- Micelle enabled C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-electrophile coupling in waterviasynergistic nickel and copper catalysis
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A robust and sustainable C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-electrophile coupling was developedvianickel/copper synergistic catalysis under micellar conditions. This protocol provided a general method to access alkylated arenes with good to excellent yields on a very large scale.
- Ye, Ning,Wu, Bin,Zhao, Kangming,Ge, Xiaobin,Zheng, Yu,Shen, Xiaodong,Shi, Lei,Cortes-Clerget, Margery,Regnier, Morgan Louis,Parmentier, Michael,Gallou, Fabrice
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supporting information
p. 7629 - 7632
(2021/08/09)
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- General C(sp2)-C(sp3) Cross-Electrophile Coupling Reactions Enabled by Overcharge Protection of Homogeneous Electrocatalysts
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Cross-electrophile coupling (XEC) of alkyl and aryl halides promoted by electrochemistry represents an attractive alternative to conventional methods that require stoichiometric quantities of high-energy reductants. Most importantly, electroreduction can readily exceed the reducing potentials of chemical reductants to activate catalysts with improved reactivities and selectivities over conventional systems. This work details the mechanistically-driven development of an electrochemical methodology for XEC that utilizes redox-active shuttles developed by the energy-storage community to protect reactive coupling catalysts from overreduction. The resulting electrocatalytic system is practical, scalable, and broadly applicable to the reductive coupling of a wide range of aryl, heteroaryl, or vinyl bromides with primary or secondary alkyl bromides. The impact of overcharge protection as a strategy for electrosynthetic methodologies is underscored by the dramatic differences in yields from coupling reactions with added redox shuttles (generally >80%) and those without (generally 20%). In addition to excellent yields for a wide range of substrates, reactions protected from overreduction can be performed at high currents and on multigram scales.
- Hamby, Taylor B.,Sevov, Christo S.,Truesdell, Blaise L.
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supporting information
p. 5884 - 5893
(2020/04/10)
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- Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of tricyclopropylbismuth with aryl halides and triflates
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(Chemical Equation Presented) The palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of tricyclopropylbismuth with aryl and heterocyclic halides and triflates is reported. The reaction tolerates numerous functional groups and does not require anhydrous conditions. The method was successfully extended to the cross-coupling of triethylbismuth.
- Gagnon, Alexandre,Duplessis, Martin,Alsabeh, Pamela,Barabe, Francis
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p. 3604 - 3607
(2008/09/20)
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- Vanilloid receptor ligands and their use in treatments
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Compounds having the general structure and compositions containing them, for the treatment of acute, inflammatory and neuropathic pain, dental pain, general headache, migraine, cluster headache, mixed-vascular and non-vascular syndromes, tension headache, general inflammation, arthritis, rheumatic diseases, osteoarthritis, inflammatory bowel disorders, inflammatory eye disorders, inflammatory or unstable bladder disorders, psoriasis, skin complaints with inflammatory components, chronic inflammatory conditions, inflammatory pain and associated hyperalgesia and allodynia, neuropathic pain and associated hyperalgesia and allodynia, diabetic neuropathy pain, causalgia, sympathetically maintained pain, deafferentation syndromes, asthma, epithelial tissue damage or dysfunction, herpes simplex, disturbances of visceral motility at respiratory, genitourinary, gastrointestinal or vascular regions, wounds, burns, allergic skin reactions, pruritis, vitiligo, general gastrointestinal disorders, gastric ulceration, duodenal ulcers, diarrhea, gastric lesions induced by necrotising agents, hair growth, vasomotor or allergic rhinitis, bronchial disorders or bladder disorders.
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- N-substituted nonaryl-heterocyclo amidyl NMDA/NR2B Antagonists
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Compounds represented by Formula (I): or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are effective as NMDA NR2B antagonists useful for relieving pain.
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- N-substituted nonaryl-heterocyclic NMDA/NR2B antagonists
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Compounds represented by Formula (I): 1or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are effective as NMDA NR2B antagonists useful for relieving pain.
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- Carbon-13 Nuclear Maagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Substituent-induced Chemical Shift Effects on Cyclopropyl Carbons of 4-Substituted Cyclopropylbenzenes
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Carbon-13 chemical shifts of the cyclopropyl carbons of eleven 4-substituted cyclopropylbenzenes have been measured under conditions effectively corresponding to infinite dilution in DCCl3.The substituent-induced chemical shifts (SCS) of both the α and β carbons of the cyclopropane ring were found to be downfield with electron-attracting groups and upfield for electron-donating groups.The trends for the β carbons correspond to those observed for the β carbons of 4-substituted phenylethenes, while the trends of the α carbons are similar to those found for the α carbons of 4-substituted isopropyl benzenes.The results for the β carbons can be rationalized by postulating a substantial contribution from a hyperconjugative resonance effect involving the ? system of the benzene ring (and its 4-substituent) and C-α--C-β bonds of the cyclopropane ring.The effects on the α carbons are in accord with a very resonable smaller inductive polarization of the C-α--C-β bonds than encountered for the carbons of corresponding ethenyl- or ethynylbenzenes.
- Kusuyama, Yoshiaki,Dyllick-Brenzinger, Christina,Roberts, John D.
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p. 372 - 375
(2007/10/02)
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