- Multi-functional Co3O4 embedded carbon nanotube architecture for oxygen evolution reaction and benzoin oxidation
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Multifunctional hybrid nanostructures continue to attract great attention since they offer multiple applications from specific architectures. This paper proposes a simple solid-state protocol to fabricate nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (CNT) and cobalt oxide embedded with CNT (Co3O4-CNT) for oxygen evolution reaction and benzoin oxidation. The proximity between cobalt and CNT sites amplifies oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and conductivity. Embedded Co3O4-CNT form an integrated architecture, providing efficient and rapid electron/ion transfer rate. Fabricated Co3O4-CNT electrocatalyst exhibited OER activity of 317 mV, which was better than that of pristine Co3O4 electrocatalyst (340 mV) at 10 mA cm?2 current density. Impressively, Co3O4-CNT delivers stable response at low and high currents as well as excellent durability over 25 h. Experimental and analytical results verified that maximal electrocatalytic OER activity can be realized by combining a conductive CNT network and catalytically active sites could be further enhanced by nitrogen doping. Additionally, the Co3O4 embedded with CNT upon exploration as a milder, inexpensive, and eco-friendlier catalyst for air oxidation of 2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(3-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one (benzoin), produces 3,3′-dimethoxybenzil in high yield (96%). The Co3O4-CNT was further evaluated the catalytic activities after repetitive recycling processes and demonstrated the high yields without the significant loss in the catalytic activity.
- Bathula, Chinna,Hwang, Jung-Hoon,Kadam, Abhijit,Kim, Hyun-Seok,Lee, Sang-Hoon,Sekar, Sankar,Talha Aqueel Ahmed, Abu
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- UROLITHIN A AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF FOR USE IN THERAPY
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In some embodiments of the invention, inventive compounds (e.g., Formula (I), (IA), (II), and (III), and urolithin derivatives) are disclosed. Other embodiments include compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) comprising the inventive compound. Still other embodiments of the invention include compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) for treating, for example, certain diseases using the inventive compounds. Some embodiments include methods of using the inventive compound (e.g., in compositions or in pharmaceutical compositions) for administering and treating (e.g., diseases). Further embodiments include methods for making the inventive compounds. Additional embodiments of the invention are also discussed herein.
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Paragraph 00387-00394
(2019/12/04)
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- Ring Closing Metathesis Approach for the Synthesis of o-Terphenyl Derivatives
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A linear synthesis of o-terphenyl derivatives has been delineated using ring closing metathesis (RCM) as the key step. In this approach, benzil derivatives upon allyl Grignard addition provides diphenyl-1,2-diallyl dihydroxy derivatives which undergo ring closing metathesis to afford tetrahydro terphenyl derivatives. Aromatization-driven dehydration then leads to a diverse set of electron rich and electron deficient o-terphenyls. Furthermore, oxidative coupling of electron rich o-terphenyls provides the corresponding triphenylene derivatives.
- Karmakar, Shilpi,Mandal, Tirtha,Dash, Jyotirmayee
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p. 5916 - 5924
(2019/08/21)
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- Synthetic method for 1,2-diketone
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The invention relates to the field of novel materials of fine chemicals, and especially relates to a novel technology for preparing 1,2-diketone compounds by using acyl halides which are simple and easy to obtain and by performing direct condensation coupling under promotion of a metal. Corresponding chemical reaction equations are shown in the description.
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Paragraph 0017
(2018/04/01)
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- Magnetic magnetite nanoparticals catalyzed selective oxidation of Α-hydroxy ketones with air and one-pot synthesis of benzilic acid and phenytoin derivatives
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A clean and efficient protocol for selective oxidation of α-hydroxy ketones using magnetic magnetite nanoparticals (Fe3O4·MNPs) as catalyst with air as green oxidant has been developed. Application of Fe3O4·MNPs was also proved to be successful in one-pot synthesis of benzilic acid and phenytoin derivatives. The facile one-pot procedure enhanced the production efficiency, shortened the reaction time and minimized the chemical waste. Notably, the catalyst can be reused at least for five times without any appreciable loss of its activity.
- Li, Xiaona,Xia, Dandan,Wen, Zhiyong,Gong, Bowen,Sun, Maolin,Wu, Yue,Zhang, Jie,Sun, Jun,Wu, Yang,Bao, Kai,Zhang, Weige
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- Synthesis of ferrocene derivatives with planar chirality via palladium-catalyzed enantioselective C-H bond activation
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The first catalytic and enantioselective C-H direct acylation of ferrocene derivatives has been developed. A series of 2-acyl-1-dimethylaminomethylferrocenes with planar chirality were provided under highly efficient and concise one-pot conditions with up to 85% yield and 98% ee. The products obtained could be easily converted to various chiral ligands via diverse transformations.
- Pi, Chao,Cui, Xiuling,Liu, Xiuyan,Guo, Mengxing,Zhang, Hanyu,Wu, Yangjie
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p. 5164 - 5167
(2014/12/11)
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- HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS FOR THE INHIBITION OF PASK
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Disclosed herein are new heterocyclic compounds of Formula IIa: and compositions thereof, and their application as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of disease. Methods of inhibiting PAS Kinase (PASK) activity in a human or animal subject are also provided for the treatment of diseases such as diabetes mellitus.
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- Assisted tandem catalytic cross metathesis-oxidation: In one flask from styrenes to 1,2-diketones and further to quinoxalines
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1,2-Diketones were synthesized from styrenes by combining a cross metathesis and a Ru-catalyzed alkene oxidation to an assisted tandem catalytic sequence. The synthesis relies on the use of just one metathesis precatalyst, which was in situ converted to the oxidation catalyst by addition of an alkyl hydroperoxide as a chemical trigger and oxidant. The one-flask sequence can be extended beyond 1,2-diketones to quinoxalines, by condensation of the oxidation products with ortho-phenylenediamine.
- Schmidt, Bernd,Krehl, Stefan,Hauke, Sylvia
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p. 5427 - 5435
(2013/07/25)
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- Synthesis of highly functionalized 9,10-phenanthrenequinones by oxidative coupling using MoCl5
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The strong oxidative power of molybdenum pentachloride gives rise to an efficient oxidative C-C bond formation of benzil derivatives to the corresponding 9,10-phenanthrenequinones. A highly complementary method to previous approaches was developed. The required derivatives are accessible in a modular fashion and in excellent yields. By this approach the orchid-derived natural product cypripediquinone A was synthesized for the first time.
- Trosien, Simon,Waldvogel, Siegfried R.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2976 - 2979
(2012/07/27)
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- Metal-free oxidation of α-hydroxy ketones to 1,2-diketones catalyzed by mesoporous carbon nitride with visible light
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As a photocatalyst, mesoporous carbon nitride (mpg-C3N 4) shows higher photocatalytic activities in organic synthesis. Herein we report an mpg-C3N4-catalyzed oxidation of α-hydroxy ketones to synthesize 1,2-diketones using visible light. This transformation represents a green and highly efficient synthetic route to synthesize 1,2-diketones for which catalytic approaches are scarce.
- Zheng, Zhishuo,Zhou, Xiaosong
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p. 1683 - 1686,4
(2020/08/31)
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- An efficient palladium-catalyzed synthesis of benzils from aryl bromides: Vinylene carbonate as a synthetic equivalent of glyoxal
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An expedient synthetic procedure of benzil derivatives from aryl bromides was developed using vinylene carbonate as a glyoxal equivalent in a palladium-catalyzed reaction. The reaction involved a sequential diarylation of vinylene carbonate to form 4,5-diaryl-1,3-dioxol-2-one, ring-opening to benzoin derivative, and an oxidation process.
- Kim, Ko Hoon,Park, Bo Ram,Lim, Jin Woo,Kim, Jae Nyoung
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experimental part
p. 3463 - 3466
(2011/06/27)
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- Chiral Zn-catalyzed aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution of α-hydroxy ketones
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The aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution of racemic α-hydroxy ketones was accomplished using a chiral Zn-quinine complex as the catalyst in the presence of molecular oxygen. The resulting optimized reaction conditions were applied to resolute different types of racemic α-hydroxy ketones and a maximum of 9.2 selectivity (s) was obtained with 88% ee for the recovered α-hydroxy ketone.
- Muthupandi, Pandi,Sekar, Govindasamy
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experimental part
p. 512 - 517
(2011/06/17)
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- Zinc-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of benzoins and its extension to enantioselective oxidation
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Zn(II)-DABCO complex is used as an efficient catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of benzoins to benzils in the presence of molecular oxygen. Usage of chiral zinc complex as catalyst resulted in enantioselective oxidative kinetic resolution of racemic benzoin to yield enantiomerically enriched benzoins.
- Muthupandi, Pandi,Sekar, Govindasamy
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 692 - 695
(2011/03/21)
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- Oxidation of benzoins to benzils using sodium hydride
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A highly efficient and eco-friendly oxidation of benzoins 1 to benzils 2 using sodium hydride has been developed.
- Joo, Cheonik,Kang, Sunhae,Kim, Sun Min,Han, Hogyu,Yang, Jung Woon
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experimental part
p. 6006 - 6007
(2010/11/21)
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- Chiral cobalt-catalyzed enantiomer-differentiating oxidation of racemic benzoins by using molecular oxygen as stoichiometric oxidant
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A study was conducted to demonstrate chiral cobalt-catalyzed enantiomer-differentiating oxidation of racemic benzoins using molecular oxygen as stoichiometric oxidant. The cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric oxidation was performed with racemic benzoins due to th
- Alamsetti, Santosh Kumar,Muthupandi, Pandi,Sekar, Govindasamy
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5424 - 5427
(2009/12/27)
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- Galactose oxidase model: Biomimetic enantiomer-differentiating oxidation of alcohols by a chiral copper complex
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An enantiopure analogue of galactose oxidase (GO) was synthesized from an easily and readily available source with a similar activity of GO's in primary alcohol oxidation and enantioselective catalysts for aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution (AORK) of racemic secondary alcohols. Enantiopure (R)-binam was treated with Cu(OTf)2 in toluene at room temperature for one hour to give a (R)-binam-Cu complex. It is found that enantiopure benzoin is an important intermediate in the synthesis of a potent anticancer agent and can been synthesized by enzymatic hydrolysis with benzaldehyde lyase (BAL). The S enantiomer of the racemate is oxidized faster to the corresponding benzil and the slow-reacting R enentiomer of benzoin is recovered in an enantiomerically enriched form. It is also observed that ortho substitution reduces the rate of reaction, while a reduced enentioselectivity is observed in case of ortho-substituted benzoin.
- Alamsetti, Santosh Kumar,Mannam, Sreedevi,Mutupandi, Pandi,Sekar, Govindasamy
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1086 - 1090
(2009/10/23)
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- Kinetics and mechanism of benzoin oxidation using iron(III) in the presence of ferrozine or 2,2′-bipyridine in acidic medium
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Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of benzoin (H2B) by ferrozine (Fz) or 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) have been carried out in aqueous HNO3 medium. The rate shows first-order dependence on [H 2B] and [Fe3+| and inverse second-order dependence on (H+). The rate of reaction increased with increase in the ligand concentration. The increase in dielectric constant will increase the rate, while increase in [HNO3] decreased it. Substituent and temperature effects on the rates have been investigated. The rate laws derived are in excellent agreement with the experimental results. Plausible mechanisms are suggested.
- Al-Sou'od, Khaldoun A.,Ali, Basem F.,Abu-El-Halawa, Rajab,Abu-Nawas, Abd-Al-Hakeem H.
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p. 444 - 449
(2007/10/03)
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- Solvent-free oxidation of benzoins using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O as the oxidant
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Benzoins are oxidised to benzils using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O as the oxidant under solvent-free condition by heating in an oven or microwave irradiation.
- Zhao,Wang
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- Photogeneration of amines from α-keto carbamates: Design and preparation of photoactive compounds
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The design and synthesis of substituted desyl (2-oxo-1,2-diphenylethyl) groups has been investigated to create new photolabile protecting groups. The photoreactivity of these chromophores stems from the diverse photochemistry of the desyl group. Several chromophore designs have been explored in which the substitution pattern of the parent desyl chromophore was varied systematically. The required benzoin chromophores are prepared by a variety of synthetic routes, depending on the structure of the benzoin chromophore desired. Symmetrical benzoins are readily available via the benzoin condensation. Unsymmetrical benzoins including 2,2-disubstituted α-hydroxy ketones are generally prepared via trimethylsilyl (TMS) masked cyanohydrins. On reaction with a Grignard reagent, the TMS masked cyanohydrin functions as an α-hydroxycarbonyl equivalent to form α-hydroxy ketones. Alternatively, lithiation of a TMS masked cyanohydrin generates a benzoyl anion equivalent which reacts with aldehydes and ketones to generate substituted benzoins. These desyl chromophores have significant potential as new photolabile protecting moieties for a variety of functional groups and are used to mask primary and secondary amines as photosensitive α-keto carbamates. The substituted benzoin carbamates are readily prepared from the appropriate benzoin by reaction with isocyanates or by activation as a mixed carbonate followed by reaction with the free amine. These α-keto carbamates are interesting for two main reasons. First, the facile synthesis of these materials indicates the ease of introduction of the desyl based photolabile group. Second, these α-keto carbamates may be used for rapid evaluation of novel photoactive desyl based chromophores.
- Cameron, James F.,Willson, C. Grant,Frechet, Jean M. J.
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p. 2429 - 2442
(2007/10/03)
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- Convenient Routes to Symmetrical Benzils and Chiral 1,2-Diaryl-1,2-diaminoethanes, Useful Controllers and Probes for Enantioselective Synthesis
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Pathways for the diastereoselective preparation of chiral 1,2-diaryl-1,2-diaminoethanes from ArCOOH, ArCHO or ArBr are described.
- Corey, E. J.,Lee, Duck-Hyung,Sarshar, Sepehr
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