- Structural control of Au and Au-Pd nanoparticles by selecting capping ligands with varied electronic and steric effects
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Weakly interacting ligands including three Gemini surfactants, didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB), and amines (RNH2,R 2NH, and R3N) were used to prepare Au nanoparticles (NPs). Aqueous Au NPs capped with DDAB and Gemini surfactants showed similar sizes (3-4 nm), whereas toluene-based NPs stabilized with DDAB, amines, and their mixtures range from 2.5 to 9.3 nm. Ligand effect on Au-Pd NP structure was also studied with EXAFS. These findings were consistently accounted for by considering the ligand's electronic/steric effects and mixed ligands coadsorption, and suggest useful ways to control NP structure by manipulating the two effects and using mixed capping ligands.
- Murphy, Patrick B.,Liu, Feng,Cook, Stephen C.,Jahan, Nusrat,Marangoni, D. Gerrard,Grindley, T. Bruce,Zhang, Peng
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- Synthesis of surfactants based on pentaerythritol. II. Anionic gemini surfactants
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Efficient syntheses of three series of anionic gemini surfactants based on pentaerythritol are described. A series of disulfates was prepared by the double displacement of the two cyclic sulfates in the S4-symmetric compound pentaerythritol spirobicyclic sulfate (1) with linear alkoxides. A second series of disulfates was prepared by reaction of the dialkoxides of di-O-alkylpentaerythritols with ethylene sulfate. The di-O-alkylpentaerythritols can be prepared as previously reported by us or by the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the first series of disulfates. A series of disulfonates was prepared by reaction of the dialkoxides of di-O-alkylpentaerythritols with 1,3-propanesultone. This last set of reactions was complicated by the formation of oxetanes, which probably arose from initial reversible displacement on sulfur of the sultone alkoxide by the pentaerythritol alkoxide followed by a second intramolecular displacement of the resulting sulfonate. Changing the order of addition to keep the reaction medium from containing excess base as well as lowering the reaction temperature minimized the amounts of these byproducts. All three series had excellent surfactant properties.
- Tran, Thomas,Jahan, Nusrat,Marangoni, D. Gerrard,Grindley, T. Bruce
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- Industrial preparation method of cyclic sulfate
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The invention discloses an industrial preparation method of cyclic sulfate, and belongs to the technical field of new energy material synthesis. The method comprises the following steps: 1, generatingsulfoxide from pentaerythritol A by using thionyl chloride, thereby avoiding the use of organic alkali or inorganic alkali used in the existing literature and obtaining a key intermediate thionyl chloride B; 2, using chlorine as a source of an oxidizing agent, so that noble metal, Oxone with low effective oxygen ratio and high-concentration hydrogen peroxide are prevented from being oxidized, andcyclic sulfate C is obtained; on the basis of the existing literature, the process for preparing the cyclic sulfate with simple operation and high yield is successfully developed, the requirement onproduction equipment is reduced, and the product competitiveness is improved.
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Paragraph 0027-0029; 0032-0034; 0037-0039
(2021/04/03)
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- Preparation method of dicyclic sulfite and dicyclic sulfate
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The invention provides a preparation method of dicyclic sulfite. The dicyclic sulfite is prepared by mixing a compound A and thionyl chloride and reacting; the compound A has a structure as shown in a formula (1) in the specification; the dicyclic sulfite has a structure as shown in a formula (2) in the specification; R1 to R8 are independently selected from H, a halogen atom, a cyano group, silane trifluoride or at least one X-substituted alkyl group with 1 to 3 carbon atoms when appearing at each time; and X is respectively and independently selected from H, F, silane group, cyano group or isocyanate group. The preparation method is mild in reaction, free of solvent participation, short in reaction time and easy in process control, and can be used for preparing high-yield and high-purity dicyclic sulfite.
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Paragraph 0068-0070; 0072-0074; 0076-0078; 0107-0109; 0111
(2021/04/26)
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- Preparation method of pentaerythritol sulfate
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The invention discloses a preparation method of pentaerythritol sulfate. The method comprises the following steps: mixing pentaerythritol sulfite, a second organic solvent, a catalyst and an oxidizingagent and putting the mixture into a reactor, wherein the second organic solvent is incompatible with the target product pentaerythritol sulfate, the catalyst is a titanium silicalite molecular sieve, and the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide; stirring for reaction for 2-6 hours at normal temperature; performing suction filtration on the reaction solution after the reaction is finished; addinga third solvent into the filter residue, heating and stirring for 4-6 hours, and performing suction filtration to obtain a crude product solution; and washing the crude product solution, and crystallizing the crude product solution to obtain a pentaerythritol sulfate finished product. The method has the advantages that the process route is simple, the reaction is easy to control, the purificationdifficulty is low, the product purity is high and can reach 99% or above, and the pentaerythritol sulfate can be used as an additive of the lithium ion battery electrolyte.
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Paragraph 0018-0023
(2020/07/07)
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- Monodisperse polyethylene glycol “brushes” with enhanced lipophilicity, and thermo and plasma stability
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A convenient strategy was developed for highly branched and multifunctionalized peptidic monodisperse polyethylene glycol “brushes”, which exhibit remarkable physicochemical and biological properties and potential as versatile biomaterials.
- Li, Yu,Wang, Xuemeng,Chen, Yongping,Yang, Zhigang,Jiang, Zhong-Xing
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supporting information
p. 1895 - 1898
(2019/05/02)
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- Novel sulfur-containing electrolyte additive and synthesis preparation method thereof
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The invention discloses a preparation method for synthesizing a novel electrolyte additive by using a dihalogen compound of sulfur and pentaerythritol under the action of a catalyst by adopting a one-step method. Pentaerythritol and dichloro sulfone raw materials are taken as examples for synthesis, the dichloro sulfone and the catalyst are fully dissolved with a solvent under the nitrogen protection, the pentaerythritol is added in batches under the reflux at 60-65 DEG C, full reaction is executed to obtain a pentaerythritol disulfonyl crude product, the crude product obtained by the reactionis filtered and distilled, washing and purification are executed by using a solvent, then vacuum drying is carried out to obtain a target product pentaerythritol disulfonyl fine product. The compoundprepared by the method is novel in structure and high in product purity, the raw materials are low in cost, the synthesis by the one-step method is simple and efficient, waste is easy to treat, the economic efficiency in the reaction process is high, the product can be used as the electrolyte additive of a lithium ion battery, and the comprehensive performance of the battery is improved.
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Paragraph 0022
(2019/10/01)
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- Synthesis of sulfated mono- and ditertiary phosphines, complex chemistry and catalysis
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Cyclic and bicyclic sulfates have been prepared from commonly available alcohols. Nucleophilic cleavage of the cyclic sulfates affords a new type of water-soluble mono- and ditertiary phophines bearing -OSO3Li groups in distinguished positions in the molecular framework. Both phosphines have amphiphilic character. Reactions of the chiral 2 and the dppp analogue 5 with [Rh(COD)Cl]2 and Pt(PhCN)2Cl2 provide novel zwitterionic complexes. Rhodium complexes of 2 and 5 have been successfully applied in liquid biphasic hydroformylation of styrene and octene-1. When the rhodium complex of 5 was used as catalyst in hydroformylation of styrene, less then 4 ppm rhodium could be detected in the organic phase.
- Gulyas,Dobo,Bakos
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p. 1040 - 1048
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel organosulfur donors containing hydroxy functionalities: Synthesis of bis[2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diyldithio]-tetrathiafulvalene and related materials
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A report on the synthesis of novel organosulfur donors with two or more hydroxymethyl groups were presented. Achiral hydroxy-substituted derivatives of tetrathiafulvalene and some tetrathiafulvalene carrying alternative hydrogen bond donors were studied. Cyclic sulfate esters of vic-diols in the preparation of substituted bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene derivative were used by performing substitution reactions with the thiolate.
- Ozturk, Turan,Saygili, Nezire,Ozkara, Serife,Pilkington, Melanie,Rice, Craig R.,Tranter, Deborah A.,Turksoy, Figen,Wallis, John D.
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p. 407 - 414
(2007/10/03)
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- PRODUCTION OF CYCLIC SULFITES AND THEIR TRANSFORMATION INTO SUBSTITUTED TRI(CHLOROMETHYL)METHANES
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The production of cyclic sulfites from trihydric alcohols and their conversion into chlorides by the action of DMFA-SOCl2 complex are described.By PMR and IR spectroscopy it was shown that cyclic sulfites exist preferentially in the chair conformation with the axial orientation of the S=O bond.It was established that the chlorides are formed in two parallel paths, i.e. directly from trihydric alcohols and their cyclic sulfites.
- Bolotov, A. A.,Rodin, A. A.,V'yunov, K. A.,Ginak, A. I.,Sarkisov, Yu. S.
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p. 1812 - 1819
(2007/10/02)
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