Liquid crystals of the 4-alkyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl group were synthesized without the use of copper cyanide. 4-Alkyl-4'-formylbiphenyls and the 4-formyloximes of 4'-alkylbiphenyl, which possess a liquid-crystalline state, were isolated.Beginning with the pentyl homolog, they form an enantiotropic nematic phase, and beginning with octyl homolog they also form a smectic meso phase.
Ruolene, Yu. I.,Adomenas, P. V.,Sirutkaitis, R. A.,Denis, G. I.
p. 1187 - 1191
(2007/10/02)
NEW SIMPLE METHOD FOR OBTAINING 4-n-ALKYL-4 prime -CYANOBIPHENYLS.
A new method is described of obtaining 4-n-alkyl-4 prime -cyanobiphenyls from biphenyl. First biphenyl is acrylated and the resulting ketone is reduced in conditions of the Huang-Minlon reaction; next the obtained 4-n-alkylbiphenyl is converted to 4-n-alkyl-4 prime -iodobiphenyl which readily reacts with copper cyanide giving the required nitrile with a good yield.
Dabrowski,Witkiewicz,Kenig
p. 251 - 259
(2007/10/02)
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