- Redox-driven molecular switches consisting of bis(benzodithiolyl)bithienyl scaffold and mesogenic moieties: Synthesis and complexes with liquid crystalline polymer
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Molecular switches composed of a benzodithiolylbithienyl scaffold and biphenyl or terphenyl mesogenic substituents were designed and synthesized. The molecular switches could undergo redox-triggered interconversion between the cationic form and cyclized n
- Ohtake, Toshihiro,Tanaka, Hideki,Matsumoto, Tetsuro,Kimura, Mutsumi,Ohta, Akira
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Read Online
- Dual Emission of meso-Phenyleneethynylene–BODIPY Oligomers: Synthesis, Photophysics, and Theoretical Optoelectronic Study
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Two series of 2,5-di(butoxy)phenyleneethynylenes, one halogenated (nPEC4-X; n=2, 3, or 4) and the other boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) terminated (nPEC4-By; n=3, 4, or 5; By=BODIPY), were synthesized monodirectionally by the step-by-step approach and the molecular structure was corroborated by NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C-DEPTQ-135, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, 11B, 19F) and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The multiplicity and J-coupling constants of 1H, 11B, and 19F/11B NMR signals revealed, in the nPEC4-By series, that the phenyl in the meso position of BODIPY becomes electronically part of the conjugation of the phenyleneethynylene chain, whereas BODIPY is electronically isolated. The photophysical, electrochemical, and theoretical studies confirm this finding because the properties of nPEC4-By are comparable to those of the nPEC4-X oligomers and BODIPY, indicating negligible electron communication between BODIPY and the nPEC4 moieties. Nevertheless, energy transfer (ET) from nPEC4 to BODIPY was rationalized by spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Its yield decreases with the nPEC4 conjugation length, according to the increase in distance between the two chromophores, resulting in dual emission for the longest oligomer in which ET is quenched.
- Flores, J. Reyes,Castruita-De León, Griselda,Turlakov, Gleb,Arias, Eduardo,Moggio, Ivana,Montemayor, Sagrario M.,Torres, Román,Ledezma, Raquel,Ziolo, Ronald F.,González-Torres, Julio
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supporting information
p. 2493 - 2505
(2020/12/23)
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- Light-Promoted Nickel Catalysis: Etherification of Aryl Electrophiles with Alcohols Catalyzed by a NiII-Aryl Complex
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A highly effective C?O coupling reaction of (hetero)aryl electrophiles with primary and secondary alcohols is reported. Catalyzed by a NiII-aryl complex under long-wave UV (390–395 nm) irradiation in the presence of a soluble amine base without any additional photosensitizer, the reaction enables the etherification of aryl bromides and aryl chlorides as well as sulfonates with a wide range of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols, affording synthetically important ethers. Intramolecular C?O coupling is also possible. The reaction appears to proceed via a NiI–NiIII catalytic cycle.
- Cao, Rui,Lai, Chu-Hui,Li, Gang,Liu, Fengyi,Lu, Huan-Huan,Wang, Chao,Xiao, Jianliang,Xue, Dong,Yang, Liu,Zhang, Wei
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supporting information
p. 12714 - 12719
(2020/06/02)
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- 9,9′-bifluorenylidene derivatives as novel hole-transporting materials for potential photovoltaic applications
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Novel 9,9′-bifluorenylidene derivatives were designed to study the effect of alkyl chain length on selected physical properties. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by using NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, H–H COSY, H–C HMQC, H–C HMBC) and elemental analysis. They showed high thermal stability and undergo decomposition in the range of 388–400 °C. As was revealed by DSC investigations, they can be converted from crystalline to amorphous materials with relatively high glass transition temperature. The replacement of the alkyl chains from ethyl to butyl resulted in a significant negative impact on melting and glass transition temperatures. The synthesized derivatives undergo reversible electrochemical oxidation and reduction and showed a very low energy band gap (1.47 and 1.79 eV). They intensively absorb the light up 550 nm and also exhibited a week absorption band in the range of 550–750 nm. Their hole transporting ability was tested in perovskite solar cells. Additionally, the effect of the doping concentration of Li+ on photovoltaic device performance for these compounds was investigated. It should be stressed found that 9,9′-bifluorenylidene derivative substituted with ethyl units applied as hole transporting materials in perovskite solar cells demonstrated the highest device efficiency of 7.33% higher than of the spiro-OMeTAD utilized for preparation of the reference cell (4.40%).
- Kula, Slawomir,Paj?k, Agnieszka,Szlapa-Kula, Agata,Mieszczanin, Angelika,Gnida, Pawe?,Lipiński, Marek,Schab-Balcerzak, Ewa
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- The Cyclopropane Ring as a Reporter of Radical Leaving-Group Reactivity for Ni-Catalyzed C(sp3)-O Arylation
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The ability to understand and predict reactivity is essential for the development of new reactions. In the context of Ni-catalyzed C(sp3)-O functionalization, we have developed a unique strategy employing activated cyclopropanols to aid the design and optimization of a redox-active leaving group for C(sp3)-O arylation. In this chemistry, the cyclopropane ring acts as a reporter of leaving-group reactivity, since the ring-opened product is obtained under polar (2e) conditions, and the ring-closed product is obtained under radical (1e) conditions. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that the optimal leaving group is redox-active and are consistent with a Ni(I)/Ni(III) catalytic cycle. The optimized reaction conditions are also used to synthesize a number of arylcyclopropanes, which are valuable pharmaceutical motifs.
- Mills, L. Reginald,Monteith, John J.,Dos Passos Gomes, Gabriel,Aspuru-Guzik, Alán,Rousseaux, Sophie A. L.
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supporting information
p. 13246 - 13254
(2020/09/01)
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- Oxalic Diamides and tert-Butoxide: Two Types of Ligands Enabling Practical Access to Alkyl Aryl Ethers via Cu-Catalyzed Coupling Reaction
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A robust and practical protocol for preparing alkyl aryl ethers has been developed, which relies on using two types of ligands to promote Cu-catalyzed alkoxylation of (hetero)aryl halides. The reaction scope is very general for a variety of coupling partners, particularly for challenging secondary alcohols and (hetero)aryl chlorides. In case of coupling with aryl chlorides and bromides, two oxalic diamides serve as the powerful ligands. The tert-butoxide is first demonstrated as a ligand for Cu-catalyzed coupling reaction, leading to alkoxylation of aryl iodides complete at room temperature. Additionally, a number of carbohydrate derivatives are applicable for this coupling reaction, affording the corresponding carbohydrate-aryl ethers in 29-98% yields.
- Chen, Zhixiang,Jiang, Yongwen,Zhang, Li,Guo, Yinlong,Ma, Dawei
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supporting information
p. 3541 - 3549
(2019/02/26)
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- Alkyloxy modified pyrene fluorophores with tunable photophysical and crystalline properties
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Novel alkyloxy modified 2,7-di-tert-butyl-4,5,9,10-tetra(arylethynyl)pyrenes were prepared through a straightforward Sonogashira coupling approach. Optical properties such as quantum yields and absorption/emission spectra of the fluorophores were investigated by UV/Vis and fluorescence measurements. Aggregation induced excimer formation of the chromophores in polar solvents and in the solid state was proved by the presence of a characteristic bathochromically shifted emission band and a decrease of the emission capability. These results strongly indicate the unexpected observation that the excimer formation of adjacent pyrene rings is not prevented by the introduction of bulky tert-butyl substituents. Single-crystal X-ray and computational analyses reveal the co-planar alignment of adjacent molecules and the presence of π-π-stacking in the molecular packing of the pyrene polyaromatics. Furthermore, fluorescence, DSC and POM measurements indicate that the aggregation behaviour, the thermal characteristics and the crystalline properties are significantly influenced by changing structural features of the attached functional groups at the periphery of the pyrene core.
- Kapf, Andreas,Eslahi, Hassan,Blanke, Meik,Saccone, Marco,Giese, Michael,Albrecht, Marcel
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supporting information
p. 6361 - 6371
(2019/04/25)
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- CERAMIDE GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISEASE
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Described herein are compounds, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments containing such compounds, and methods of using such compounds to treat or prevent diseases or disorders associated with the enzyme ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT), such as, for example, lysosomal storage diseases. Examples of lysosomal storage diseases include, for example, Krabbe disease and Metachromatic Leukodystrophy.
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Paragraph 00285; 00288; 00626; 00627
(2018/07/29)
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- A pramoxine hydrochloride preparing method
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The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine synthesis, and particularly relates to a pramoxine hydrochloride preparing method. The method includes reacting p-bromophenol and 1-bromobutaneunder catalytic functions of an alkali to prepare an intermediate that is 1-bromo-4-tert-butoxybenzene; synthesizing pramoxine having a base group from the 1-bromo-4-tert-butoxybenzene and 3-morpholinopropanol with the existence of a strong alkali; and subjecting the pramoxine having the base group to salification to obtain the pramoxine hydrochloride. The yield of the pramoxine hydrochloride prepared by the method is higher than 80%, and liquid-phase purity of the prepared pramoxine hydrochloride is higher than 99.8%. The method is used for preparing the pramoxine hydrochloride, and is simple to operate and high in yield, raw materials are easily available, product purity is high, the cost is low, and pollution is low.
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Paragraph 0018; 0020
(2018/04/21)
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- A Strategy of “Self-Isolated Enhanced Emission” to Achieve Highly Emissive Dual-State Emission for Organic Luminescent Materials
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Currently, the commonly developed organic luminescent materials (OLMs) usually exhibit poor luminescent performance in aggregated solid states compared with their well-dissolved solution states, making it a tough goal to achieve the highly emissive dual-s
- Xu, Yanzi,Ren, Lin,Dang, Dongfeng,Zhi, Ying,Wang, Xiaochi,Meng, Lingjie
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supporting information
p. 10383 - 10389
(2018/07/31)
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- Benzene C-H Etherification via Photocatalytic Hydrogen-Evolution Cross-Coupling Reaction
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Aryl ethers can be constructed from the direct coupling between the benzene C-H bond and the alcohol O-H bond with the evolution of hydrogen via the synergistic merger of photocatalysis and cobalt catalysis. Utilizing the dual catalyst system consisting of 3-cyano-1-methylquinolinum photocatalyst and cobaloxime, intermolecular etherification of arenes with various alcohols and intramolecular alkoxylation of 3-phenylpropanols with formation of chromanes are accomplished. These reactions proceed at remarkably mild conditions, and the sole byproduct is equivalent hydrogen gas.
- Zheng, Yi-Wen,Ye, Pan,Chen, Bin,Meng, Qing-Yuan,Feng, Ke,Wang, Wenguang,Wu, Li-Zhu,Tung, Chen-Ho
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p. 2206 - 2209
(2017/05/12)
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- CERAMIDE GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISEASE
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Described herein are compounds, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments containing such compounds, and methods of using such compounds to treat or prevent diseases or disorders associated with the enzyme ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT), such as, for example, lysosomal storage diseases. Examples of lysosomal storage diseases include, for example, Krabbe disease and Metachromatic Leukodystrophy.
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Paragraph 000801; 000802; 000874; 000875
(2018/01/17)
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- Thermotropic MIDA Boronates as a Case Study for the Role of Dipolar Interactions in Liquid Crystalline Self-Assembly
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A series of MIDA (N-methylimino diacetic acid) boronates carrying 4-alkoxy, 3,4-bisalkoxy, or 3,4,5-trisalkoxyphenyl substituents were synthesized and their mesomorphic properties characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques such as small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS, respectively). Most derivatives were liquid crystalline. In the case of mono- and bisalkoxy-substituted derivatives, C6 chains already induced smectic A (SmA) mesophases despite the bulky MIDA head group. With increasing chain length, columnar hexagonal (Colh) phases replaced SmA phases in the disubstituted series. Quantum chemical calculations on a series of MIDA boronates show that the B?N bond is a dative bond with a positive charge on the boron atom and negative charges on the nitrogen and oxygen atoms. In addition, no π-interaction between the aryl moiety and B?N bond was found, thus the mesogenic unit is electronically decoupled from the MIDA head group. These theoretical findings were supported by IR and Raman spectra as well as by asingle crystal structure analysis of 4-ethoxyphenyl MIDA boronate. Calculations of the electrostatic potential of the MIDA boronate reveal a special polarity pattern that can support the formation of a two-dimensional network and is likely to explain the liquid crystalline self-assembly. The absence of any electronic cross-talk between the MIDA head group and B-aryl or B-alkyl substituents allows the efficient tailoring of the mesophase type through variation of the substituents.
- W?hrle, Tobias,Gündemir, Rafet,Frey, Wolfgang,Knecht, Friederike,K?hn, Andreas,Laschat, Sabine
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supporting information
p. 4149 - 4159
(2017/03/31)
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- Preparation of Robust Metal-Free Magnetic Nanoemulsions Encapsulating Low-Molecular-Weight Nitroxide Radicals and Hydrophobic Drugs Directed Toward MRI-Visible Targeted Delivery
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With a view to developing a theranostic nanomedicine for targeted drug delivery systems visible by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, robust metal-free magnetic nanoemulsions (mean particle size less than 20 nm) consisting of a biocompatible surfactant and
- Nagura, Kota,Takemoto, Yusa,Moronaga, Satori,Uchida, Yoshiaki,Shimono, Satoshi,Shiino, Akihiko,Tanigaki, Kenji,Amano, Tsukuru,Yoshino, Fumi,Noda, Yohei,Koizumi, Satoshi,Komatsu, Naoki,Kato, Tatsuhisa,Yamauchi, Jun,Tamura, Rui
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supporting information
p. 15713 - 15720
(2017/10/20)
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- N-Heterocyclic carbene-mediated redox condensation of alcohols
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N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) with a variety of oxidants promote the Mitsunobu-type coupling reactions of alcohols with phenols, carboxylic acids, and phthalimide. Experiments using a chiral alcohol indicate that these reactions proceed via SN1 or SN2 pathways depending on the polarity of the used solvents. The NHCs are consumed as reducing reagents to form their oxides as readily separable byproducts.
- Kato, Terumasa,Matsuoka, Shin-Ichi,Suzuki, Masato
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supporting information
p. 8569 - 8572
(2016/07/13)
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- MCM-41-immobilized 1,10-phenanthroline-copper(i) complex: A highly efficient and recyclable catalyst for the coupling of aryl iodides with aliphatic alcohols
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A heterogeneous C-O coupling reaction between aryl iodides and aliphatic alcohols was achieved in neat alcohol or toluene at 110 °C in the presence of 10 mol% of the MCM-41-immobilized 1,10-phenanthroline-copper(i) complex [MCM-41-1,10-phen-CuI] with Cs2CO3 as a base, yielding a variety of aryl alkyl ethers in good to excellent yields. The new heterogeneous copper catalyst can easily be prepared by a simple procedure from commercially available and inexpensive reagents, and recovered by filtration of the reaction solution and recycled at least 8 times without significant loss of activity.
- Lin, Yang,Cai, Mingzhong,Fang, Zhiqiang,Zhao, Hong
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p. 85186 - 85193
(2016/10/12)
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- Synthesis and Characterization of a New Series of Paramagnetic Ferroelectric Liquid Crystalline Nitroxide Radicals
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A new series of all-organic liquid-crystalline (LC) chiral radical compounds,trans-1-alkoxyphenyl-4-[(4-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-2,5-dimethylpyrrolidine-1-oxy-2-yl)-benzylideneamino]benzenes (1) with various alkyl chains, containing a chiral nitroxide unit in the mesogen core were synthesized and their LC properties were fully characterized. The enantiomerically enriched compounds (2S,5S)-1 showed N, TGBA, SmA and SmC phases, while the racemates (±)-1 exhibited N, SmA and SmC phases. The phase transition behavior and the ferroelectric properties of the SmC phase of (2S,5S)-1 differed from those of previously reported analogues with an ester group as a substitute for the imino group of (2S,5S)-1. Some of the (2S,5S)-1 series showed a temperature-dependent spontaneous polarization PS (θ) inversion. We discuss the origin of this difference in terms of their molecular structures optimized by molecular orbital calculations. The phase transition behavior supports the hypothesis that the large φ, which is defined as the angle between the molecular long axis (one of the principal axes of inertia) and the direction of the dipole moment in each molecule, results in the stabilization of the SmA (SmA) phase.
- Uchida, Yoshiaki,Tamura, Rui,Suzuki, Katsuaki,Takahashi, Hiroki,Aoki, Yoshio,Nohira, Hiroyuki
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- Aerobic oxidative bromination of arenes using an ionic liquid as both the catalyst and the solvent
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A method for the bromination of alkoxy-substituted benzenes and naphthalenes was developed by using the residual oxygen in the reaction tube as the oxidant, and [Bmim]NO3 (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate) ionic liquid as both the catalyst and the solvent. No other reagent apart from the ionic liquid and molecular bromine was used in the reactions, and basically all the bromine atoms in the bromine source were transferred to the bromination products, showing that the presented protocol is highly atom economic and practical.
- Ren, Yun-Lai,Wang, Binyu,Tian, Xin-Zhe,Zhao, Shuang,Wang, Jianji
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supporting information
p. 6452 - 6455
(2015/11/16)
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- Iridium-catalyzed oxidative olefination of furans with unactivated alkenes
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The oxidative coupling of arenes and alkenes is an attractive strategy for the synthesis of vinylarenes, but reactions with unactivated alkenes have typically occurred in low yield. We report an Ir-catalyzed oxidative coupling of furans with unactivated olefins to generate branched vinylfuran products in high yields and with high selectivities with a second alkene as the hydrogen acceptor. Detailed mechanistic experiments revealed catalyst decomposition pathways that were alleviated by the judicious selection of reaction conditions and application of new ligands.
- Sevov, Christo S.,Hartwig, John F.
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supporting information
p. 10625 - 10631
(2014/08/18)
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- Manipulating ordered structure of ionic liquid crystalline polymers through tuning the alkyl spacer length
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The fabrication of ordered structure is very important for the applications of ionic liquid crystalline polymers (ILCPs) or polymerized (ionic liquid crystal) (PILC). In this paper, we reported a facile approach to manipulate the ordered structure of ILCP
- Yan, Jiao-Jiao,Xie, He-Lou,Weng, Liang,Yang, Shuang,Zhang, Hai-Liang
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p. 6504 - 6512
(2015/02/19)
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- Alkoxylation reactions of aryl halides catalyzed by magnetic copper ferrite
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Copper ferrite (CuFe2O4), which is easy-made, air-stable, low cost, easy separable, and regenerable, was applied as catalyst in an efficient method for C-O coupling reactions between various kinds of unactivated alkyl alcohols and aryl halides. This method only adopts 2.5% mol CuFe2O4 catalyst and selectively proceeds to C-O bond formation even sensitive substituents exist in the system.
- Yang, Shuliang,Xie, Wenbing,Zhou, Hua,Wu, Cunqi,Yang, Yanqin,Niu, Jiajia,Yang, Wei,Xu, Jingwei
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supporting information
p. 3415 - 3418
(2013/04/23)
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- LIQUID CRYSTALLINE COMPOUND WITH NEGATIVE DIELECTRIC ANISOTROPY, LIQUID CRYSTAL COMPOSITION USING SAME, AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY ELEMENT
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The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having general physical properties necessary for the liquid crystal compound, namely, stability to heat, light and so forth, a small viscosity, a refractive index anisotropy having a suitable magnitude value, a dielectric anisotropy having a suitable magnitude value, steep electrooptical characteristics, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, in particular, a liquid crystal compound having a wide temperature range of the nematic phase; a compound represented by formula (i): wherein, for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 8 carbons; ring A1 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; ring A2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene; Q1 and Q2 are fluorine or chlorine; and h is 0, 1 or 2.
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Page/Page column 45-46
(2012/08/14)
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- Metallomesogens based on platinum(ii) complexes: Synthesis, luminescence and polarized emission
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Two series of heteroleptic cyclometalated platinum(ii) complexes [(C nOppy)Pt(acac) and (CnOFppy)Pt(acac)] have been prepared. Their liquid-crystal and optophysical properties were studied, in which C nOppy is 2-(4-alkoxyp
- Wang, Yafei,Liu, Yu,Luo, Jian,Qi, Hongrui,Li, Xiaoshuang,Nin, Meijun,Liu, Ming,Shi, Danyan,Zhu, Weiguo,Cao, Yong
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5046 - 5051
(2011/06/28)
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- Synthesis of 1,4-bis[2,2-bis(4-alkoxyphenyl)vinyl]benzenes and side chain modulation of their solid-state emission
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Figure Presented. A series of 1,4-bis[2,2-bis(4-alkoxyphenyl)vinyl]benzene molecules with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) activity were synthesized. The conformations and packing arrangements of these molecules in the solid state can be adjusted by changing the side chains, which subsequently modulates their solid-state emission. The fluorescence quantum yield of 1e with the n-C 6H13 side chain in the solid state could reach up to 60.3% in the solid state.
- An, Peng,Shi, Zi-Fa,Dou, Wei,Cao, Xiao-Ping,Zhang, Hao-Li
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4364 - 4367
(2010/11/17)
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- Aryl-aryl dendrimers
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Light emitting devices are incorporate, as the light emitting element, a dendrimer of which the constituent dendrons include a conjugated dendritic structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups connected to each other via bonds between sp2 hybridized ring atoms of said aryl or heteroaryl groups.
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- Phosphine oxides as stabilizing ligands for the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of potassium aryldimethylsilanolates
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The palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of potassium (4-methoxyphenyl)dimethylsilanolate (K+1-) with aryl bromides has been demonstrated using triphenylphosphine oxide as a stabilizing ligand. Unsymmetrical biaryls can be prepared from a variety of aryl bromides in good yield with short reaction times. Qualitative kinetic studies compared effects of different phosphine oxides on the rate of cross-coupling and established the beneficial effect of these ligands in the reaction of electron-rich arylsilanolates. The improved yield and reproducibility of the cross-coupling of several bromides was demonstrated by direct comparison of reactions performed with and without triphenylphosphine oxide under non-rigorous exclusion of oxygen.
- Denmark, Scott E.,Smith, Russell C.,Tymonko, Steven A.
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p. 5730 - 5738
(2008/02/07)
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- Fluorescence enhancements of benzene-cored luminophors by restricted intramolecular rotations: AIE and AIEE effects
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Photoluminescence of simple arylbenzenes with ready synthetic accessibility is enhanced by two orders of magnitude through aggregate formation; viscosity and temperature effects indicate that the emission enhancement is due to the restriction of their intramolecular rotations in the solid state. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Zeng, Qi,Li, Zhen,Dong, Yongqiang,Di, Chong'an,Qin, Anjun,Hong, Yuning,Ji, Li,Zhu, Zhichao,Jim, Cathy K. W.,Yu, Gui,Li, Qianqian,Li, Zhongan,Liu, Yunqi,Qin, Jingui,Tang, Ben Zhong
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- Copper-catalyzed etherification of aryl iodides using KF/Al 2O3: An improved protocol
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A simple and efficient method for the coupling of aryl iodides with aliphatic alcohols and phenols that does not require the use of alkoxide bases is described. This C-O bond forming procedure shows that the combination of air stable CuI and 1,10-phenanthroline in the presence of KF/Al2O 3 comprises an extremely efficient and general catalyst system for the etherification of aryl iodides. Different functionalized aryl iodides were coupled with alcohols and phenols using this method.
- Hosseinzadeh, Rahman,Tajbakhsh, Mahmood,Mohadjerani, Maryam,Alikarami, Mohammad
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p. 1101 - 1104
(2007/10/03)
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- High birefringence nematic liquid crystals for display and telecom applications
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Several compounds with high birefringence and, having tolane structure were synthesized. For a high polarizability, isothiocyanato (NCS) terminal group was introduced. Another goal of this study was reduction of melting point and smectic phases by introduction of fluorine as lateral substituent. The transition temperatures for all the synthesized compounds and the refractive and dielectric indices for one of the compounds have been determined. Electro-optic (EO) measurements were also performed.
- Catanescu, Carmen Otilia,Chien,Wu, Shin-Tson
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p. 93/[1135]-102/[1144]
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel sulfonyldiazomethanes, photoacid generations, resist compositions, and patterning process
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A chemical amplification type resist composition contains as a photoacid generator a sulfonyldiazomethane compound of formula (1) wherein R is H or C1-4 alkyl or alkoxy, G is SO2 or CO, R3 is C1-10 alkyl or Csu
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- Discotic liquid crystals of transition metal complexes, 31: Establishment of mesomorphism and thermochromism of bis[1,2-bis(4-n-alkoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-dithiolene]nickel complexes
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Two series of bis[1,2-bis(4-n-alkylphenyl)ethane-1,2-dithiolene]nickel, Cn-Ni (n= 1-12), and bis[1,2-bis(4-n-alkoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-dithiolene]nickel, CnO-Ni(n = 1-12, 14, 16, 18), have been synthesized. Their mesomorphism, thermochromism, supramolecular structures and π-acceptor property have been investigated by using different scanning calorimetry, polarizing microscopy, temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction technique, electronic spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. From the X-ray diffraction and electronic spectral results, it was established that the CnO-Ni complexes for n ≤ 10 exhibit two differently colored discotic lamellar (DL) mesophases whereas none of the Cn-Ni complexes has a mesophase, and that the thermochromism (brown→green) is attributable to a slow transformation from the Ni-Ni bonded dimers to the Ni-S bonded dimers.
- Horie,Takagi,Hasebe,Ozawa,Ohta
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p. 1063 - 1071
(2007/10/03)
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- Nuclear monobromination of alkyl phenyl ethers with NaClO2, NaBr, Mn(acac)3, and moist silica gel in aprotic solvent
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Nuclear monobromination of aromatic ethers can be achieved with a NaClO2/NaBr/Mn(acac)3 catalyst/silica gel system in dichloromethane in regioselective and high-yielding manner under mild conditions.
- Hirano, Masao,Monobe, Hiroyuki,Yakabe, Shigetaka,Morimoto, Takashi
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p. 1463 - 1470
(2007/10/03)
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- Kaolin-assisted Aromatic Chlorination and Bromination
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Moist kaolin catalyses the regioselective and high-yielding chlorination and bromination of C6H5OR (R = C1-C8 alkyl. Bu1, allyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl) to 4-XC6H4OR (X = Cl and Br, respectively) with NaCl02 and Mn(acac)3 in CH2Cl2 in the absence and presence of NaBr, respectively, under mild and neutral conditions.
- Hirano, Masao,Monobe, Hiroyuki,Yakabe, Shigetaka,Morimoto, Takashi
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p. 662 - 663
(2007/10/03)
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- Regioselective aromatic monobromination of alkyl phenyl ethers with NaClO2, NaBr, Mn(acac)3, and Montmorillonite K10 in dichloromethane
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Regioselective and high-yielding nuclear monobromination of aromatic ethers can be accomplished with a combination of NaClO2, NaBr, and Mn(acac)3 catalyst in dilchloromethane under mild and neutral conditions with the aid of Montmorillonite K10.
- Hirano, Masao,Yakabe, Shigetaka,Monobe, Hiroyuki,Morimoto, Takashi
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p. 669 - 676
(2007/10/03)
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- New synthetic method of aromatic ethers under microwave irradiation in dry media
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Under microwave irradiation a number of phenols react remarkably fast with a number of primary alkyl halides to give aromatic ethers.
- Bogdal, Dariusz,Pielichowski, Jan,Boron, Adam
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p. 3029 - 3039
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and Liquid Crystal Behaviour of Further 4,4"-Disubstituted 2'-Fluoro-1,1':4',1"-Terphenyls
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Further to earlier work on the liquid crystal properties of fluoro-1,1':4',1"-terphenyls we have now extended this series to include terminally fluoro- and cyano-substituted 2'-fluoro-1,1':4',1"-terphenyls, chiral 2'-fluoro-1,1':4',1"-terphenyls, and esters derived from 2'-fluoro-1,1':4',1"-terphenyls and incorporating the alkylcyclobutyl group.The preparations and transition temperatures for these series of compounds are presented and their transition temperatures and mesophase types are discussed.An interesting result from this work was the appearence of an S*C phase for one chiral homologue and of SC phases for the esters incorporating the alkylcyclobutyl group.The SC formation is attributed to the presence of the fluoro-substituent.Keywords: terphenyls, fluoroterphenyls, smectic C phases, cyclobutyl esters.
- Chan, L. K. M.,Gray, G. W.,Lacey, D.,Toyne, K. J.
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p. 209 - 240
(2007/10/02)
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