- Mechanochemical Solvent-Free Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Amides via Highly Chemoselective N?C Cleavage
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Although cross-coupling reactions of amides by selective N?C cleavage are one of the most powerful and burgeoning areas in organic synthesis due to the ubiquity of amide bonds, the development of mechanochemical, solid-state methods remains a major challe
- Ma, Yangmin,Shao, Lei,Szostak, Michal,Wang, Ruihong,Zhang, Jin,Zhang, Pei
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supporting information
(2022/01/04)
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- Direct C–H Carboxylation Forming Polyfunctionalized Aromatic Carboxylic Acids by Combined Br?nsted Bases
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CO2 fixation into electron-deficient aromatic C–H bonds proceeds with the combined Br?nsted bases LiO-t-Bu and LiO-t-Am/CsF/18-crown-6 (t-Am = CEtMe2) under a CO2 atmosphere to afford a variety of polyfunctionalized aromat
- Hanasaka, Kazuya,Izumi, Koki,Kondo, Yoshinori,Kwon, Eunsang,Nozawa-Kumada, Kanako,Shigeno, Masanori,Tohara, Itsuki,Yamakoshi, Hiroyuki
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p. 809 - 814
(2022/02/05)
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- Photo-induced oxidative cleavage of C-C double bonds of olefins in water
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The carbonyl compounds, synthesized by the oxidative cleavage of their corresponding olefins, are of great significance in organic synthesis, especially aryl ketones. We have developed a gentle and effective protocol, using acid red 94 as the organic metal-free photocatalyst, O2 as the oxidant, and water as the solvent. Under visible light irradiation, aryl ketone derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields, showing good economic and environmental advantages.
- Zhang, Yilan,Yue, Xiaoguang,Liang, Chenfeng,Zhao, Jianming,Yu, Wenbo,Zhang, Pengfei
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supporting information
(2021/08/27)
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- Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Fragmentation of Alkynes with NFSI Provides Aryl Ketones
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A copper-catalyzed oxidative cleavage reaction of alkynes using NFSI and TBHP was described. Various terminal and internal alkyne substrates were employed to render quick access to aryl ketone products in moderate to good yields. NFSI not only functioned as N-centered radical precursors but also engaged in the aryl group migration. Mechanistic studies also suggested the important role of water in the title reactions.
- Chen, Hanfei,Cheng, Hao,Huang, Yifan,Jin, Chaochao,Song, Weihan,Tan, Chen,Tan, Jiajing,Tang, Lin,Yang, Fang,Zhang, Shuaifei
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supporting information
(2020/11/03)
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- Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Amides using Well-Defined, Air-Stable [(PR3)2Pd(II)X2] Precatalysts
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A versatile method for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of amides using highly active, well-defined, and air-stable Pd?phosphine precatalysts is reported. Most notably, the method represents the first example of using practical and operationally-simple Pd(II)?phosphine precatalysts in the emerging amide bond cross-coupling manifold. The reactions are efficient at 0.10 mol% loading, furnishing biaryl ketones with high chemoselectivity for N?C(O) bond cleavage. This versatile method enables for the first time to achieve Pd?phosphine-catalyzed cross-coupling of amides at ppm loading. This C?N cross-coupling can be used to efficiently furnish pharmaceutical intermediates by orthogonal Pd-catalyzed cross-couplings. We fully expect that operationally-simple [(PR3)2Pd(II)X2] precatalysts as effective triggers for N?C(O) cross-coupling will be of broad synthetic and catalytic interest. (Figure presented.).
- Li, Guangchen,Ma, Siyue,Szostak, Michal,Zhou, Tongliang
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supporting information
(2020/05/26)
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- Synthesis of biaryl ketones by arylation of Weinreb amides with functionalized Grignard reagents under thermodynamic controlvs.kinetic control ofN,N-Boc2-amides
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A highly efficient method for chemoselective synthesis of biaryl ketones by arylation of Weinreb amides (N-methoxy-N-methylamides) with functionalized Grignard reagents is reported. This protocol offers rapid entry to functionalized biaryl ketones after Mg/halide exchange with i-PrMgCl·LiCl under operationally-simple and practical reaction conditions. The scope of the method is highlighted in >40 examples, including bioactive compounds and pharmaceutical derivatives. Collectively, this transition-metal-free approach offers a major advantage over the recently established cross-coupling of amides by oxidative addition of N-C(O) bonds. Considering the utility of amide acylation reactions in modern synthesis, we expect that this method will be of broad interest.
- Li, Guangchen,Szostak, Michal
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supporting information
p. 3827 - 3831
(2020/06/03)
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- Kinetically Controlled, Highly Chemoselective Acylation of Functionalized Grignard Reagents with Amides by N?C Cleavage
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The direct transition-metal-free acylation of amides with functionalized Grignard reagents by highly chemoselective N?C cleavage under kinetic control has been accomplished. The method offers rapid and convergent access to functionalized biaryl ketones through transient tetrahedral intermediates. The direct access to functionalized Grignard reagents by in situ halogen–magnesium exchange promoted by the versatile turbo-Grignard reagent (iPrMgCl?LiCl) permits excellent substrate scope with respect to both the amide and Grignard coupling partners. These reactions enable facile, operationally simple and chemoselective access to tetrahedral intermediates from amides under significantly milder conditions than chelation-controlled intermediates. This novel direct two-component coupling sets the stage for using amides as acylating reagents in an alternative paradigm to the metal-chelated approach, acyl metals and Weinreb amides.
- Li, Guangchen,Szostak, Michal
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supporting information
p. 611 - 615
(2020/01/02)
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- Xantphos-ligated palladium dithiolates: An unprecedented and convenient catalyst for the carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction with high turnover number and turnover frequency
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Xantphos- and dithiolate-ligated macrocyclic palladium complexes as an efficient and stable catalyst for the carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction have been synthesized. The catalysts were characterized by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), CHNS (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur) analysis, melting point analysis, and 31P-NMR spectroscopy. Several sensitive functional groups (e.g., –NO2, –F, –Cl, –Br, –NH2, and –CN) on the aromatic ring were well tolerated in the carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction. The present palladium complexes produce six times higher turnover number (TON) and five times higher turnover frequency (TOF) compared with conventional homogeneous palladium precursors. Maximum TONs in the range of 105 to 106 and TOF in the range of 104 to 105 could be generated by a very low amount of catalyst loading (10–5?mol%).
- Gaikwad, Vinayak V.,Mane, Pravin A.,Dey, Sandip,Bhanage, Bhalchandra M.
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Amide N-C Hiyama Cross-Coupling: Synthesis of Ketones
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N-Acylglutarimides and arylsiloxanes reacted in the presence of Pd(OAc)2/PCy3, Et3N·3HF, and LiOAc to provide the corresponding arylketones in good yields. Aryl-, vinyl-, and alkyl-substituted N-acylglutarimides showed good activity in the coupling reactions of arylsiloxanes. The reaction had a broad substrate scope and showed good functional group tolerance. N-Benzoylsuccinimide and N-protected N-phenylbenzamides showed good activities in coupling reactions with phenylsiloxane. The employment of CuF2 as an activor afforded the decarbonylative products at 160 °C.
- Idris, Muhammad Aliyu,Lee, Sunwoo
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supporting information
p. 9190 - 9195
(2020/11/18)
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- Combined Photoredox/Enzymatic C?H Benzylic Hydroxylations
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Chemical transformations that install heteroatoms into C?H bonds are of significant interest because they streamline the construction of value-added small molecules. Direct C?H oxyfunctionalization, or the one step conversion of a C?H bond to a C?O bond, could be a highly enabling transformation due to the prevalence of the resulting enantioenriched alcohols in pharmaceuticals and natural products,. Here we report a single-flask photoredox/enzymatic process for direct C?H hydroxylation that proceeds with broad reactivity, chemoselectivity and enantioselectivity. This unified strategy advances general photoredox and enzymatic catalysis synergy and enables chemoenzymatic processes for powerful and selective oxidative transformations.
- Betori, Rick C.,May, Catherine M.,Scheidt, Karl A.
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p. 16490 - 16494
(2019/11/03)
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- Transition-metal-free carbonylation of aryl halides with arylboronic acids by utilizing stoichiometric CHCl3 as the carbon monoxide-precursor
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Under transition-metal-free conditions, carbonylative Suzuki couplings of aryl halides with arylboronic acid using stoichiometric CHCl3 as the carbonyl source has been developed. The simple, efficient, and environmentally benign method was successfully applied to the synthesis of Fenofibric acid, naphthyl phenstatin, and carbon-13 labeled biaryl ketone.
- Xu, Fangning,Li, Dan,Han, Wei
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supporting information
p. 2911 - 2915
(2019/06/18)
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- Continuous flow synthesis of diaryl ketones by coupling of aryl Grignard reagents with acyl chlorides under mild conditions in the ecofriendly solvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran
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An efficient continuous flow sequential synthesis of diaryl ketones was achieved by coupling of aryl Grignard reagents with acyl chlorides in the bio-derived “green” solvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) under mild reaction conditions (ambient temperature, 1 hour), allowing a safe and on-demand generation of 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionitrile with a productivity of 3.16 g hour?1
- Zhang, Chuan-Tao,Zhu, Rui,Wang, Zheng,Ma, Bing,Zajac, Adrian,Smiglak, Marcin,Xia, Chun-Nian,Castle, Steven L.,Wang, Wen-Long
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p. 2199 - 2204
(2019/01/26)
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- Transition-Metal-Free Carbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions of Aryl Iodides with Arylboronic Acids Using N-Formylsaccharin as CO Surrogate
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Unprecedented, high yielding, transition-metal-free carbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of aryl iodides with arylboronic acids using N-formylsaccharin as CO surrogate have been developed. Notably, this general protocol was adapted to the synthesis of the triglyceride and cholesterol regulator drug, fenofibrate, and carbon-13 labeled biaryl ketone. (Figure presented.).
- Yu, Dezhong,Xu, Fangning,Li, Dan,Han, Wei
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supporting information
p. 3102 - 3107
(2019/05/21)
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- Introducing Glycerol as a Sustainable Solvent to Organolithium Chemistry: Ultrafast Chemoselective Addition of Aryllithium Reagents to Nitriles under Air and at Ambient Temperature
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Edging closer towards developing air and moisture compatible polar organometallic chemistry, the chemoselective and ultrafast addition of a range of aryllithium reagents to nitriles has been accomplished by using glycerol as a solvent, at ambient temperature in the presence of air, establishing a novel sustainable access to aromatic ketones. Addition reactions occur heterogeneously (“on glycerol conditions”), where the lack of solubility of the nitriles in glycerol and the ability of the latter to form strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds seem key to favouring nucleophilic addition over competitive hydrolysis. Remarkably, PhLi exhibits a greater resistance to hydrolysis working “on glycerol” conditions than “on water”. Introducing glycerol as a new solvent in organolithium chemistry unlocks a myriad of opportunities for developing more sustainable, air and moisture tolerant main-group-metal-mediated organic synthesis.
- Rodríguez-álvarez, María J.,García-álvarez, Joaquín,Uzelac, Marina,Fairley, Michael,O'Hara, Charles T.,Hevia, Eva
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p. 1720 - 1725
(2018/01/27)
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- Application of trivalent iodine compounds as catalysts in Bal-Schiemann reaction
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The invention discloses an application of trivalent iodine compounds shown in formula I and/or II in the description and used as catalysts in Bal-Schiemann reaction. The trivalent iodine compounds areused as the catalysts in the Bal-Schiemann reaction, so that the Bal-Schiemann reaction can be conducted at room temperature or near room temperature when a thermochemical method is used, and the reaction has mild reaction conditions, wide substrate use range and short reaction time, and is safe and easy to operate, products are easy to separate, and raw materials are simple and low in toxicity.
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Paragraph 0153; 0158
(2018/10/19)
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- Method of utilizing continuous flow microreactor to synthesize benzophenone derivative
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The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and particularly relates to a method of utilizing a continuous flow microreactor to synthesize a benzophenone derivative. The methodincludes: using aryl Grignard reagent and acyl chloride as raw materials; at normal temperature, continuously synthesizing the benzophenone derivative in the microreactor; recycling a reaction solvent2-methyl tetrahydrofuran. Problems of environmental pollution and reaction operation safety caused by the fact that conventional Fridel-Crafts reaction is excessively dependent on reagents like aluminum trichloride, ferric trichloride and zinc dichloride are avoided, the defect that novel catalytic processes are expensive in catalytic reagent and harsh in operation condition is made up, and continuous synthesis of a medical intermediate ketoprofen nitrile is realized efficiently. The method has the advantages of high operation convenience, high reaction safety, high yield, high efficiency andreaction solvent reusability and is environment-friendly and efficient.
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Paragraph 0041-0045
(2018/09/11)
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- Hypervalent Iodine(III)-Catalyzed Balz–Schiemann Fluorination under Mild Conditions
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An unprecedented hypervalent iodine(III) catalyzed Balz–Schiemann reaction is described. In the presence of a hypervalent iodine compound, the fluorination reaction proceeds under mild conditions (25–60 °C), and features a wide substrate scope and good functional-group compatibility.
- Xing, Bo,Ni, Chuanfa,Hu, Jinbo
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supporting information
p. 9896 - 9900
(2018/07/31)
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- Kumada Arylation of Secondary Amides Enabled by Chromium Catalysis for Unsymmetric Ketone Synthesis under Mild Conditions
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The synthesis of aromatic ketones by chromium-catalyzed Kumada arylation of secondary amides with organomagnesium reagents is described. This reaction was enabled by using low-cost chromium(III) salt as a precatalyst, combined with trimethylsilyl chloride
- Chen, Changpeng,Liu, Pei,Luo, Meiming,Zeng, Xiaoming
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p. 5864 - 5868
(2018/05/29)
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- Experimental Evaluation of (L)Au Electron-Donor Ability in Cationic Gold Carbene Complexes
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29Si NMR spectroscopy was employed to evaluate the electron donor properties of the (L)Au fragments in the cationic gold (β,β-disilyl)vinylidene complexes [(L)Au=C=CSi(Me)2CH2CH2Si(Me)2]+B(C6F5)4? [L=P(tBu)2o-biphenyl or NHC] relative to the p-substituted aryl group in the α-aryl-(β,β-disilyl)vinyl cations [(p-C6H4X)-C= CSi(Me)2CH2CH2Si(Me)2]+B(C6F5)4?. Similarly, 19F NMR was employed to evaluate the σ- and π-electron donor properties of the (L)Au fragments in the neutral gold fluorophenyl complexes (L)Au(C6H4F) and in the cationic (fluorophenyl)methoxycarbene complexes [(L)AuC(OMe)(C6H4F)]+SbF6? [L=P(tBu)2o-biphenyl or IPr] relative to the p-substituted aryl group of the protonated monofluorobenzophenones [(p-C6H4X)(C6H4F)COH]+OTf?. The results of these studies indicate that relative to p-substituted aryl groups, the gold (L)Au fragments [L=P(tBu)2o-biphenyl or NHC] are significantly more inductively electron donating and are comparable π-donors and for this reason, the extent of (L)Au→C1 electron donation in gold carbene complexes appears to exceed that provided by a p-(dimethyamino)phenyl group. Furthermore, the [L=P(tBu)2o-biphenyl]Au fragment is a nominally stronger electron donor than the (IPr)Au fragment, and both are significantly more inductively electron donating than the (PPh3)Au and [P(OMe)3]Au fragments.
- Carden, Robert G.,Lam, Nathan,Widenhoefer, Ross A.
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supporting information
p. 17992 - 18001
(2017/11/27)
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- A Nickel-Catalyzed Carbonyl-Heck Reaction
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The use of transition-metal catalysis to enable the coupling of readily available organic molecules has greatly enhanced the ability of chemists to access complex chemical structures. In this work, an intermolecular coupling reaction that unites organotriflates and aldehydes is presented. A unique catalyst system is identified to enable this reaction, featuring a Ni0 precatalyst, a tridentate Triphos ligand, and a bulky amine base. This transformation provides access to a variety of ketone-containing products without the selectivity- and reactivity-related challenges associated with more traditional Friedel–Crafts reactions. A Heck-type mechanism is postulated, wherein the π bond of the aldehyde takes the role of the olefin in the insertion/elimination steps.
- Vandavasi, Jaya Kishore,Hua, XiYe,Halima, Hamdi Ben,Newman, Stephen G.
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p. 15441 - 15445
(2017/11/10)
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- Pd/C in Propylene Carbonate: A Sustainable Catalyst–Solvent System for the Carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Using N-Formylsaccharin as a CO Surrogate
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This work documents the first Pd/C-catalyzed carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of aryl iodides with N-formylsaccharin as a CO surrogate. In contrast to previous reaction protocols, which make use of toxic and hazardous solvents, the reaction could be advantageously performed in propylene carbonate as an environmentally benign and sustainable polar aprotic solvent. A range of biaryl ketones, including (4-methoxyphenyl)(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanone, an antineoplastic belonging to the phenstatin family, could be synthesized under cocatalyst-free, additive-free and ligand-free conditions. The Pd/C could be recycled up to five times under CO surrogacy with only a marginal decrease in catalytic activity. The reaction could also be scaled up to gram-scale syntheses.
- Gautam, Prashant,Gupta, Rashi,Bhanage, Bhalchandra M.
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p. 3431 - 3437
(2017/07/04)
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- Ni-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling of Amides with Aryl Iodide Electrophiles via C-N Bond Activation
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A Ni-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling reaction between two electrophiles, amides and aryl iodides, has been developed. This work is the first example using amide as an electrophile to couple with another electrophile, instead of using highly basic and pyrophoric nucleophiles. Furthermore, the Ni catalyst chemoselectively inserting the C-N bond of amide triggered the reductive cross-coupling reaction, which solves the problem that the Ni catalyst preferentially inserts the more reactive C-I bond to form a self-coupling product.
- Ni, Shengyang,Zhang, Wenzhong,Mei, Haibo,Han, Jianlin,Pan, Yi
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supporting information
p. 2536 - 2539
(2017/05/24)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling of N-Mesylamides by N-C Cleavage: Electronic Effect of the Mesyl Group
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A general Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of N-mesylamides with arylboronic acids by selective N-C cleavage has been developed. The presented results represent the first example of a transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling of amides activated by an atom-economic, cheap, and benign mesyl group. The reaction delivers arylated products featuring a range of useful functional groups by chemoselective cleavage of the amide N-C bond with high efficiency. Both the scope and the origin of high selectivity are discussed. A beneficial effect of the N-mesyl substituent on the bond activation in acyclic amides is presented.
- Liu, Chengwei,Liu, Yongmei,Liu, Ruzhang,Lalancette, Roger,Szostak, Roman,Szostak, Michal
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supporting information
p. 1434 - 1437
(2017/03/23)
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- At normal pressure fragrant ketone copper catalytic synthesis method
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The invention discloses a method of synthesizing diaryl ketone under normal pressure by virtue of copper catalysis. The method is as follows: in a solvent alcohol or aqueous liquor of alcohol, under action of alkali and acid, adding a copper catalyst, alkyl iodide, alkyl boric acid and carbon monoxide to directly carry out crossed coupling reaction to prepare diaryl ketone compounds. According to the invention, the method of preparing diaryl ketone compounds by carbonylation Suzuki coupling reaction has the advantages as follows: the catalyst is wide in source, cheap and small in toxicity; the reaction is free of ligand in reaction and good in activity; the reaction is carried out under the normal pressure and selectivity is high; a substrate source is wide and stable; functional group compatibility is good and scope of application for the substrate is wide; a reaction medium is environment-friendly and recyclable. Under the condition of optimizing reaction conditions, the target product separating yield is 95%.
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Paragraph 0026; 0027; 0030
(2017/07/14)
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- Rapid Synthesis of Aryl Fluorides in Continuous Flow through the Balz–Schiemann Reaction
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The Balz–Schiemann reaction remains a highly utilized means for preparing aryl fluorides from anilines. However, the limitations associated with handling aryl diazonium salts often hinder both the substrate scope and scalability of this reaction. To address this, a new continuous flow protocol was developed that eliminates the need to isolate the aryl diazonium salts. The new process has enabled the fluorination of an array of aryl and heteroaryl amines.
- Park, Nathaniel H.,Senter, Timothy J.,Buchwald, Stephen L.
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supporting information
p. 11907 - 11911
(2016/11/17)
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- Iron-catalyzed carbonylation of aryl halides with arylborons using stoichiometric chloroform as the carbon monoxide source
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A general iron-catalyzed carbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of aryl halides with arylborons is reported, using stoichiometric CHCl3 as the CO source. The high efficiency, economy, selectivity, and operational simplicity of this transformation make this method a valuable tool in organic synthesis. Importantly, the presented strategy allows effective 13C labeling simply by using the commercially available 13C-labeled CHCl3. On the basis of the initial mechanistic exploration, an aryl radical intermediate is proposed in the present carbonylation process.
- Zhao, Hongyuan,Du, Hongyan,Yuan, Xiaorong,Wang, Tianjiao,Han, Wei
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supporting information
p. 5782 - 5787
(2016/11/06)
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- Efficient Synthesis of Diaryl Ketones by Nickel-Catalyzed Negishi Cross-Coupling of Amides by Carbon–Nitrogen Bond Cleavage at Room Temperature Accelerated by a Solvent Effect
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The first Negishi cross-coupling of amides for the synthesis of versatile diaryl ketones by selective C?N bond activation under exceedingly mild conditions is reported. The cross-coupling was accomplished with bench-stable, inexpensive precatalyst [Ni(PPh3)2Cl2] that shows high functional-group tolerance and enables the synthesis of highly functionalized diaryl ketone motifs. The coupling occurred with excellent chemoselectivity favoring the ketone (cf. biaryl) products. Notably, this process represents the mildest conditions for amide N?C bond activation accomplished to date (room temperature, 10 min). Considering the versatile role of polyfunctional biaryl ketone linchpins in modern organic synthesis, availability, and excellent functional-group tolerance of organozinc reagents, this strategy provides a new platform for amide N?C bond/organozinc cross-coupling under mild conditions.
- Shi, Shicheng,Szostak, Michal
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p. 10420 - 10424
(2016/07/21)
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- Coupling of aromatic aldehydes with aryl halides in the presence of nickel catalysts with diazabutadiene ligands
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Nickel catalysts with diazabutadiene ligands promote cross-coupling of benzaldehydes with aryl halides in the presence of zinc as reducing agent, which leads to the corresponding benzhydrols and benzophenones. The benzophenone percentage considerably increases when lithium chloride additive is used.
- Asachenko,Valaeva,Kudakina,Uborsky,Izmer,Kononovich,Voskoboynikov
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p. 456 - 463
(2017/03/08)
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- Transition-metal-free, ambient-pressure carbonylative cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with potassium aryltrifluoroborates
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We disclose an unprecedented transition-metal-free carbonylative cross coupling of aryl halides with potassium aryl trifluoroborates even at atmospheric pressure of carbon monoxide. This protocol is efficient, operationally simple, and shows wide scope with regard to both aryl halides and potassium aryl trifluoroborates containing a series of active functional groups.
- Jin, Fengli,Han, Wei
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supporting information
p. 9133 - 9136
(2015/06/08)
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- An efficient and recyclable thermoregulated phosphine-palladium catalyst for the carbonylative Suzuki coupling of aryl halides with arylboronic acids in water
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An efficient protocol has been developed for the carbonylative Suzuki coupling of aryl halides using the thermoregulated phosphine-palladium as a reusable catalyst in pure water. This protocol was applied to a wide variety of hindered and functionalized aryl iodides and bromides with arylboronic acids, to afford the desired biaryl ketones in good to high yields. The palladium catalyst was easily recovered in the aqueous phase and reused up to eight cycles without a significant decrease in its activity.
- Hao, Yuanping,Jiang, Jingyang,Wang, Yanhua,Jin, Zilin
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p. 106 - 110
(2015/09/28)
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- Iron-catalyzed carbonylative Suzuki reactions under atmospheric pressure of carbon monoxide
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The first highly effective iron-catalyzed carbonylative Suzuki reaction has been developed. Substrates with electron-donating or electron-withdrawing functionality, ortho-substitution, as well as active groups proceeded smoothly, affording desired products in high yields. This protocol is economical, environmentally benign and practical for the synthesis of biaryl ketones. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Zhong, Yanzhen,Han, Wei
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supporting information
p. 3874 - 3877
(2014/04/03)
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- In situ generation of palladium nanoparticles: Ligand-free palladium catalyzed pivalic acid assisted carbonylative Suzuki reactions at ambient conditions
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Highly selective carbonylative Suzuki reactions of aryl iodides with arylboronic acids using an in situ generated nanopalladium system furnished products in high yields. The reactions were performed under ambient conditions and in the absence of an added ligand. The key to success is the addition of pivalic acid, which can effectively suppress undesired Suzuki coupling. The synthesis can be easily scaled up, and the catalytic system can be reused up to nine times. The nature of the active catalytic species are discussed.
- Zhou, Qing,Wei, Shaohua,Han, Wei
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p. 1454 - 1460
(2014/03/21)
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- Copper-catalyzed carbonylative Suzuki coupling of aryl iodides with arylboronic acids under ambient pressure of carbon monoxide
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An efficient and ligandless nanocopper-catalyzed carbonylative cross-coupling of aryl iodides with arylboronic acids at ambient CO pressure in poly(ethylene glycol), has been developed. This protocol is general, practical, and recyclable, and offers an attractive alternative to the corresponding palladium-mediated carbonylative Suzuki process for the construction of biaryl ketone scaffolds.
- Cheng, Laijin,Zhong, Yanzhen,Ni, Zhuchao,Du, Hongyan,Jin, Fengli,Rong, Qi,Han, Wei
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p. 44312 - 44316
(2014/12/10)
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- Direct electrosynthesis of ketones from benzylic methylenes by electrooxidative C-H activation
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Electrify your chemistry! Direct electrosynthesis of ketones from benzylic methylenes in an undivided cell was realized in moderate to good yields (see scheme). In this electrosynthesis, electrons instead of conventional oxidants and catalysts are employed to make the reaction environmentally benign. Moreover, the reaction intermediate radical was detected by ESR spectroscopy and the reaction mechanism was clarified.
- Meng, Li,Su, Jihu,Zha, Zhenggen,Zhang, Li,Zhang, Zhenlei,Wang, Zhiyong
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p. 5542 - 5545
(2013/05/23)
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- DMC mediated one pot synthesis of biaryl ketones from aryl carboxylic and boronic acids
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Synthesis of biaryl ketones has been realized from aryl carboxylic acids in the presence of DMC, facilitated by palladium catalyst under thermal condition. This methodology gives the introduction of carbonyl functionality in one pot from corresponding ary
- Pathak, Arunendra,Rajput, Chatrasal S.,Bora, Pushkar S.,Sharma, Somesh
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p. 2149 - 2150
(2013/05/08)
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- Steric and electronic effects influencing β-aryl elimination in the Pd-catalyzed carbon-carbon single bond activation of triarylmethanols
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An analysis of the palladium-catalyzed activation of carbon-carbon single bonds within triarylmethanols has led to a greater understanding of factors influencing the β-aryl elimination process responsible for C-C bond cleavage. A series of competition reactions were utilized to determine that β-aryl elimination of aryl substituents containing ortho-substitution proceeds with significant preference to unsubstituted phenyl rings. Further experiments indicate that substrates containing either strongly donating or withdrawing substituents are cleaved from triarylmethanols more readily than relatively neutral species.
- Bour, James R.,Green, Jacob C.,Winton, Valerie J.,Johnson, Jeffrey B.
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p. 1665 - 1669
(2013/03/28)
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- Expedient synthesis of 1,3-substituted benzene peptidomimetics
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A synthetic route for replacing the central amino acid in the tripeptide Thr-Ala-Val (TAV) with a 1,3-substituted benzene ring was developed. l-Threonine was introduced into the benzene ring by a Grignard reaction with protected l-threoninal, where the na
- Bach, Anders,Stromgaard, Kristian
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p. 807 - 815
(2011/04/25)
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- Intermolecular N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed hydroacylation of arynes
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A formal introduction: The conceptually new N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed formal insertion of arynes into the Cformyl-H bond of aldehydes demonstrates the compatibility of nucleophilic NHCs with electrophilic arynes. This NHC-catalyzed hydroacylation of arynes allows the conversion of aliphatic, α,β-unsaturated, and aromatic aldehydes into aryl ketones; 27 examples and a preliminary mechanistic investigation are provided. Copyright
- Biju, Akkattu T.,Glorius, Frank
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 9761 - 9764
(2011/03/16)
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- Kinetics of the solvolyses of fluoro-substituted benzhydryl derivatives: Reference electrofuges for the development of a comprehensive nucleofugality scale
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A series of m-fluoro-substituted benzhydryl chloridcjs, bromides, mesylates and Losylates 1-X to 5-X were prepared and subjected to solvolysis reactions in various solvents. The observed first-order rate constants ks(25 °C) were found to follow the correlation equation log ks(25 °C) = Sf(Nf + Ef), which allowed us to determine the electrofugalily parameters Ef for these destabilized benzhydrylium cations and the nucleofugality parameters Nf, S f for a series of leaving group/ solvent combinations.
- Nolte, Christoph,Mayr, Herbert
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1435 - 1439
(2010/05/18)
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- Selective electrochemical aromatic fluorination of acetophenone and benzophenone
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Electrochemical fluorination of acetofenone and benzophenone was studied in anhydrous HF and in solutions. The electrochemical fluorination of acetophenone in HF occurred exclusively in the ring and furnished ortho- and meta-isomers of fluoroacetophenone,
- Shainyan,Danilevich,Grigor'eva,Chuvashev
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p. 1581 - 1586
(2007/10/03)
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- Preparation process of fluorine substituted aromatic compound
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A preparation process of a fluorine substituted aromatic compound comprising reacting an alkali metal or alkali earth metal salt of an aromatic compound having a hydroxy group with an organic fluorinating agent is disclosed. As a representative fluorinating agent, a bis-dialkylamino-difluoromethane compound, for example, 2,2′-difluoro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidine, is exemplified. According to the process, an industrially useful fluorinated aromatic compound, for example, a fluorobenzene, a fluorine substituted benzophenone, a fluorine substituted diarylsulfone can be prepared with ease in economy without specific equipment.
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- UNE VOIE ORIGINALE ET SELECTIVE DE FONCTIONNALISATION EN POSITION META DU FLUORO- ET DE L'ETHYLBENZENE
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An original and regioselective method for the meta functionalisation of fluoro- and ethylbenze is reported.This process involves a 2,5-disilylation of these subtrates using trimethylchlorosilane in the presence of lithium in THF as the solvent.After aromatisation, monodesilylation in position 2- and electrophilic substitution of the trimethylsilyl group in position 5-, meta acetyl-, senecioyl-, benzoyl-, and iodofluorobenzenes and ethylbenzenes as well as the sodium salts of metafluoro or meta ethylbenzenesulfonic acid and 3-aminosulfonylfluorobenzene were obtained in good yields. pair of diastereomeric triamines 15 and 16.A tricyclic diazasystem 19 was formed from the reaction of cyanide with the carbamoylated chloroenamine 18.Monochloroenamine 10a and dichloroenamine 12a showed a significant mutagenic behaviour in the Ames test.
- Bennetau, Bernhard,Krempp, Michele,Dunogues, Jacques,Ratton, Serge
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p. 8131 - 8142
(2007/10/02)
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- Fluorinated phenytoin anticonvulsant analogs
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Six ring-fluorinated phenytoin analogs were synthesized, and their anticonvulsant activity in the maximal electroshock seizure and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol assays was determined. 5-(4-Fluorophenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin, 5-(3-fluorophenyl)-5-phenylhydan
- Nelson,Kwon,Marshall,Hoover,Pfeffer
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p. 115 - 117
(2007/10/09)
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