- Ecotoxicity studies of glycerol ethers in Vibrio fischeri: checking the environmental impact of glycerol-derived solvents
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The toxicities of a series of glycerol mono-, di-, and trialkyl ethers against Vibrio fischeri bacteria have been determined. A systematic study has been carried out and the possible structure-toxicity relationships have been discussed using different QSAR models. Inhibition of bioluminescence after 30 minutes of exposure shows relatively low toxicity of many of the glycerol derived chemicals studied. Results indicate that, as a general rule, the ecotoxicity increases with the length and number of substituents. However, if the size of the molecule increases, an extra substituent at position 2 makes the toxicity lower than that of the corresponding analogues.
- Garca,Pires,Aldea,Lomba,Perales,Giner
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supporting information
p. 4326 - 4333
(2015/08/11)
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- Thermodynamic characteristics of the sorption of glycerol ethers on stationary phase OV-101
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Retention characteristics, temperature dependences of the retention characteristics, and thermodynamic characteristics of sorption on the nonpolar OV-101 phase are determined for 33 glycerol mono-, di-, and triethers with linear and branched monobasic alc
- Zhabina,Krasnykh,Levanova
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p. 1590 - 1593
(2014/10/16)
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- COMPOSITIONS FOR USE AS FUELS COMPRISING DERIVATIVES OF GLYCEROL
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An object of the present invention relates to a composition that can be used as fuel comprising: at least one hydrocarbon mixture at least one compound having formula (I) X- CH(Y) -CH2OR (I) wherein R is a C1-C8 alkyl X is selected from H and OCH(CH2OR) and Y is CH2OR or X and Y jointly correspond to the substituent =CH-OR. Said composition can be advantageously used as fuel for diesel or gasoline engines.
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Page/Page column 17; 18
(2014/02/16)
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- Etherification of glycerol with ethanol over solid acid catalysts
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Different types of acidic heterogeneous catalysts, including sulfonic resins, zeolites and grafted silicas are used for the synthesis of mono-ethers of glycerol using ethanol as the alcohol. The study shows that the performances of the catalysts are governed by both the acidity and the polarity of their surface. Materials with strong hydrophobic character are not active as they do not allow the adsorption of the glycerol. On the other hand a strong adsorption of glycerol on the polar surfaces leads to low activity as well. The best compromise has been found by using sulfonic-acid polystyrene resins of the Amberlyst family and zeolites with intermediate aluminium contents.
- Pariente, Stephane,Tanchoux, Nathalie,Fajula, Franois
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scheme or table
p. 1256 - 1261
(2010/05/17)
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- Tricyclic triazolobenzazepine derivatives, process for producing the same, and antiallergic
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Tricyclic triazolobenzazepine derivatives in the form or a prodrug are provided. The compounds according to the present invention are those represented by formula (I) and pharmacologically acceptable salts and solvates thereof. The compounds are useful as antiallergic agents and exhibit excellent bioavailability. wherein R1 represents hydrogen, OH, alkyl or phenyl alkyl,R2, R3, R4, and R5 represent hydrogen, halogen, optionally protected hydroxyl, formyl, optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy or the like, andQ represents a group selected from the following groups (i) to (iv), halogen, or alkoxy:
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- Synthesis of 2,5-dihydrofurans via alkylidene carbene insertion reactions
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The insertion reaction of alkylidene carbenes is demonstrated to be an effective method for the synthesis of 2,5-dihydrofuran ring systems. The best results have been obtained on substrates containing electron-withdrawing substituents, which appear less prone to the competing rearrangement reaction. This insight has led to the development of a new method for the synthesis of the core structure of the squalestatin-zaragozic acid natural products.
- Walker, Louise F.,Bourghida, Ahmed,Connolly, Stephen,Wills, Martin
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p. 965 - 981
(2007/10/03)
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- Enantioselective Syntheses of 2-Deoxyxylono-1,4-lactone and 2-Deoxyribono-1,4-lactone from 1,3-Dioxan-5-yl Diazoacetates
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1,3-Dioxan-5-yl diazoacetates are valuable substrates for highly diastereoselective and enantio-selective carbon-hydrogen insertion reactions. trans-2-(tert-Butyl)-1,3-dioxan-5-yl diazoacetate is a direct precursor to 2-deoxyribono-1,4-lactone in up to 81% ee, whereas cis-2-(tert-butyl)-1,3-dioxan-5-yl diazoacetate yields only the protected 2-deoxyxylono-1,4-lactone in up to 96% ee. However, trans-2-aryl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl diazoacetate (aryl = phenyl or 2-naphthyl) forms the precursor to 2-deoxyxylono-1,4-lactone in up to 95% ee but with the mirror image configuration of that produced from the trans-2-(tert-butyl) analogue. The catalysts that are most suitable for these carbon-hydrogen insertion reactions are chiral dirhodium(II) carboxamidates. 1,3-Dialkoxy-2-propyl diazoacetates give mainly 2-deoxyxylono-1,4-lactone derivatives (>90:10) with generally high enantiocontrol, but replacement of hydrogen at the 2-position of these 2-propyl diazoacetates led to a mixture of products.
- Doyle, Michael P.,Tedrow, Jason S.,Dyatkin, Alexey B.,Spaans, Coenraad J.,Ene, Doina G.
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p. 8907 - 8915
(2007/10/03)
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- SYNTHESIS OF 2-DEOXYXYLOLACTONE FROM GLYCEROL DERIVATIVES VIA HIGHLY ENANTIOSELECTIVE CARBON-HYDROGEN INSERTION REACTIONS
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diazodecomposition of 1,3-dialkoxy-2-propyl diazoacetates catalyzed by chiral dirhodium(II) carboxamides results in highly enantioselective and diastereoseelctive carbon-hydrogen insertion which forms 3,5-dialkyl 2-deoxyxylolactones in up to 98percent enantiomeric excess.
- Doyle, Michael P.,Dyatkin, Alexey B.,Tedrow, Jason S.
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p. 3853 - 3856
(2007/10/02)
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- Process for the preparation of serinol and of serinol derivatives, and products obtained therefrom
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A method for the synthesis of serinol and serinol derivatives substituted at the nitrogen atoms by reacting a lower 1,3-dialkoxy-isopropyl halide with ammonia or an amine to form a 1,3-dialkoxy-isopropylamine and then removing the ether groups by heating with a hydrogen halide acid. The method allows the production of serinol and serinol derivatives using inexpensive starting materials in a simple manner and obtaining a high purity product which is free of interfering isomers. Novel compounds obtained by the method which are useful as pharmaceutical intermediates, X-ray contrasting agents and cytostatic or psychopharmacological drugs are also disclosed.
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