- Photoassisted Cross-Coupling Reaction of α-Chlorocarbonyl Compounds with Arylboronic Acids
-
A Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of α-chloroacetates or α-chloroacetamides with arylboronic acids is made possible by visible-light irradiation. This reaction provides a useful method for the synthesis of α-arylacetates and α-arylacetamides from chlorides under mild reaction conditions. An indole-3-acetic acid derivative that is the key intermediate of the plant hormone auxin can be synthesized from 1-Boc-indole in two steps by combining an iridium-catalyzed C-H borylation and a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction.
- Miura, Tomoya,Murakami, Masahiro,Oku, Naoki
-
supporting information
p. 1616 - 1619
(2022/03/14)
-
- Photoinduced Diverse Reactivity of Diazo Compounds with Nitrosoarenes
-
A diverse reactivity of diazo compounds with nitrosoarene in an oxygen-transfer process and a formal [2 + 2] cycloaddition is reported. Nitosoarene has been exploited as a mild oxygen source to oxidize an in situ generated carbene intermediate under visible-light irradiation. UV-light-mediated in situ generated ketenes react with nitosoarenes to deliver oxazetidine derivatives. These operationally simple processes exemplify a transition-metal-free and catalyst-free protocol to give structurally diverse α-ketoesters or oxazetidines.
- Roy, Sourav,Kumar, Gourav,Chatterjee, Indranil
-
supporting information
p. 6709 - 6713
(2021/09/08)
-
- Coupling of Reformatsky Reagents with Aryl Chlorides Enabled by Ylide-Functionalized Phosphine Ligands
-
The coupling of aryl chlorides with Reformatsky reagents is a desirable strategy for the construction of α-aryl esters but has so far been substantially limited in the substrate scope due to many challenges posed by various possible side reactions. This limitation has now been overcome by the tailoring of ylide-functionalized phosphines to fit the requirements of Negishi couplings. Record-setting activities were achieved in palladium-catalyzed arylations of organozinc reagents with aryl electrophiles using a cyclohexyl-YPhos ligand bearing an ortho-tolyl-substituent in the backbone. This highly electron-rich, bulky ligand enables the use of aryl chlorides in room temperature couplings of Reformatsky reagents. The reaction scope covers diversely functionalized arylacetic and arylpropionic acid derivatives. Aryl bromides and chlorides can be converted selectively over triflate electrophiles, which permits consecutive coupling strategies.
- Hu, Zhiyong,Wei, Xiao-Jing,Handelmann, Jens,Seitz, Ann-Katrin,Rodstein, Ilja,Gessner, Viktoria H.,Goo?en, Lukas J.
-
supporting information
p. 6778 - 6783
(2021/02/01)
-
- Enantioselective Desymmetrization of 2-Aryl-1,3-propanediols by Direct O-Alkylation with a Rationally Designed Chiral Hemiboronic Acid Catalyst That Mitigates Substrate Conformational Poisoning
-
Enantioselective desymmetrization by direct monofunctionalization of prochiral diols is a powerful strategy to prepare valuable synthetic intermediates in high optical purity. Boron acids can activate diols toward nucleophilic additions; however, the design of stable chiral catalysts remains a challenge and highlights the need to identify new chemotypes for this purpose. Herein, the discovery and optimization of a bench-stable chiral 9-hydroxy-9,10-boroxarophenanthrene catalyst is described and applied in the highly enantioselective desymmetrization of 2-aryl-1,3-diols using benzylic electrophiles under operationally simple, ambient conditions. Nucleophilic activation and discrimination of the enantiotopic hydroxy groups on the diol substrate occurs via a defined chairlike six-membered anionic complex with the hemiboronic heterocycle. The optimal binaphthyl-based catalyst 1g features a large aryloxytrityl group to effectively shield one of the two prochiral hydroxy groups on the diol complex, whereas a strategically placed "methyl blocker"on the boroxarophenanthrene unit mitigates the deleterious effect of a competing conformation of the complexed diol that compromised the overall efficiency of the desymmetrization process. This methodology affords monoalkylated products in enantiomeric ratios equal or over 95:5 for a wide range of 1,3-propanediols with various 2-aryl/heteroaryl groups.
- Estrada, Carl D.,Ang, Hwee Ting,Vetter, Kim-Marie,Ponich, Ashley A.,Hall, Dennis G.
-
supporting information
(2021/04/07)
-
- Expedient discovery for novel antifungal leads: 1,3,4-Oxadiazole derivatives bearing a quinazolin-4(3H)-one fragment
-
Developing novel fungicide candidates are intensively promoted by the rapid emergences of resistant fungi that outbreak on agricultural production. Aiming to discovery novel antifungal leads, a series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives bearing a quinazolin-4(3H)-one fragment were constructed for evaluating their inhibition effects against phytopathogenic fungi in vitro and in vivo. Systematically structural optimizations generated the bioactive molecule I32 that was identified as a promising inhibitor against Rhizoctonia solani with the in vivo preventative effect of 58.63% at 200 μg/mL. The observations that were captured by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the bioactive molecule I32 could induce the sprawling growth of hyphae, the local shrinkage and rupture on hyphal surfaces, the extreme swelling of vacuoles, the striking distortions on cell walls, and the reduction of mitochondria numbers. The above results provided an indispensable complement for the discovery of antifungal lead bearing a quinazolin-4(3H)-one and 1,3,4-oxadiazole fragment.
- Chai, Jianqi,Chen, Min,Jin, Fei,Kong, Xiangyi,Wang, Xiaobin,Xue, Wei,Yang, Chunlong
-
-
- N-Heterocyclic Carbenes as Key Intermediates in the Synthesis of Fused, Mesoionic, Tricyclic Heterocycles
-
Coupling between 5-bromoimidazo[1,5-a]pyridinium salts and malonate or arylacetate esters leads to a facile and straightforward access to the new mesoionic, fused, tricyclic system of imidazo[2,1,5-cd]indolizinium-3-olate. Mechanistic studies show that the reaction pathway consists of nucleophilic aromatic substitution on the cationic, bicyclic heterocycle by an enolate-type moiety and in the nucleophilic attack of a transient free N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) species on the ester group; the relative order of these two steps depends on the nature of the starting ester. This work highlights the valuable implementation of free NHC species as key intermediates in synthetic chemistry, beyond their classical use as stabilizing ligands or organocatalysts.
- Benaissa, Idir,Pallova, Lenka,Morantin, Marie-Emilie,Lafitte, Thomas,Huynh, Mathieu,Barthes, Cécile,Vendier, Laure,Lugan, No?l,Bastin, Stéphanie,César, Vincent
-
supporting information
p. 13030 - 13036
(2019/11/05)
-
- Aromatic Claisen Rearrangements of Benzyl Ketene Acetals: Conversion of Benzylic Alcohols to (ortho-Tolyl)acetates
-
Claisen rearrangements of benzyl vinyl ethers are much less facile than those of aliphatic allyl vinyl ethers, and their synthetic utility has remained relatively unexplored. A one-pot procedure is reported for the generation and Claisen rearrangement of benzyl vinyl ethers that contain an activating α-alkoxy substituent on the vinyl group. A [3,3]-sigmatropic mechanism was supported by trapping of the intermediate isotoluene in an intramolecular Alder–ene reaction.
- Burns, Jed M.,Krenske, Elizabeth H.,McGeary, Ross P.
-
supporting information
p. 252 - 256
(2017/01/24)
-
- Mechanistic studies on gold-catalyzed direct arene c-h bond functionalization by carbene insertion: The coinage-metal effect
-
The catalytic functionalization of the Csp2-H bond of benzene by means of the insertion of the CHCO2Et group from ethyl diazoacetate (N2= CHCO2Et) has been studied with the series of coinage-metal complexes IPrMCl (IPr = 1,3-bis- (diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) and NaBArF 4 (BArF 4 = tetrakis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)borate). For Cu and Ag, these examples constitute the first use of such metals toward this transformation, which also provides ethyl cyclohepta-2,4,6-trienecarboxylate as a byproduct from the so-called Buchner reaction. In the case of methyl-substituted benzenes, the reaction exclusively proceeds onto the aromatic ring, the Csp3-H bond remaining unreacted. A significant coinage-metal effect has been observed, since the gold catalyst favors the formation of the insertion product into the Csp2-H bond whereas copper and silver preferentially induce the formation of the cycloheptatriene derivative. Experimental studies and theoretical calculations have explained the observed selectivity in terms of the formation of a common Wheland intermediate, resembling an electrophilic aromatic substitution, from which the reaction pathway evolves into two separate routes to each product.
- Fructos, Manuel R.,Besora, Maria,Braga, Ataualpa A. C,Díaz-Requejo, M. Mar,Maseras, Feliu,Perez, Pedro J.
-
p. 172 - 179
(2017/04/04)
-
- Modular Synthesis of Arylacetic Acid Esters, Thioesters, and Amides from Aryl Ethers via Rh(II)-Catalyzed Diazo Arylation
-
One-pot formation of arylacetic acid esters, thioesters, and amides via Rh(II)-catalyzed arylation of a Meldrum's acid-derived diazo reagent with electron-rich arenes is described. The methodology was used to efficiently synthesize an anticancer compound.
- Best, Daniel,Jean, Micka?l,Van De Weghe, Pierre
-
p. 7760 - 7770
(2016/09/12)
-
- Iron and manganese catalysts for the selective functionalization of arene C(sp2)-H bonds by carbene insertion
-
The first examples of the direct functionalization of non-activated aryl sp2 C-H bonds with ethyl diazoacetate (N2CHCO2Et) catalyzed by Mn- or Fe-based complexes in a completely selective manner are reported, with no formation of the frequently observed cycloheptatriene derivatives through competing Buchner reaction. The best catalysts are FeII or MnII complexes bearing the tetradentate pytacn ligand (pytacn= 1-(2-pyridylmethyl)-4,7-dimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane). When using alkylbenzenes, the alkylic C(sp3)-H bonds of the substituents remained unmodified, thus the reaction being also selective toward functionalization of sp2 C-H bonds. Exclusive catalysis: Iron- and-manganese-based catalysts selectively functionalize the C(sp2)-H bonds of benzene or alkylbenzenes through the formal insertion of the CHCO2Et group from N2CHCO2Et (see scheme). When using alkylbenzenes, the alkylic C(sp3)-H bonds of the substituents remain unmodified.
- Conde, Ana,Sabenya, Gerard,Rodríguez, Mònica,Postils, Verònica,Luis, Josep M.,Díaz-Requejo, M. Mar,Costas, Miquel,Pérez, Pedro J.
-
supporting information
p. 6530 - 6534
(2016/06/01)
-
- Novel hybrid-pyrrole derivatives: Their synthesis, antitubercular evaluation and docking studies
-
Using novel hybrid molecules for the treatment of tuberculosis is one of the latest approaches. Keeping this concept in mind, thirty two hybrid compounds were synthesized, with pyrrole as one of the moieties, clubbed to coumarin, ibuprofen and isoniazid. The compounds were evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain. Compounds 7e and 8e exhibited MIC of 3.7 and 5.10 μg mL-1 and growth inhibition of 95% and 92%, respectively. These compounds were also active against single drug resistant bacterial strains. The compounds were devoid of cytotoxicity when tested against Vero African green monkey kidney cell line. Docking study was carried out on enoyl acyl carrier protein enzyme to provide some understanding into the mechanism of action of these compounds.
- Saha, Rikta,Alam, Md. Mumtaz,Akhter, Mymoona
-
p. 12807 - 12820
(2015/02/19)
-
- Synthesis of α-aryl esters and nitriles: Deaminative coupling of α-aminoesters and α-aminoacetonitriles with arylboronic acids
-
Transition-metal-free synthesis of α-aryl esters and nitriles using arylboronic acids with α-aminoesters and α-aminoacetonitriles, respectively, as the starting materials has been developed. The reaction represents a rare case of converting C(sp3)-N bonds into C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds. The reaction conditions are mild, demonstrate good functional-group tolerance, and can be scaled up. Touch base: A transition-metal-free protocol for the synthesis of α-aryl esters and nitriles by deaminative coupling is presented. Strong bases and transition-metal catalysts are not needed. The new synthetic method uses readily available starting materials and demonstrates wide substrate scope.
- Wu, Guojiao,Deng, Yifan,Wu, Chaoqiang,Zhang, Yan,Wang, Jianbo
-
supporting information
p. 10510 - 10514
(2016/02/18)
-
- Synthesis of arylacetates from benzylic alcohols and oxalate esters through decarboxylative coupling
-
Follow that dream: By combining a reversible transesterification between benzylic alcohols and dialkyl oxalates with catalytic decarboxylation of the resulting esters, a regiospecific C-C-bond-forming reaction to give α-arylacetates was achieved. In the overall process, CO2 and a volatile alcohol are the only byproducts. Various α-arylacetates were thus synthesized in high yields from easily accessible starting materials in the presence of catalytic amounts of Pd(OAc)2, dppp, and DABCO (see scheme). Copyright
- Gruenberg, Matthias F.,Goossen, Lukas J.
-
supporting information
p. 7334 - 7337
(2013/06/27)
-
- PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIZING PHENYLACETIC ACID BY CARBONYLATION OF TOLUENE
-
A production process for substituted phenylacetic acids or ester analogues thereof is disclosed. In this process toluene or toluene substituted with various substituents, an alcohol, an oxidant and carbon monoxide are used as raw materials to obtain compounds comprising structure of phenylacetic acid ester or analogues thereof by catalysis of the complex catalyst formed from transition metal and ligand, and such compounds are hydrolyzed to obtain various substituted phenylacetic acid based compounds. This type of compounds and their derivatives serve as important fine chemicals used widely in the industries of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, perfume and the like.
- -
-
Paragraph 0042; 0043
(2013/11/19)
-
- Palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of benzylic C-H bonds via nondirected C(sp3)-H activation
-
A new strategy for generating benzylpalladium reactive species from toluenes via nondirected C(sp3)-H activation has been developed. This led to construction of an efficient Pd-catalyzed reaction protocol for the oxidative carboxylation of benzylic C-H bonds to form substituted 2-phenylacetic acid esters and derivatives from inexpensive, commercially available starting materials.
- Xie, Pan,Xie, Yinjun,Qian, Bo,Zhou, Han,Xia, Chungu,Huang, Hanmin
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 9902 - 9905
(2012/08/08)
-
- Exclusive aromatic vs aliphatic C-H bond functionalization by carbene insertion with gold-based catalysts
-
The direct functionalization of aromatic C-H bonds by carbene insertion from diazo compounds catalyzed by gold complexes with N-heterocyclic ligands is described. The reaction is completely selective toward the C sp2-H bonds, other C sp3-H bonds remaining unreacted. A study with several NHC ligands in Au(I) and Au(III) complexes has been performed. The potential application of this strategy to give profen derivatives has also been explored.
- Rivilla, Ivan,Gomez-Emeterio, B. Pilar,Fructos, Manuel R.,Diaz-Requejo, M. Mar,Perez, Pedro J.
-
experimental part
p. 2855 - 2860
(2011/07/08)
-
- Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of sterically demanding boronic acids with α-bromocarbonyl compounds
-
A catalyst system generated in situ from Pd(dba)2 and tri(o-tolyl)phosphine mediates the coupling of arylboronic acids with alkyl α-bromoacetates under formation of arylacetic acid esters at unprecedented low loadings. The new protocol, which involves potassium fluoride as the base and catalytic amounts of benzyltriethylammonium bromideas a phase transfer catalyst, is uniquely effective for the synthesis of sterically demanding arylacetic acid derivatives. (Figure presented)
- Zimmermann, Bettina,Dzik, Wojciech I.,Himmler, Thomas,Goossen, Lukas J.
-
experimental part
p. 8107 - 8112
(2011/11/07)
-
- Water works: An efficient palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between boronic acids and bromoacetate with aminophosphine ligand
-
Water greatly restrained the formation of self-coupling of boronic acids in a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between boronic acids and ethyl bromoacetate with an aminophosphine ligand; good to excellent yields of cross-coupling product were obtained.
- Peng, Zhi-Yong,Wang, Jian-Ping,Cheng, Jiang,Xie, Xiao-Min,Zhang, Zhaoguo
-
experimental part
p. 8238 - 8241
(2010/10/21)
-
- A general method for the synthesis of 3,5-diarylcyclopentenones via Friedel-Crafts acylation of vinyl chlorides
-
(Chemical Equation Presented) A general approach for the synthesis of 3,5-diarylcyclopentenones was developed. Key aspects of this approach are the intramolecular Friedel-Crafts-type cyclization of vinyl chlorides and subsequent Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The requisite vinyl chloride-bearing arylacetic acid precursors are readily available by straightforward alkylation of arylacetic acid esters and undergo cyclization to yield 3-chloro-5-aryl-2- cyclopentenones when treated with AlCl3. The vinylogous acid chloride functionality present in these immediate products allows for further elaboration via Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling chemistry, leading to a diverse array of products.
- Xu, Yingju,McLaughlin, Mark,Chen, Cheng-Yi,Reamer, Robert A.,Dormer, Peter G.,Davies, Ian W.
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 5100 - 5103
(2009/10/17)
-
- Copper(I) iodide-catalysed arylation of acetoacetate to yield 2-arylacetic acid esters
-
The C-C coupling reaction between ethyl acetoacetate and aryl halides in the presence of CuI is described. The effects of solvent, ligands such as vicinal diamines and amino acids, base and temperature are reported. The arylated acetoacetate ester is deacylated under the reaction conditions resulting in the generation of 2-arylacetic acid esters, constituting a mild alternative to direct arylation of carboxylate esters.
- Zeevaart, Jacob G.,Parkinson, Christopher J.,de Koning, Charles B.
-
p. 3289 - 3293
(2008/02/02)
-
- N-substituted 4β-methyl-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-7α-amidomorphans are potent, selective κ opioid receptor antagonists
-
In a previous study, we identified (-)-N-[(1R,4S,5S,7R)-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl) -4-methyl-2-(3-phenylpropyl)-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-7-yl]-3-(1-piperidinyl) propanamide (5a, KAA-1) as the first potent and selective κ opioid receptor antagonist from the 5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)morphan class of opioids. In this study we report an improved synthesis of this class of compounds. The new synthetic method was used to prepare analogues 5b-r where the morphan N-substituent and 7α-amido group were varied. Most of the analogues showed sub-nanomolar potency for the κ opioid receptor and were highly selective relative to the μ and δ opioid receptors. (-)-3-(3,4- Dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)-N-{(1R,4S,5S,7R)-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl) -4-methyl-2-[2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-7-yl}propanamide (5n, MTHQ) is at least as potent and selective as nor-BNI as a κ opioid receptor antagonist in the [35S]GTP-γ-S in vitro functional test.
- Carroll, F. Ivy,Melvin, Matt S.,Nuckols, Michel C.,Mascarella, S. Wayne,Navarro, Hernán A.,Thomas, James B.
-
p. 1781 - 1791
(2007/10/03)
-
- A gold catalyst for carbene-transfer reactions from ethyl diazoacetate
-
(Chemical Equation Presented) Approaching El Dorado: A gold catalyst has been discovered that transfers a carbene unit from ethyl diazoacetate to aromatic substrates (see scheme) as well as olefins, amines, and alcohols. The insertion of carbene units into the C-H bonds of the aromatic ring of benzene, toluene, and styrene is a novel reaction. R = H, CH3, CH=CH 2; IPr = 1,3-bis(diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene.
- Fructos, Manuel R.,Belderrain, Tomas R.,De Fremont, Pierre,Scott, Natalie M.,Nolan, Steven P.,Diaz-Requejo, M Mar,Perez, Pedro J.
-
p. 5284 - 5288
(2007/10/03)
-
- Synthesis of medium ring heterocycles using an intramolecular Heck reaction
-
(Equation Presented) Historically, general convergent syntheses of medium ring heterocycles have been difficult to develop. Herein, we describe the synthesis of five classes of heterocycles: dihydrodibenzo[b,f]azepine, -oxocine, and -thiocine and dibenzo[b,f]azepine and -oxepine using a strategy of alkylation followed by highly selective intramolecular Heck arylation reaction. The hetero-tricyclic compounds were available in only two steps starting from commercially available starting materials.
- Arnold, Leggy A.,Luo, Wenchen,Guy, R. Kiplin
-
p. 3005 - 3007
(2007/10/03)
-
- 1,2-disubstituted-6-oxo-3-phenyl-piperidine-3-carboxamides and combinatorial libraries thereof
-
The invention relates to combinatorial libraries containing two or more novel piperidine-3-carboxamide derivative compounds, methods of preparing the piperidine-3-carboxamide derivative compounds and piperidine-3-carboxamide derivative compounds bound to a resin
- -
-
-
- Remarkable co-catalysis by copper(I) oxide in the palladium catalyzed cross-coupling of arylboronic acids with ethyl bromoacetate
-
Copper(I) oxide can effectively co-catalyze the Suzuki type cross-coupling reactions of arylboronic acids with ethyl bromoacetate. As an alternative protocol for introducing the methylenecarboxy group into functionalized molecules, this reaction occurs in
- Liu, Xing-Xin,Deng, Min-Zhi
-
p. 622 - 623
(2007/10/03)
-
- One-carbon homologation of carboxylic acids via BtCH2TMS: A safe alternative to the Arndt-Eistert reaction
-
Carboxylic acids are converted into the corresponding homologated acids or esters, using easily available 1-(trimethylsilylmethyl)benzotriazole (1) as a one-carbon synthon. The effectiveness of the reaction has been investigated on six aryl and seven alkyl carboxylic acids.
- Katritzky,Zhang,Haleem,Hussein,Fang,Steel
-
p. 5606 - 5612
(2007/10/03)
-
- Pd-catalyzed synthesis of arylacetic acid derivatives from boronic acids
-
A palladium(0)-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between arylboronic acids or esters and α-bromoacetic acid derivatives is described which allows the synthesis of various functionalized arylacetic acid derivatives under mild conditions.
- Goossen
-
p. 669 - 670
(2007/10/03)
-
- Cobalt Catalysed Carbonylation of Organic Halides under Solid-Liquid Phase Transfer Conditions
-
Organic halides are carbonylated under solid liquid phase transfer conditions using Co-(CO)4 as catalyst under Co (1 atmosphere) at 25 deg C to afford corresponding esters in good yields.No Carbonylation is effected in absence of phase transfer agent (PTA).The striking example is the carbonylation of ethyl haloacetate to diethyl malonate, an important organic intermediate.The parameters such as concentration of PTA, and catalyst and temperature are optimised.
- Kantam, M.Lakshmi,Reddy, N.Prabhakar,Choudary, B.M.
-
p. 2631 - 2640
(2007/10/02)
-
- Oxidative Decarboxylation. On the Mechanism of the Potassium Persulfate Promoted Decarboxylation Reaction
-
The competitive rates for the potassium persulfate promoted decarboxylation of a series of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid salts were determined.The rates for the ring-substituted phenylacetic acids showed a linear free energy correlation, ρ = -0.44, with ?+ substituent constants.The aliphatic carboxylates, likewise, showed a structure-reactivity relationship; The carboxylates that produce the most stable radicals upon loss of carbon dioxide are decarboxylated at the fastest rate.No clear demarcation between the rates of decarboxylation of the aromatic and aliphatic carboxylates was found.The benzyl-substituted phenylacetic acids , both phenyl and methyl substituted, show only small increases in the rates of electron transfer from their anions, while ring substitution was more effective in increasing the rates.Electron transfer from the HOMO of the aromatic carboxylate is marginally easier than transfer from the aliphatic carboxylate anions that undergo concerted-electron-transfer fragmentation.
- Tanner, Dennis D.,Osman, Soad A. A.
-
p. 4689 - 4693
(2007/10/02)
-
- Desulfurization and Carbonylation of Mercaptans
-
The first examples of the carbonylation of mercaptans are described: cobalt carbonyl catalyzes the desulfurization and carbonylation of mercaptans to carboxylic esters by means of carbon monoxide in aqueous alcohol.
- Shim, Sang Chul,Antebi, Shlomo,Alper, Howard
-
p. 147 - 149
(2007/10/02)
-
- Palladium-catalyzed Displacement of Aryl Halide by Tin Analogue of Reformatsky Reagent
-
Reaction of ethyl α-(tributylstannyl)acetate with aryl bromides in the presence of zinc bromide or chloride and a catalytic amount of dichlorobis(tri-o-tolylphosphine)palladium was found to give ethyl arylacetates in good yields except with the aryl bromide having p-acetyl or p-nitro group.
- Kosugi, Masanori,Negishi, Yoshikazu,Kameyama, Masayuki,Migita, Toshihiko
-
p. 3383 - 3384
(2007/10/02)
-