- Kinetics-Driven Drug Design Strategy for Next-Generation Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors to Clinical Candidate
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The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors remain key therapeutic drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the low-safety window limits their maximum therapeutic benefits. Here, a novel kinetics-driven drug design strategy was employed to discover new-generation AChE inhibitors that possess a longer drug-target residence time and exhibit a larger safety window. After detailed investigations, compound 12 was identified as a highly potent, highly selective, orally bioavailable, and brain preferentially distributed AChE inhibitor. Moreover, it significantly ameliorated cognitive impairments in different mouse models with a lower effective dose than donepezil. The X-ray structure of the cocrystal complex provided a precise binding mode between 12 and AChE. Besides, the data from the phase I trials demonstrated that 12 had good safety, tolerance, and pharmacokinetic profiles at all preset doses in healthy volunteers, providing a solid basis for its further investigation in phase II trials for the treatment of AD.
- Zhou, Yu,Fu, Yan,Yin, Wanchao,Li, Jian,Wang, Wei,Bai, Fang,Xu, Shengtao,Gong, Qi,Peng, Tao,Hong, Yu,Zhang, Dong,Zhang, Dan,Liu, Qiufeng,Xu, Yechun,Xu, H. Eric,Zhang, Haiyan,Jiang, Hualiang,Liu, Hong
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p. 1844 - 1855
(2021/03/01)
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- Ruthenium-catalyzed intramolecular arene C(sp2)-H amidation for synthesis of 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1 H)-ones
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We report the [Ru(p-cymene)(l-proline)Cl] ([Ru1])-catalyzed cyclization of 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-ones to form dihydroquinoline-2-ones in excellent yields with excellent regioselectivity via a formal intramolecular arene C(sp2)-H amidation. The reactions of the 2- and 4-substituted aryl dioxazolones proceeds initially through spirolactamization via electrophilic amidation at the arene site, which is para or ortho to the substituent. A Hammett correlation study showed that the spirolactamization is likely to occur by electrophilic nitrenoid attack at the arene, which is characterized by a negative ρ value of -0.73.
- Au, Chi-Ming,Ling, Cho-Hon,Sun, Wenlong,Yu, Wing-Yiu
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supporting information
p. 3310 - 3314
(2021/05/29)
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- Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Benzylic C(sp3)?H Cyclization for the Synthesis of β-Lactams
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β-Lactams are important structural motifs because of their ubiquity in natural products and pharmaceuticals. We report herein a Cu-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative C(sp3)?H amidation for the synthesis of β-lactams using tBuOOtBu. This method
- Nozawa-Kumada, Kanako,Saga, Satoshi,Matsuzawa, Yuta,Hayashi, Masahito,Shigeno, Masanori,Kondo, Yoshinori
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supporting information
p. 4496 - 4499
(2020/04/10)
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- Rh(III)-Catalyzed meta-C-H Olefination Directed by a Nitrile Template
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A range of Rh(III)-catalyzed ortho-C-H functionalizations have been developed; however, extension of this reactivity to remote C-H functionalizations through large-ring rhodacyclic intermediates has yet to be demonstrated. Herein we report the first examp
- Xu, Hua-Jin,Lu, Yi,Farmer, Marcus E.,Wang, Huai-Wei,Zhao, Dan,Kang, Yan-Shang,Sun, Wei-Yin,Yu, Jin-Quan
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supporting information
p. 2200 - 2203
(2017/02/23)
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- GluN2B-selective N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists derived from 3-benzazepines: Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of benzo[7]annulen-7-amines
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Given their high neuroprotective potential, ligands that block GluN2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors by interacting with the ifenprodil binding site located on the GluN2B subunit are of great interest for the treatment of various neurona
- Benner, Andre,Bonifazi, Alessandro,Shirataki, Chikako,Temme, Louisa,Schepmann, Dirk,Quaglia, Wilma,Shoji, Osami,Watanabe, Yoshihito,Daniliuc, Constantin,Wuensch, Bernhard
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p. 741 - 751
(2014/05/06)
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- ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF NOVEL BICYCLIC HETEROCYCLES
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The present invention relates to compound of formula I, II, III, or IV, and/or a pharmaceutical acceptable addition salt thereof and/or a stereoisomer thereof and/or a solvate thereof, Formulas (I), (II), (III) and (IV) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R11, and R12 are as defined in the claim 1 or as described in detail in the description of the invention, and to the use of said compounds to treat or prevent proliferative disorders and their use to manufacture a medicine to treat or prevent proliferative disorders, particularly cancer such as leukemia. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions of said compounds and the use of said pharmaceutical compositions to treat or prevent proliferative disorders. The present invention further relates to the use of said compounds as biologically active ingredients, more specifically as medicaments for the treatment of proliferative disorders and pathologic conditions such as, but not limited to, cancer such as leukemia.
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Paragraph 1096-1098
(2014/04/03)
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- Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2-carboxamides bearing a carboxybenzene group at 5-position: Highly potent, selective, and orally available MMP-13 inhibitors interacting with the S1″ binding site
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On the basis of X-ray co-crystal structures of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) in complex with its inhibitors, our structure-based drug design (SBDD) strategy was directed to achieving high affinity through optimal protein-ligand interaction with the unique S1″ hydrophobic specificity pocket. This report details the optimization of lead compound 44 to highly potent and selective MMP-13 inhibitors based on fused pyrimidine scaffolds represented by the thienopyrimidin-4-one 26c. Furthermore, we have examined the release of collagen fragments from bovine nasal cartilage in response to a combination of IL-1 and oncostatin M.
- Nara, Hiroshi,Sato, Kenjiro,Naito, Takako,Mototani, Hideyuki,Oki, Hideyuki,Yamamoto, Yoshio,Kuno, Haruhiko,Santou, Takashi,Kanzaki, Naoyuki,Terauchi, Jun,Uchikawa, Osamu,Kori, Masakuni
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supporting information
p. 5487 - 5505
(2014/12/11)
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- Cross-coupling of remote meta -c-h bonds directed by a u-shaped template
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meta-C-H arylation and methylation of 3-phenylpropanoic acid and phenolic derivatives were developed using an easily removable nitrile template. The combination of a weakly coordinating U-shaped template and mono-protected amino acid ligand was crucial fo
- Wan, Li,Dastbaravardeh, Navid,Li, Gang,Yu, Jin-Quan
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supporting information
p. 18056 - 18059
(2014/01/06)
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- Superacid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts cyclization of unactivated alkenes
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Trifluoromethanesulfonimide is an effective catalyst for Friedel-Crafts cyclizations of simple, nonpolarized alkenes with a variety of pendant arenes. A catalyst loading of 0.5 - 1.0 mol % effects clean cyclization to form 5- to 7-membered carbocycles wit
- Bonderoff, Sara A.,West,Tremblay, Martin
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4600 - 4603
(2012/10/07)
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- Design and optimization of potent and orally bioavailable tetrahydronaphthalene raf inhibitors
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Inhibition of mutant B-Raf signaling, through either direct inhibition of the enzyme or inhibition of MEK, the direct substrate of Raf, has been demonstrated preclinically to inhibit tumor growth. Very recently, treatment of B-Raf mutant melanoma patients with a selective B-Raf inhibitor has resulted in promising preliminary evidence of antitumor activity. This article describes the design and optimization of tetrahydronaphthalene-derived compounds as potent inhibitors of the Raf pathway in vitro and in vivo. These compounds possess good pharmacokinetic properties in rodents and inhibit B-Raf mutant tumor growth in mouse xenograft models.
- Gould, Alexandra E.,Adams, Ruth,Adhikari, Sharmila,Aertgeerts, Kathleen,Afroze, Roushan,Blackburn, Christopher,Calderwood, Emily F.,Chau, Ryan,Chouitar, Jouhara,Duffey, Matthew O.,England, Dylan B.,Farrer, Cheryl,Forsyth, Nancy,Garcia, Khristofer,Gaulin, Jeffery,Greenspan, Paul D.,Guo, Ribo,Harrison, Sean J.,Huang, Shih-Chung,Iartchouk, Natalia,Janowik, Dave,Kim, Mi-Sook,Kulkarni, Bheemashankar,Langston, Steven P.,Liu, Jane X.,Ma, Li-Ting,Menon, Saurabh,Mizutani, Hirotake,Paske, Erin,Renou, Christelle C.,Rezaei, Mansoureh,Rowland, R. Scott,Sintchak, Michael D.,Smith, Michael D.,Stroud, Stephen G.,Tregay, Ming,Tian, Yuan,Veiby, Ole P.,Vos, Tricia J.,Vyskocil, Stepan,Williams, Juliet,Xu, Tianlin,Yang, Johnny J.,Yano, Jason,Zeng, Hongbo,Zhang, Dong Mei,Zhang, Qin,Galvin, Katherine M.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1836 - 1846
(2011/05/30)
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- Phenylcinnamides as novel antimitotic agents
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Compound 8H is a phenylcinnamide that induces G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest and cell death in cancer cell lines. Here we show that 8H exerts its cytotoxic activity through disruption of microtubule dynamics in vitro and in cell culture. A series of cinnamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated, and several new compounds were identified that improve on the activity of the parent compound, with IC50 values for induction of cell death ranging from 1 to 10 μM. Notably, these compounds retain potency in the HL-60/VCR leukemia cell line, which is resistant to antimitotic cancer drugs vincrisitine and paclitaxel through up-regulation of P-glycoprotein drug efflux pumps. As P-glycoprotein expression is often responsible for drug resistance in cancer and the exclusion of compounds from the central nervous system, 8H and its derivatives merit further examination as potential antimitotic therapeutics, specifically for brain cancers and cancers that are resistant to standard antimitotic agents.
- Leslie, Benjamin J.,Holaday, Clinton R.,Nguyen, Tran,Hergenrother, Paul J.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3964 - 3972
(2010/08/06)
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- An investigation into the electrophilic cyclisation of N-acyl-pyrrolidinium ions: A facile synthesis of Pyrrolo-tetrahydroisoquinolones and Pyrrolo-benzazepinones
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The triflic acid-mediated cyclisation of N-arylmethyl- and N-arylethyl-acylpyrrolidinium ions gave moderate to good yields of pyrrolo-tetrahydroisoquinolones and pyrrolo-benzazepinones respectively. Electron-donating R substituents enhanced the rate of reaction and gave higher yields than electron-withdrawing substituents. Substituents on the methyl or ethyl chain in general enhanced the reaction, unless sterically encumbered. The equivalent acylpiperidinium ions cyclised much slower and in lower yield.
- King, Frank D.,Aliev, Abil E.,Caddick, Stephen,Copley, Royston C. B.
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experimental part
p. 3561 - 3571
(2010/01/06)
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- Dynamic equilibria in the products of intramolecular buchner additions of diazoketones to aryl rings bearing methoxy substituents
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Rhodium carboxylate catalyzed aromatic addition reactions of a range of diazoketones bearing methoxy-substituted aryl rings have been explored. While the existence of norcaradiene-cycloheptatriene equilibria in related compounds is well established, the aromatic addition products in this study display more complex dynamic equilibria due to conjugation with the methoxy group; the experimental evidence for this is discussed in detail. In the azulenone products 21-26 derived from p-methoxy-substituted diazoketones 14-16, the diastereomers interconvert via a spiro intermediate 39. A related mechanistic process in the azulenones 43-46 derived from the o-methoxy-substituted diazoketones 17, 18 interconverts regioisomers, explaining the conflicting reports for the regioselectivity of the cyclization of diazoketone 1. With the m-methoxy-substituted diazoketone 19, involvement of the methoxy group through a different pathway results in fragmentation of the azulenone to form the tetralone 47. With the azulenones 21-26 exclusive trapping of the norcaradiene associated with the less thermodynamically stable diastereomers in a cycloadduct with N-phenylmaleimide is observed. Due to the presence of the activating methoxy substituent on the aromatic ring, the aromatic addition reactions of the diazoketones studied were not very sensitive to the nature of the rhodium catalyst.
- Maguire,O'Leary,Harrington,Lawrence,Blake
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p. 7166 - 7177
(2007/10/03)
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- Monoamine re-uptake inhibiting 1-ethyl>piperazines as potential antidepressants
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A series of 1-ethyl>-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazines 17-50 (Figure 1) were prepared and tested as inhibitors of biogenic amine re-uptake.In our search for antidepressants, the relationship between their in vitro and in vivo activity as dopamine-re-uptake inhibitors is described quantitatively by using Retention Index values determined by reversed-phase liquid chromatography.
- Wieringa, J.,Meerendonk, A. van den,Steenvoorden, J.,Heeres, G.,Bakel, F. van,et al.
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p. 143 - 150
(2007/10/02)
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- Synthesis and Antileukemic Activity of Bismethyl>-Substituted Pyrroloisoquinolines, Pyrroloquinolines, Pyrroloisobenzazepines, and Pyrrolobenzazepines
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A series of bismethyl>-substituted pyrrole-fused tricyclic heterocycles were synthesized by using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions with a trifluoromethanesulfonate salt of an appropriate Resissert compound or with a mesoionic oxazolone intermediate.All of the bis(carbamates) were active in vivo against P388 lymphocytic leukemia with 5,6-dihydro-8-methoxy-1,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyrroloisoquinoline bis (3c) showing the highest level of activity.
- Anderson, Wayne K.,Heider, Arvela R.,Raju, Natarajan,Yucht, Jeffery A.
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p. 2097 - 2102
(2007/10/02)
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- Intramolecular Reactions of N-Nitrenes: Oxidation of 3-Amino-2-(arylalkyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-ones
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Oxidation of the title compounds yields N-nitrenes which react intramolecularly with methoxy-substituted aryl rings.The particular substitution pattern in the aryl rings which is required for effective trapping of the nitrenes is in accord with an electro
- Atkinson, Robert S.,Malpass, John R.,Woodthorpe, Katherine L.
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p. 2407 - 2412
(2007/10/02)
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- Photoreactions of α-sulfonyloxyketones
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Earlier work on the photochemistry of α-sulfonyloxyketones uncovered their propensity to form the corresponding α-ketocarbonium ions on photolysis.Typical reactions such as intramolecular cyclizations, carbonium ion rearrangements, and solvent trapping were found.This paper describes an attempt to extend this reaction to a general synthetic technique for polyene cyclizations.During the course of this work two other major reaction pathways were found.The first is an α-keto carbonium ion to acylium ion rearrangement and the second is a photoreduction-elimination process that leads to an α-keto radical rather than the corresponding cation.
- Charlton, James Leslie.,Lai, Hoi Kiong.,Lypka, Gerald Nicholas
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p. 458 - 462
(2007/10/02)
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