- Method for continuous-flow synthesis of 2-sulfydryl-5-methoxybenzimidazole
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The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for continuous-flow synthesis of 2-sulfydryl-5-methoxybenzimidazole. The method comprises the following reaction steps in a continuous flow reactor: (1) subjecting 2-nitro-4-methoxyaniline to reacting with a reducing agent under the action of a catalyst to obtain a reaction solution containing 4-methoxy o-phenylenediamine; and (2) enabling the reaction solution containing the 4-methoxy o-phenylenediamine to react with carbon disulfide so as to generate the 2-sulfydryl-5-methoxybenzimidazole. According to the production process improved by a continuous flow technology in the invention, reaction time is greatly shortened, operation is simple and convenient, production efficiency is improved, and the yield and the purity of the obtained product are very high. Therefore, the method disclosed by the invention has a very good application prospect in the synthesis of 2-sulfydryl-5-methoxybenzimidazole.
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Paragraph 0034; 0039-0042; 0045-0047; 0050-0052; 0055-0057
(2021/07/17)
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- A new series of benzoxazole-based SIRT1 modulators for targeted therapy of non-small-cell lung cancer
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In an attempt to identify potential anticancer agents for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) targeting sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), the synthesis of a new series of benzoxazoles (3a – i) was carried out through a facile and versatile synthetic route. The compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma and NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells using the MTT assay. 2-[(5-Nitro-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)thio]-N-(2-methylbenzoxazol-5-yl)acetamide (3e) and 2-[(5-chloro-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)thio]-N-(2-methylbenzoxazol-5-yl)acetamide (3g) were the most potent and selective anticancer agents in this series against the A549 cell line, with IC50 values of 46.66 ± 11.54 and 55.00 ± 5.00 μM, respectively. The flow cytometry-based apoptosis detection assay was performed to determine their effects on apoptosis in A549 cells. Both compounds induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of compounds 3e and 3g on SIRT1 activity were determined. On the basis of in vitro studies, it was observed that compound 3g caused a significant decrease in SIRT1 levels in a dose-dependent manner, whereas compound 3e increased the SIRT1 levels. According to molecular docking studies, the substantial alteration in the type of action could be attributed to the difference between the interactions of compounds 3e and 3g with the same residues in the active site of SIRT1 (PDB code: 4IG9). On the basis of in silico ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) studies, these compounds are predicted to possess favorable ADME profiles. According to the in vitro and in silico studies, compounds 3e and 3g, small-molecule SIRT1 modulators, were identified as potential orally bioavailable anticancer agents for the targeted therapy of NSCLC.
- Sever, Belgin,Akal?n ?ift?i, Gül?en,Alt?ntop, Mehlika Dilek
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- Cinnamide derived pyrimidine-benzimidazole hybrids as tubulin inhibitors: Synthesis, in silico and cell growth inhibition studies
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An approach in modern medicinal chemistry to discover novel bioactive compounds is by mimicking diverse complementary pharmacophores. In extension of this strategy, a new class of piperazine-linked cinnamide derivatives of benzimidazole-pyrimidine hybrids have been designed and synthesized. Their in vitro cytotoxicity profiles were explored on selected human cancer cell lines. Specifically, structural comparison of target hybrids with tubulin-DAMA-colchicine and tubulin-nocodazole complexes has exposed a deep position of benzimidazole ring into the αT5 loop. All the synthesized compounds were demonstrated modest to interesting cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines. The utmost cytotoxicity has shown with an amine linker of benzimidazole-pyrimidine series, with specificity toward A549 (lung cancer) cell line. The most potent compound in this series was 18i, which inhibited cancer cell growth at micromolar concentrations ranging 2.21–7.29 μM. Flow cytometry studies disclosed that 18i inhibited the cells in G2/M phase of cell cycle. The potent antitumor activity of 18i resulted from enhanced microtubule disruption at a similar level as nocodazole on β-tubulin antibody, explored using immunofluorescence staining. The most active compound 18i also inhibited tubulin polymerization with an IC50 of 5.72 ± 0.51 μM. In vitro biological analysis of 18i presented apoptosis induction on A549 cells with triggering of ROS generation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in DNA injury. In addition, 18i displayed impairment in cellular migration and inhibited the colony formation. Notably, the safety profile of most potent compound 18i was revealed by screening against normal human pulmonary epithelial cells (L132: IC50: 69.25 ± 5.95 μM). The detailed binding interactions of 18i with tubulin was investigated by employing molecular docking, superimposition and free energy analyses. Thus remarks made in this study established that pyrimidine-benzimidazole hybrids as a new class of tubulin polymerization inhibitors with significant anticancer activity.
- Sana, Sravani,Reddy, Velma Ganga,Srinivasa Reddy,Tokala, Ramya,Kumar, Rahul,Bhargava, Suresh K.,Shankaraiah, Nagula
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- Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of Dihydro-benzoimidazo-[1,3]-thiazines via Electro-oxidative Selenocyclization of Thioallyl Benzoimidazoles
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The current methodology reveals a green and proficient electro-oxidative tandem selenocyclization of thioallyl benzoimidazoles manufacturing selenylated dihydro-benzoimidazo-thiazine derivatives. Both C?Se and C?N bond formation were achieved via this mild protocol which exhibits good functional group tolerability affording an extensive range of substrate scope up to 96% isolated yields. Complete control over the regioselective formation of the six-membered heterocycle and stereoselective construction of the contiguous stereocenters was established. The practical electrochemical method operates in an undivided cell at ambient temperature without using any metal and external chemical oxidant.
- Halder, Atreyee,Mahanty, Kingshuk,Maiti, Debabrata,De Sarkar, Suman
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supporting information
p. 3895 - 3899
(2021/10/23)
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- A new strategy for the synthesis of 2-mercaptobenzazole derivatives by green chemistry metrics
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A green and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of 2-mercaptobenzazole derivatives via the reaction of commercially available aniline derivatives with low-cost and nontoxic potassium thiocyanate in water. The reactions proceeded smoothly under catalyst- and ligand-free conditions to give the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. The versatility, low cost, and environmental friendliness, in combination with high yields and easy work-up makes the procedure noteworthy.
- Vessally, Esmail,Monfared, Aazam,Eskandari, Zahra,Abdoli, Morteza,Hosseinian, Akram
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supporting information
p. 1 - 5
(2020/08/25)
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- Esomeprazole sodium and lyophilized preparation comprising same
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The invention provides esomeprazole sodium and a lyophilized preparation comprising the same. A preparation method of esomeprazole sodium includes following steps: 1), synthesizing an intermediate; 2), synthesizing esomeprazole sodium; 3), roughly preparing esomeprazole sodium; 4), finely preparing esomeprazole sodium. Esomeprazole sodium prepared by the method is higher in preparation accuracy and safer to use; the preparation process is easier to control, and step decomposition brings convenience to quality control of middle steps, so that ensuring of preparation accuracy of esomeprazole sodium is facilitated, and drug prepared from esomeprazole sodium is safer.
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- Identification and structural characterization of the stress degradation products of omeprazole using Q-TOF-LC-ESI-MS/MS and NMR experiments: Evaluation of the toxicity of the degradation products
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Omeprazole (OMP), a prototype proton pump inhibitor used for the treatment of peptic ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), was subjected to forced degradation studies as per ICH guidelines Q1A (R2). The drug undergoes degradation under acid, base, neutral hydrolysis and oxidative degradation conditions and forms a total of sixteen degradation products, which were characterized by LC-MS/MS experiments and accurate mass measurements. Oxidative degradation products (OMP-15 and OMP-16) were synthesized and confirmed by various NMR experiments. The cytotoxic effects of OMP-15 and OMP-16 were tested on normal human cells HEK 293 and NIH3T3 by MTT assay. Based on the cytotoxicity results, compared to the standard OMP, both OMP-15 and OMP-16 were found to have relatively weaker toxic effects towards normal cells. Further, the in silico toxicity of OMP and its degradation products (OMP-1 to OMP-16) was assessed by the ProTox-II prediction tool. OMP and OMP-8 are predicted to have carcinogenicity, OMP-7 to have hepatotoxicity and OMP-2, OMP-3, OMP-9, OMP-11, OMP-14 and OMP-16 to have immune system toxicity with a high confidence score. The drug, OMP-1, OMP-6, OMP-7, OMP-8, OMP-13 and OMP-15 are predicted to combine with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) with a high probability score. Additionally, two different targets, amine oxidase A and prostaglandin G/H synthase 1, are predicted as toxicity targets for OMP, OMP-1, OMP-6, OMP-8, OMP-13, OMP-15 and OMP-16 with probable binding.
- Shankar,Borkar, Roshan M.,Udutha, Suresh,Kanakaraju,Sai Charan,Misra,Srinivas
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p. 7294 - 7306
(2019/05/24)
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- 2-substituted thioacetamide compound, and preparation method and application thereof
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The invention discloses a 2-substituted thioacetamide compound, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The structure of the 2-substituted thioacetamide compound is represented by formulaI, and R in the formula I is a C1-C3 alkoxy group, halogen or NR1R2, wherein R1 and R2 are H and a C1-C3 alkyl group independently. The compound can effectively inhibit protein-arginine methyltransferase 5, and can be used as a PRMT5 inhibitor.
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Paragraph 0073; 0081; 0082; 0083
(2018/11/04)
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- AlCl3-Promoted Synthesis of 2-Mercapto Benzoheterocycles by Using Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate as Thiocarbonyl Surrogate
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A simple, expeditious and high-efficiency synthetic method for the AlCl3-mediated one-pot preparation of 2-mercapto benzoheterocycles (2-mercapto benzothiazoles, benzoxazoles and benzimidazoles) is described. By the treatment of a series of S, O and N heteroatoms containing bifunctional molecules with sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate in AlCl3, the desired benzoheterocycles are obtained smoothly. The protocol can also be applied on the synthesis of a series of thiazolidine-2-thiones, imidazolidine-2-thiones. This novel synthetic approach has advantages such as ligand-free, high efficiency, short reaction time, readily available starting materials and simple experimental procedures.
- Liu, Xing,Zhang, Shi-Bo,Dong, Zhi-Bing
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p. 5406 - 5411
(2018/10/20)
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- An environmentally benign and efficient synthesis of substituted benzothiazole-2-thiols, benzoxazole-2-thiols, and benzimidazoline-2-thiones in water
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An efficient and practical method for the one-step synthesis of benzothiazole-2-thiols, benzoxazole-2-thiols and benzimidazoline-2-thiones by cyclization of 2-aminothiophenols, 2-aminophenols, and 1,2-phenylenediamines with tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) in water was described. The features of this method include metal/ligand-free, excellent yield, short reaction time and broad substrate scope. The method provides a facile and convenient preparation of some potentially biologically active compounds.
- Liu, Xing,Liu, Min,Xu, Wan,Zeng, Meng-Tian,Zhu, Hui,Chang, Cai-Zhu,Dong, Zhi-Bing
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p. 5591 - 5598
(2017/12/06)
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- Potent, Selective, and Cell Active Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) Inhibitor Developed by Structure-Based Virtual Screening and Hit Optimization
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PRMT5 plays important roles in diverse cellular processes and is upregulated in several human malignancies. Besides, PRMT5 has been validated as an anticancer target in mantle cell lymphoma. In this study, we found a potent and selective PRMT5 inhibitor by performing structure-based virtual screening and hit optimization. The identified compound 17 (IC50 = 0.33 μM) exhibited a broad selectivity against a panel of other methyltransferases. The direct binding of 17 to PRMT5 was validated by surface plasmon resonance experiments, with a Kd of 0.987 μM. Kinetic experiments indicated that 17 was a SAM competitive inhibitor other than the substrate. In addition, 17 showed selective antiproliferative effects against MV4-11 cells, and further studies indicated that the mechanism of cellular antitumor activity was due to the inhibition of PRMT5 mediated SmD3 methylation. 17 may represent a promising lead compound to understand more about PRMT5 and potentially assist the development of treatments for leukemia indications.
- Mao, Ruifeng,Shao, Jingwei,Zhu, Kongkai,Zhang, Yuanyuan,Ding, Hong,Zhang, Chenhua,Shi, Zhe,Jiang, Hualiang,Sun, Dequn,Duan, Wenhu,Luo, Cheng
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p. 6289 - 6304
(2017/08/02)
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- Thiocarbonyl Surrogate via Combination of Sulfur and Chloroform for Thiocarbamide and Oxazolidinethione Construction
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An efficient and practical thiocarbonyl surrogate via combination of sulfur and chloroform has been developed. A variety of thiocarbamides and oxazolidinethiones have been established, including chiral thiourea catalysts and chiral oxazolidinethione auxiliaries with high selectivity. Meanwhile, pesticides Diafenthiuron (an acaricide), ANTU (a rodenticide), and Chloromethiuron (an insecticide) were practically synthesized through this method in gram scale. Dicholorocarbene, as the key intermediate, was further confirmed via a carbene-trapping control experiment.
- Tan, Wei,Wei, Jianpeng,Jiang, Xuefeng
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supporting information
p. 2166 - 2169
(2017/04/27)
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- Synthesis and evaluation of novel benzimidazole derivatives as antimicrobial agents
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Benzimidazole analogs bearing electron-withdrawing as well as electron-donating substituent were synthesized to achieve bioactive molecules with significant antimicrobial property. The desired compounds were prepared by multi-step synthesis process. The formation of intermediates and their corresponding derivatives (III 1-13 ) was confirmed by spectral characterization such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectra, IR, and elemental analysis. The compounds were screened for their antimicrobial properties against a broad panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. From the SAR study data, it was observed that the derivatives with electron-withdrawing functional groups were more bioactive than that with electron-donating functional groups.
- Joshi, Deepkumar,Parikh, Kalpesh
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p. 1290 - 1299
(2014/03/21)
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- Slow, spontaneous degradation of lansoprazole, omeprazole and pantoprazole tablets: Isolation and structural characterization of the toxic antioxidants 3H-benzimidazole-2-thiones
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The spontaneous degradation of lansoprazole, omeprazole and pantoprazole tablets upon long-term and forced storage conditions was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The more abundant products could be isolated by liquid chromatography and their molecular weights determined by Mass Spectrometry (MS). Their structures, established according to their spectroscopic data, were compared to those of either the literature or of authentic samples. Thus lansoprazole led mainly to a mixture of 3H-benzimidazole-2-thione (2a) and 3H-benzimidazole-2-one (2c), omeprazole mainly to a mixture of 5-methoxy-3H-benzimidazole-2-thione (1a) and 2-hydroxymethyl-3, 5-dimethyl- 4-methoxypyridine (1b), and pantoprazole, to 5-difluoromethoxy-3H-benzimidazole-2-thione (3a) and 2-hydroxymethyl-3, 4-dimethoxypyridine (3b). Although some of the degradation products had already been observed under different conditions, the detection of benzimidazole-2- thiones is unprecedented and their involvement as possible physiological, yet toxic antioxidants must be emphasized. Plausible, unified mechanisms for the formation of the different degradation products observed herein and in previous papers from the literature are suggested.
- Rajab,Touma,Rudler,Afonso,Seuleiman
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p. 749 - 754
(2013/10/08)
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- Regioselective synthesis of isoxazole-mercaptobenzimidazole hybrids and their in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity studies
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Regioselective synthesis of isoxazole-mercaptobenzimidazole hybrids and their efficiency in in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity was described. A comparison of structure-activity relationship for there compounds was also emphasized.
- Kankala, Shravankumar,Kankala, Ranjith Kumar,Gundepaka, Prasad,Thota, Niranjan,Nerella, Srinivas,Gangula, Mohan Rao,Guguloth, Hanmanthu,Kagga, Mukkanti,Vadde, Ravinder,Vasam, Chandra Sekhar
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p. 1306 - 1309
(2013/03/14)
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- Diversified synthesis of novel quinoline and dibenzo thiazepine derivatives using known active intermediates
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The novel drug development to control resisting infections in conventional drug therapy is a need of today. Few antiulcer relative derivatives developed by approaching convergent synthesis. The derivatives synthesized successfully are dibenzo thiazepine-pyridine (SLN11-SLN15) and benzimidazole-hydroquinoline based derivatives (SLN16-SLN20). It involved the coupling through microwave, sonication and conventional techniques at final step. The efficient technology identified as sonication technique basically time and yield. The reported compounds were structural characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies such as 1H, 13C NMR and MS.
- Sharada,Satyanarayana Reddy,Sammaiah,Sumalatha
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p. 7959 - 7966
(2013/09/23)
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- An expeditious microwave-assisted synthesis of mercapto benzazoles, quinazolinone and oxadiazoles
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A simple, convenient and high yielding synthetic method for the preparation of various mercapto derivatives of benzimidazoles 2a-e, benzoxazole 2f, benzothiazole 2g, quinazolinone 2h, 5- substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles 4a-f by the treatment of a series of O, S and N heteroatoms containing bifunctional molecules with potassium isopropyldithiocarbonate under microwave irradiation technique is described.
- Mahesh Kumar,Dubey
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p. 1619 - 1622
(2013/01/15)
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- Studies in the synthesis of 2-mercapto-5-methoxybenzimidazole
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The compound, 2-mercapto-5-methoxybenzimidazole, is an important intermediate required for the synthesis of omeprazole. It is a proton pump blocker or an inhibitor of the enzyme, H+/K+-ATPase. In the present work, synthesis of this intermediate by three different routes has been discussed and its yields from all the three routes have been compared.
- Mahajan,Nandre
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p. 1756 - 1758
(2007/10/03)
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- AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURE OF SUBSTITUTED BENZIMIDAZOLES
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The present invention relates to a process for the production of benzimidazole derivatives comprising providing an amino acetamido benzene derivative; and condensing and cyclising the aminoacetamido benzene derivative in the presence of a base and in the presence of a cyclising agent under conditions effective to form the benzimidazole derivative. The acetamido benzene derivative has the formula (I) wherein R is OMe or OCHF2. The resulting substituted benzimidazoles are key intermediates in the synthesis of H+/K+-ATPase irreversible inhibitors, most particularly Omeprazole.
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- New styryl sulfones as anticancer agents
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New styryl sulfone compounds have been synthesized and evaluated for their anti-proliferative activity. Among the compounds synthesized, one compound (7k) has shown 51% tumor growth inhibition in mice implanted with HT-29 human carcinoma at 400 mg kg-1 orally.
- Vedula, Manohar Sharma,Pulipaka, Aravind Babu,Venna, Chandrasekhar,Chintakunta, Vamsee Krishna,Jinnapally, Sreenu,Kattuboina, Venkata Adiseshu,Vallakati, Ravi Krishna,Basetti, Vishnu,Akella, Venkateswarlu,Rajgopal, Sriram,Reka, Ajaya Kumar,Teepireddy, Sravan Kumar,Mamnoor, Prem Kumar,Rajagopalan, Ramanujam,Bulusu, Gopalakrishnan,Khandelwal, Akash,Upreti, Vijay V.,Mamidi, Srinivas Rao
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p. 811 - 824
(2007/10/03)
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- A new route for the synthesis of 2-mercapto benzimidazoles
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Benzenes 1,2-bis-(3-methyl-2-thioureido) are refluxed in nonpolar solvents to get the title compounds and N,N'-dimethyl thiourea.
- Ambati, Narahari Babu,Ramesh Babu,Anand,Hanumanthu
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p. 289 - 294
(2007/10/03)
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With the aid of DCx and DPP Omeprazol (1) can be determined in Britton-Robinson-buffers (BRP, pH 7-9) up to a concentration of 10~5 M. The mechanism of the reduction process on the DME could be elucidated. With consumption of two electrons and two protons 1 will be reduced to 5-methoxy-2-[(3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxypyridin-2-yl)methylthio]-l Hbenzimidazole which will be cleaved with uptake of two further electrons and two protons into 4-methoxy-2,3,5-trimethylpyridine and 2-mercapto-5-methoxybenzimidazole.
- Knoth,Oelschlaeger,Volke,Ludvik
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p. 686 - 691
(2007/10/03)
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- Substituted 2-[monoannelated (3,4-,4,5-, and 5,6-) pyridylalkylenesulfinyl]benzimidazoles
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The present invention provides novel substituted 2-[monoannelated(3,4- 4,5-, and 5,6-)pyridylalkylenesulfinyl]-benzimidazoles with gastric acid inhibiting effects.
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- Synthesis of N-Acetylbenzimidazole Derivatives
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For the structure determination of thiazolobenzimidazol-3(2H)-one derivatives (2 or 3) they were converted to the corresponding 1-acetylbenzimidazoles (4) by desulfurization.The latter compounds (4) were alternatively prepared by the cyclization of 2-aminoacetanilide derivatives (5) with CS2 in dimethylformamide (DMF), followed by desulfurization with Raney Ni.However, the reactions of 5 with ethyl orthoformate/H2SO4 in DMF gave a mixture of 4 and its acetyl-rearranged product (7).Keywords-acetyl group; rearrangement; thiazolobenzimidazol-3(2H)-one; N-acetylbenzimidazoles; ethyl orthoformate; carbon disulfide; desulfurization
- Tanaka, Kenjiro,Shimazaki, Michiko,Murakami, Yasuoki
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p. 2714 - 2722
(2007/10/02)
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