow, Joshua B.,Walker, Kevin D.
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experimental part
p. 6953 - 6959
(2009/12/25)
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- Burkholderia cepacia lipase is an excellent enzyme for the enantioselective hydrolysis of β-heteroaryl-β-amino esters
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The enantioselective (E >200) lipase PS-catalysed hydrolysis of β-heteroaryl-β-amino esters is described. The reactions were performed with H2O (0.5 equiv) in either diisopropyl ether or tert-butyl methyl ether at 25 °C. The resulting β-heteroaryl-substituted β-amino acid enantiomers were formed in high enantiomeric excess (ee ≥ 97%) and in good yield (≥40%).
- Tasnadi, Gabor,Forro, Eniko,Fueloep, Ferenc
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experimental part
p. 1771 - 1777
(2009/12/28)
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- PLATELET ADP RECEPTOR INHIBITORS
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Compounds are provided which are useful as platelet ADP receptor inhibitors, for treating thrombosis and for reducing the likelihood and/or severity of a secondary ischemic event in a patient.
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Page/Page column 42
(2008/06/13)
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- β-styryl- and β-aryl-β-alanine products of phenylalanine aminomutase catalysis
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The substrate specificity of a Taxus-derived phenylalanine aminomutase (PAM) was investigated, and the enzyme was found to catalyze the conversion of variously substituted vinyl- and aryl-S-∞-alanines to corresponding β-amino acids. This study shows the b
- Klettke, Karin L.,Sanyal, Sanjit,Mutatu, Washington,Walker, Kevin D.
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p. 6988 - 6989
(2008/02/06)
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- Structure-activity relationships of 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triones as human gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonists
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SAR studies of 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triones as human gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonists resulted in potent compounds. The best compound from the series had a binding affinity of 2 nM.
- Guo, Zhiqiang,Wu, Dongpei,Zhu, Yun-Fei,Tucci, Fabio C.,Regan, Collin F.,Rowbottom, Martin W.,Struthers, R. Scott,Xie, Qiu,Reijmers, Shelby,Sullivan, Susan K.,Sai, Yang,Chen, Chen
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p. 3685 - 3690
(2007/10/03)
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- Competitive formation of β-amino acids, propenoic, and ylidenemalonic acids by the Rodionov reaction from malonic acid, aldehydes, and ammonium acetate in alcoholic medium
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The Rodionov reaction of 49 available aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes with malonic acid and ammonium acetate in alcoholic medium, resulting in formation of β-amino acids, propenoic, and ylidenemalonic acids, was studied. Certain regioselectivity regularities of the reaction were revealed. Among the variety of ketones studied, cyclohexanone is the only whose reaction yields a β-amino acid. Unusual dehydrofluorination of 6-chloro-2-fluorocinnamic acid under the Rodionov reaction was discovered. 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc.
- Lebedev,Lebedeva,Sheludyakov,Kovaleva,Ustinova,Kozhevnikov
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p. 1113 - 1124
(2007/10/03)
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- The first aminoacylase-catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of aromatic β-amino acids
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The first aminoacylase-catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of aromatic β-amino acids is reported. The presence of an N-chloroacetyl group as acyl group in the substrate as well as the use of porcine kidney acylase I as a suitable enzyme component are prerequisites for this resolution process whereby optically active β-amino acids are formed with high enantioselectivlties of >98% ee.
- Groeger, Harald,Trauthwein, Harald,Buchholz, Stefan,Drauz, Karlheinz,Sacherer, Christiane,Godfrin, Sylve,Werner, Helge
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p. 1977 - 1978
(2007/10/03)
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- 2-CYANOPYRROLES AND THEIR ANALOGUES AS DDP-IV INHIBITORS
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The present invention relates to therapeutically active and selective inhibitors of the enzyme DPP-IV having the formula I: (I) The invention furthermore relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and the use of such compounds for the manufacture of medicaments for treating diseases that are associated with proteins which are subject to inactivation by DPP-IV, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity.
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Page/Page column 45
(2010/02/08)
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- Candida antarctica lipase A - A powerful catalyst for the resolution of heteroaromatic β-amino esters
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Enantioselective acylations of 3-amino-3-heteroarylpropanoates (ArCH(NH2)CH2CO2Et; Ar=2- or 3-thienyl or -furyl) were performed in the presence of Candida antarctica lipase A. As a result of the excellent chemo- and enantioselectivities (E >100), gram-scale resolutions were carried out in ethyl butanoate. The hydrochloride salts of the unreacted R substrates and the butanamides of the reactive S enantiomers were thus prepared.
- Solymar, Magdolna,Fueloep, Ferenc,Kanerva, Liisa T.
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p. 2383 - 2388
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and CNS activity of new 3-amino-3-arylpropionic acid derivatives
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The synthesis of new analogues of methylphenidate and modafinil, derived from 3-amino-3-arylpropionic acids, is described. Central pharmacological properties were studied in mice.
- Renault,Guillon,Huard,Miel,Stiebing,Le Bourn,Boulouard,Dallemagne,Rault
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p. 217 - 223
(2007/10/03)
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- Potent, orally active GPIIb/IIIa antagonists containing a nipecotic acid subunit. Structure-activity studies leading to the discovery of RWJ-53308
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Although intravenously administered antiplatelet fibrinogen receptor (GPIIb/IIIa) antagonists have become established in the acute-care clinical setting for the prevention of thrombosis, orally administered drugs for chronic use are still under development. Herein, we present details from our exploration of structure-activity surrounding the prototype fibrinogen receptor antagonist RWJ-50042 (racemate of 1), which was derived from a unique approach involving the γ-chain of fibrinogen (Hoekstra et al. J. Med. Chem. 1995, 38, 1582). Our analogue studies culminated in the discovery of RWJ-53308 (2), a potent, orally active GPIIb/IIIa antagonist. To progress from RWJ-50042 to a suitable candidate for clinical development, we conducted a series of optimization cycles that employed solid-phase parallel synthesis for the rapid, efficient preparation of nearly 250 analogues, which were assayed for fibrinogen receptor affinity and inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by four different activators. This strategy produced several promising analogues for advanced study, including 3-(3,4- methylenedioxybenzene)-β-amino acid analogue 3 (significant improved in vivo potency) and 3-(3-pyridyl)-β-amino acid 2 (significantly improved potency, oral absorption, and duration of action). In dogs, 2 displayed significant ex vivo antiplatelet activity on oral administration at 1.0 mg/kg, 16% systemic oral bioavailability, minimal metabolic transformation, and an excellent safety profile. Additionally, 2 was found to be efficacious in three in vivo thrombosis models: canine arteriovenous (AV) shunt (0.01-0.1 mg/kg, iv), guinea pig photoactivation-induced injury (0.3-3 mg/kg, iv), and guinea pig ferric chloride-induced injury (0.3-1 mg/kg, iv). On the basis of its noteworthy preclinical data, RWJ-53308 (2) was selected for clinical evaluation.
- Hoekstra, William J.,Maryanoff, Bruce E.,Damiano, Bruce P.,Andrade-Gordon, Patricia,Cohen, Judith H.,Costanzo, Michael J.,Haertlein, Barbara J.,Hecker, Leonard R.,Hulshizer, Becky L.,Kauffman, Jack A.,Keane, Patricia,McComsey, David F.,Mitchell, John A.,Scott, Lorraine,Shah, Rekha D.,Yabut, Stephen C.
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p. 5254 - 5265
(2007/10/03)
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