- Aromatic compound hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation method and application thereof
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The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and discloses an aromatic compound hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation method under mild conditions and application of the method in hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation reactions of the aromatic compounds and related mixtures. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: contacting the aromatic compound or a mixture containing the aromatic compound with a catalyst and hydrogen with proper pressure in a solvent under a proper temperature condition, and reacting the hydrogen, the solvent and the aromatic compound under the action of the catalyst to obtain a corresponding hydrogenation product or/and a hydrodeoxygenation product without an oxygen-containing substituent group. The invention also discloses specific implementation conditions of the method and an aromatic compound structure type applicable to the method. The hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation reaction method used in the invention has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, high hydrodeoxygenation efficiency, wide substrate applicability, convenient post-treatment, and good laboratory and industrial application prospects.
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Paragraph 0094-0095; 0123-0125; 0127-0130
(2021/05/29)
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- A Novel and Practical Continuous Flow Chemical Synthesis of Cannabidiol (CBD) and its CBDV and CBDB Analogues
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Cannabidiol is one of the main non-psychoactive cannabinoids present in Cannabis sativa and, in the last decade, it is gaining great interest among the scientific community for its pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic applications. Herein, we report the first continuous flow chemical synthesis of cannabidiol (CBD) and its analogues cannabidivarin (CBDV) and cannabidibutol (CBDB). This approach permits to synthesize products in very good yields (55–59 %), limiting the formation of psychoactive and illegal cannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
- Chiurchiù, Elena,Sampaolesi, Susanna,Allegrini, Pietro,Ciceri, Daniele,Ballini, Roberto,Palmieri, Alessandro
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p. 1286 - 1289
(2021/02/05)
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- Using (+)-carvone to access novel derivatives of (+)-ent-cannabidiol: The first asymmetric syntheses of (+)-ent-CBDP and (+)-ent-CBDV
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(?)-Cannabidiol [(?)-CBD] has recently gained prominence as a treatment for neuro-inflammation and other neurodegenerative disorders; interest is also developing in its synthetic enantiomer, (+)-CBD, which has a higher affinity to CB1/CB2 receptors than the natural stereoisomer. We have developed an inexpensive, stereoselective route to access ent-CBD derivatives using (+)-carvone as a starting material. In addition to (+)-CBD, we report the first syntheses of (+)-cannabidivarin, (+)-cannabidiphorol as well as C-6/C-8 homologues.
- Golliher, Alexandra E.,Tenorio, Antonio J.,Dimauro, Nina O.,Mairata, Nicolas R.,Holguin, F. Omar,Maio, William
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- Design of Negative and Positive Allosteric Modulators of the Cannabinoid CB2Receptor Derived from the Natural Product Cannabidiol
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Cannabidiol (CBD), the second most abundant of the active compounds found in the Cannabis sativa plant, is of increasing interest because it is approved for human use and is neither euphorizing nor addictive. Here, we design and synthesize novel compounds taking into account that CBD is both a partial agonist, when it binds to the orthosteric site, and a negative allosteric modulator, when it binds to the allosteric site of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor. Molecular dynamic simulations and site-directed mutagenesis studies have identified the allosteric site near the receptor entrance. This knowledge has permitted to perform structure-guided design of negative and positive allosteric modulators of the CB2 receptor with potential therapeutic utility.
- Navarro, Gemma,Gonzalez, Angel,Sánchez-Morales, Adrià,Casajuana-Martin, Nil,Gómez-Ventura, Marc,Cordomí, Arnau,Busqué, Félix,Alibés, Ramon,Pardo, Leonardo,Franco, Rafael
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p. 9354 - 9364
(2021/07/19)
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- CANNABINOID DERIVATIVES
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This disclosure relates to cannabinoid derivatives of formula (I), pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and methods of using the cannabinoid derivatives in treating or preventing a diseases associated with a cannabinoid receptor in a subject in ne
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Paragraph 0141
(2021/02/12)
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- A Revised Modular Approach to (–)-trans-Δ8-THC and Derivatives Through Late-Stage Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions
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A revised modular approach to various synthetic (–)-trans-Δ8-THC derivatives through late-stage Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions is disclosed. Ten derivatives were synthesized allowing both sp2- and sp3-hybridized cross-coupling partners with minimal β-hydride elimination. Importantly, we demonstrate that a para-bromo-substituted THC scaffold for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions has been initially reported incorrectly in recent literature.
- Bloemendal, Victor R. L. J.,Sondag, Daan,Elferink, Hidde,Boltje, Thomas J.,van Hest, Jan. C. M.,Rutjes, Floris P. J. T.
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p. 2289 - 2296
(2019/04/03)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CANNABIDIOL AND DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL
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The present disclosure relates to the preparation of a cannabidiol compound or a derivative thereof. The cannabidiol compound or derivatives thereof can be prepared by an acid-catalyzed reaction of a suitably selected and substituted di-halo-olivetol or derivative thereof with a suitably selected and substituted cyclic alkene to produce a dihalo-cannabidiol compound or derivative thereof. The dihalo-cannabidiol compound or derivative thereof can be produced in high yield, high stereospecificity, or both. It can then be converted under reducing conditions to a cannabidiol compound or derivatives thereof.
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- Selective cleavage of the Cα-Cβ linkage in lignin model compounds via Baeyer-Villiger oxidation
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Lignin is an amorphous aromatic polymer derived from plants and is a potential source of fuels and bulk chemicals. Herein, we present a survey of reagents for selective stepwise oxidation of lignin model compounds. Specifically, we have targeted the oxidative cleavage of Cα-Cβ bonds as a means to depolymerize lignin and obtain useful aromatic compounds. In this work, we prepared several lignin model compounds that possess structures, characteristic reactivity, and linkages closely related to the parent lignin polymer. We observed that selective oxidation of benzylic hydroxyl groups, followed by Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of the resulting ketones, successfully cleaves the Cα-Cβ linkage in these model compounds. This journal is
- Patil, Nikhil D.,Yao, Soledad G.,Meier, Mark S.,Mobley, Justin K.,Crocker, Mark
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p. 3243 - 3254
(2015/03/18)
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- Synthesis of chiloglottones - Semiochemicals from sexually deceptive orchids and their pollinators
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A five-step synthesis of monoalkyl- and 2,5-dialkyl-1,3-cyclohexanediones (1) is described via a sequence involving sequential Birch reductions and alkylations from the readily accessible and inexpensive starting material, 3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid. Two approaches were considered in which alkylation at C-2 occurs either prior or subsequent to the proposed reduction. The successful route, in which Birch reduction of a 3-alkyl resorcinol derivative (3) precedes alkylation was applied in the synthesis of chiloglottone 1 (1dc), in 58% overall yield. Chiloglottone 1 is a member of a new class of natural products, representing a known sex pheromone of the thynnine wasp Neozeleboria cryptoides and pollinator attractant in the Australian sexually deceptive orchid genus Chiloglottis. The synthetic homologues were assessed for their biological activity via electroantennographic detection.
- Poldy, Jacqueline,Peakall, Rod,Barrow, Russell Allan
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4296 - 4300
(2009/12/06)
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- Pd-C-induced catalytic transfer hydrogenation with triethylsilane
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(Chemical Equation Presented) In situ generation of molecular hydrogen by addition of triethylsilane to palladium-charcoal catalyst results in rapid and efficient reduction of multiple bonds, azides, imines, and nitro groups, as well as benzyl group and allyl group deprotection under mild, neutral conditions.
- Mandal, Pijus K.,McMurray, John S.
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p. 6599 - 6601
(2008/02/10)
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- Inhibitors of α4 mediated cell adhesion
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The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active ingredient a compound of formula (I), wherein Ring A is an aromatic or a heterocyclic ring; Q is a bond, carbonyl, lower alkylene, lower alkenylene, —O-(lower alkylene)-, etc.; n is 0, 1 or 2; Z is oxygen or sulfur, W is oxygen, sulfur, —CH═CH—, —NH— or —N═CH—; R1, R2and R3are the same or different and are hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, etc.; R4is tetrazolyl, carboxyl group, amide or ester; R5is hydrogen, nitro, amino, hydroxyl, lower alkanoyl, lower alkyl etc.; R6is selected from (a) a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, (b) a substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl group, (c) a substituted or unsubstituted thienyl group, (d) a substituted or unsubstituted benzofuranyl group, etc.; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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- Synthesis and biological activity of the structural analogues of (-)-cabenegrin A-I
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A series of phenylbutene and butanol derivatives (6a-j, 12, 13, 15, 17, 24b,c, 26, 27a,b) were prepared from the readily available resorcinol derivatives 2a-f and 7-hydroxy-chroman (18). The products were tested for inhibitory activity on the LPS-induced
- Gulacsi, Katalin,Litkei, Gyoergy,Antus, Sandor,Szantay, Csaba,Darko, Laszlo L.,Szelenyi, Judith,Hasko, Gyoergy,Vizi, Szilveszter E.
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- Syntheses of differanisole A
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Differanisole A has been synthesized by two routes.
- Green, Richard H.
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p. 4697 - 4700
(2007/10/03)
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- Simple synthesis of 5-substituted resorcinols: A revisited family of interesting bioactive molecules
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The reaction of 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl trimethylsilyl ether (3) with different aldehydes (n-PrCHO, n-C11H23CHO, MeCHO, PhCHO) in the presence of lithium powder and a catalytic amount of naphthalene (4 mol %) gave, after hydrolysis, the expected alcohols 4 in moderate yields. The dehydroxylation of these compounds through the corresponding mesylates 5 or directly from benzylic derivatives by catalytic hydrogenation, afforded compounds 6, which are finally demethylated to yield 5-alkyl-3,5-dihydroxyresorcinols, such as olivetol (7a), grevillol (7b), 1,3-dihydroxy-5-propylbenzene (7c), or dihydropinosilvine (7d). Dehydration of alcohol derivatives 4 followed by demethylation led to hydroxylated stilbene-type structures, such as pinosilvine (9d), resveratrol (9e), or piceatannol (9f), which in some cases can be hydrogenated to give saturated molecules such as combretastanin B-4 tetramethyl ether (6f) or chrysotobibenzyl (6g). Finally, when the naphthalene-catalyzed lithiation of compound 3 was performed in the presence of other electrophiles [Me3SiCl, t-BuCHO, CH3(CH2)4CHO, 4-Me3SiOC6H4CHO, (CH2)5CO, PhN = C = O, PhN = CHPh], the expected reaction products 12 were isolated, after hydrolysis.
- Alonso, Emma,Ramon, Diego J.,Yus, Miguel
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p. 417 - 421
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of ether and related analogues of Δ8-, Δ9-, and Δ9,11-tetrahydrocannabinol
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The primary goal of this research was to synthesize a series of ether analogues of the cannabinoid drug class and to evaluate their agonist and antagonist pharmacological properties in either the mouse or the rat. Agonist and antagonist activity was evaluated in mice using a multiple-evaluation procedure (locomotor activity, tail-flick latency, hypothermia, ring immobility) and activity in rats determined in a discriminative stimulus paradigm. Additionally, novel analogues were evaluated for their ability to bind to the THC receptor site labeled by 3H-CP-55,940. None of the cannabinoid analogues were capable of attenuating the effects of Δ9-THC (3 mg/kg) in either the rat (doses up to 10 mg/kg) or in the mouse (doses up to 30 mg/kg). It also appears that the compounds with minimal in vivo activity are not mixed agonist/antagonists. These data would suggest that the phenolic hydroxyl is important for receptor recognition (binding) and in vivo potency. Additionally, cannabinoid methyl ethers previously considered inactive have been found to produce limited activity. Lastly, data suggest that Δ9,11- THC is more potent than previous reports indicated, and does possess pharmacological activity.
- Compton,Prescott Jr.,Martin,Siegel,Gordon,Razdan
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p. 3310 - 3316
(2007/10/02)
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- A New Synthesis of 1-n-Alkyl-3,5-dimethoxybenzenes (Olivetol Dimethyl Ether and Homologs)
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An efficient method is reported for the synthesis of 1-n-alkyl-3,5-dimethoxybenzenes, useful intermediates in the synthesis of cannabinoids, from the readily available and cheap 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid.The key step is the electron-transfer induced highly regioselective demethoxylation of 1-n-alkyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzenes.
- Azzena, Ugo,Denurra, Teresa,Fenude, Emma,Melloni, Giovanni,Rassu, Gloria
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- BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE PHENOLIC METABOLITES OF A VERTICICLADIELLA SPECIES
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The metabolites produced when a Verticicladiella species (Canadian Forestry Service strain C728), the causative agent of the black stain root disease of many conifers, is grown in liquid culture have been investigated.Orcinol, orcinol monomethyl ether, 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone, and the α-L-rhamnopyranosides of orcinol and orcinol methyl ether have been isolated and indentified.Orcinol methyl ether and its rhamnoside both show antibacterial activity and orcinol methyl ether also inhibits the growth of pine germlings.The general antibacterial activity of 5-alkylresorcinols and their monomethyl ethers is reported.-Key Word Index-Verticicladiella sp.; Deuteromycontina; blue-stain fungus; phytotoxin; phenols; methylorcinol rhamnoside; phenol monomethyl ethers; antiseptics.
- Ayer, William A.,Browne, Lois M.,Lovell, Sarah H.
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p. 2267 - 2272
(2007/10/02)
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- Long-chain Phenols. Part 16. A Novel Synthesis of Homologous Orsellinic Acids and their Methyl Ethers
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By the novel reaction of 3,5-dimethoxyfluorobenzene with n-alkyl-lithium compounds, followed by carbonation, homologous orsellinic acid dimethyl ethers (6-alkyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acids) have been obtained.The reactions proceeded best with the homologues of methyl-lithium.These reactions are considered to occur by way of 3,5-dimethoxybenzyne. 2,4-Dimethoxyfluorobenzene did not form an aryne but gave 3-fluoro-2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid instead.Decomposition with water of alkyl-lithium reaction mixtures from 3,5-dimethoxyfluorobenzene yielded 5-n-alkylresorcinol dimethyl ethers.Demethylaton of 6-alkyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acids with boron trichloride proceeded partially and selectively to give the 6-alkyl-2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acids, and completely with aluminium chloride to give the homologous orsellinic acids.Boron tribromide was less effective, but readily gave the 5-alkyl resorcinols from the corresponding dimethyl ethers.
- Durrani, Aziz A.,Tyman, John H. P.
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p. 1658 - 1666
(2007/10/02)
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