Molecular Engineering of β-Substituted Oxoporphyrinogens for Hydrogen-Bond Donor Catalysis
A new class of bifunctional hydrogen-bond donor organocatalyst using oxoporphyrinogens having increased intramolecular hydrogen-bond donor distances is reported. Oxoporphyrinogens are highly non-planar rigid macrocycles containing a multiple hydrogen bond-forming binding site. In this work, we describe the first example of non-planar OxPs as hydrogen-bond donor catalysts prepared using a molecular engineering approach of the binding site for dual activation of substrates. The introduction of β-substituents is key to the catalytic activity and the catalysts are able to catalyze 1,4-conjugate additions and sulfa-Michael additions, as well as, Henry and aza-Henry reactions at low catalyst loadings (≤ 1 mol-%) under mild conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies have been carried out and a possible reaction mechanism has been proposed based on the bi-functional activation of both substrates through hydrogen-bonding interactions.
Chahal, Mandeep K.,Payne, Daniel T.,Matsushita, Yoshitaka,Labuta, Jan,Ariga, Katsuhiko,Hill, Jonathan P.
supporting information
p. 82 - 90
(2020/01/02)
The ultrasound promoted Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes
Application of ultrasound has been found to greatly assist the Knoevenagel aldol condensation reaction of activated methylenes with aromatic aldehydes under mild conditions. The outcome of the ultrasound-promoted reaction depends upon the electronic nature of the aromatic aldehyde, the solvent employed and the addition of acids, bases or ammonium salts.
McNulty, James,Steere, Jennifer A.,Wolf, Sonja
p. 8013 - 8016
(2007/10/03)
Asymmetric Reductive Amination of Cycloalkanones, VII: Asymmetric Synthesis of cis-1R,2R- and cis-1S,2S,-2-Arylcyclohexanamines
The asymmetric synthesis of cis-2-arylcyclohexanamines 4 by a three-step procedure is reported: condensation of racemic 2-arylcyclohexanones 1 with the chiral auxiliary R-(+)- or S-(-)-1-phenylethylamine, respectively, leads to a mixture of the imin isomers 2.Upon hydrogenation with Raney-Nickel just one secondary amin of type 3 is obtained, which is hydrogenolyzed to the optically active primary cis-2-arylcyclohexanamines 4.The relative configuration as well as the conformation were derived from 1H-NMR data.The absolute configuration of the highly enantiomericallypure compounds 4 was determined by CD spectra.
Nachtsheim, Corina M.,Frahm, August W.
p. 187 - 197
(2007/10/02)
A Facile Sythesis of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolines Through Cyclization of O,N-Acetals
A mild and efficient method for the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines by a modified Pictet-Spengler reaction involving Lewis acid-mediated cyclization of O,N-acetals is described.