- Copper-Catalyzed Aminoarylation of Alkenes via Aminyl Radical Addition and Aryl Migration
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We describe a new strategy for aminoarylation of alkenes by copper-catalyzed smiles rearrangement using O-benzoylhydroxylamines as the amine reagent. This method affords various β-amino amide derivatives possessing a quaternary carbon center with wide functional group tolerance and high regioselectivity. The mechanistic studies indicate that the transformation can involve aminyl radical intermediates under acid-free condition.
- Wang, Jin-Lin,Liu, Mei-Ling,Zou, Jian-Yu,Sun, Wen-Hui,Liu, Xue-Yuan
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supporting information
p. 309 - 313
(2022/01/04)
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- Ultrasound-assisted one-pot three-component synthesis of new isoxazolines bearing sulfonamides and their evaluation against hematological malignancies
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In the present study, following a one-pot two-step protocol, we have synthesized novel sulfonamides-isoxazolines hybrids (3a-r) via a highly regioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. The present methodology capitalized on trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) as a safe and ecological oxidant and chlorinating agent for the in-situ conversion of aldehydes to nitrile oxides in the presence of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, under ultrasound activation. These nitrile oxides could be engaged in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions with various alkene to afford the targeted sulfonamides-isoxazolines hybrids (3a-r). The latter were assessed for their antineoplastic activity against model leukemia cell lines (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, K562 and Promyelocytic Leukemia, HL-60).
- Talha, Aicha,Favreau, Cécile,Bourgoin, Maxence,Robert, Guillaume,Auberger, Patrick,EL Ammari, Lahcen,Saadi, Mohamed,Benhida, Rachid,Martin, Anthony R.,Bougrin, Khalid
-
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- Electrochemical study of 4-chloroaniline in a water/acetonitrile mixture. A new method for the synthesis of 4-chloro-2-(phenylsulfonyl)aniline and: N -(4-chlorophenyl)benzenesulfonamide
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The electrochemical oxidation of 4-chloroaniline as a model compound in a water/acetonitrile mixture was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. It was established that one-electron oxidation of 4-chloroaniline followed by disproportionation reaction affords unstable (4-iminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)chloronium. In water/acetonitrile mixtures and in the absence of nucleophiles, the most likely reaction on produced chloronium is hydrolysis and p-quinoneimine formation. The electrochemical oxidation of 4-chloroaniline in the presence of arylsulfinic acids was also investigated in a water/acetonitrile mixture at a glassy carbon electrode. It was established that under these conditions, the anodically generated chloronium reacts with benzenesulfinic acid to produce the corresponding diaryl sulfone and N-phenylbenzenesulfonamide derivatives. In addition, Gaussian 09W was applied for prediction of the possible product by the calculation of natural charge, LUMO orbital energies and thermodynamic stability of intermediates and products. This journal is
- Goljani, Hamed,Mohamadighader, Niloofar,Nematollahi, Davood,Saraei, Mahnaz
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p. 31563 - 31569
(2020/09/21)
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- Sulfonamide compound and metal-free catalytic construction method and application thereof
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The invention discloses a sulfonamide compound as shown in a formula (I) which is described in the specification and a synthesis method thereof. A series of sulfonamide compounds are obtained throughreaction of nitroaromatic hydrocarbon, an inorganic sulfur reagent and boric acid as reaction raw materials in a solvent under the action of alkali and an additive. Metal catalysis and an additional reducing agent are not needed, an inorganic sulfur reagent is used as a sulfur source and a reducing agent, and a series of sulfonamide compounds are constructed in one step by a three-component one-pot method. The invention also discloses an application of the sulfonamide compound in synthesis of sulfonamide drugs. The raw materials of the synthesis method are wide in source, cheap and easy to obtain; the reaction operation is simple; the substrate universality is high; and the synthesis method is economic and practical. The sulfonamide compound has high practical value and a wide applicationprospect.
- -
-
Paragraph 0112-0116
(2020/07/21)
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- Straightforward Sulfonamidation via Metabisulfite-Mediated Cross Coupling of Nitroarenes and Boronic Acids under Transition-Metal-Free Conditions?
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A straightforward multicomponent sulfonamidation of nitroarenes, sodium metabisulfite and boronic acids was established under transition-metal-free conditions to access diverse sulfonamides from readily available and low-cost materials modularly. Inorganic salt sodium metabisulfite not only served as a sulfur dioxide source, but also played a key role for both activator and reductant during sulfonamidation. Notably, naturally occurring biomolecules and pharmaceuticals with multiple heteroatoms and sensitive functional groups were intensively investigated in this transformtion providing versatile sulfonamides collectively. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that nitrosoarene is the key intermediate, and the activation of boronic acid is the rate-determining step in the transformation.
- Li, Yaping,Wang, Ming,Jiang, Xuefeng
-
supporting information
p. 1521 - 1525
(2020/09/09)
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- Sequential C-S and S-N Coupling Approach to Sulfonamides
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A one-pot three-component reaction involving nitroarenes, (hetero)arylboronic acids, and potassium pyrosulfite leading to sulfonamides was described. A broad range of sulfonamides bearing different reactive functional groups were obtained in good to excellent yields through sequential C-S and S-N coupling that does not require metal catalysts.
- Chen, Kai,Chen, Wei,Han, Bing,Chen, Wanzhi,Liu, Miaochang,Wu, Huayue
-
supporting information
p. 1841 - 1845
(2020/03/04)
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- Copper-catalyzed denitrogenative N-arylation of sulfoximines and sulfonamides with arylhydrazines
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A Cu-mediated ligand-free arylation of NH-sulfoximines and sulfonamides by arylhydrazine hydrochlorides was herein demonstrated. The oxidative transformation provided an easy access towards N-aryl sulfoximines and sulfonamides in high yields (up to 93% yields) with broad functional groups tolerance (up to 36 examples). The protocol was proposed to take place through the free radical pathway based on the results of control reactions and EPR analysis.
- Dong, Wanrong,Liu, Chaoyang,Ma, Xinchi,Zhang, Yingjun,Peng, Zhihong,Xie, Dexun,An, Delie
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p. 3886 - 3893
(2019/06/18)
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- Multicomponent synthesis of sulfonamides from triarylbismuthines, nitro compounds and sodium metabisulfite in deep eutectic solvents
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A sustainable synthesis of sulfonamides using a copper-catalysed process starting from triarylbismuthines, Na2S2O5 and nitro compounds in a Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) as a reaction medium is described. Thus, triarylbismuthines are used as reagents for the incorporation of SO2 into organic motifs. The bismuth salts formed as by-products can be easily removed from the crude reaction mixture by precipitation with water, while the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as solvents can be avoided in the entire process. The eutectic mixture employed as the solvent is fully characterised, with the preliminary results proving its low toxicity. The designed DES also allows for a novel multicomponent reaction which saves time and reduces purification steps, energy and cost.
- Marset, Xavier,Torregrosa-Crespo, Javier,Martínez-Espinosa, Rosa M.,Guillena, Gabriela,Ramón, Diego J.
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supporting information
p. 4127 - 4132
(2019/08/07)
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- Sulfonyl imide or sulfonamide of the denitrification arylation method and product and application
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A sulfonyl imide or sulfonamide of the denitrification arylation method and product and application, sulfonimide or sulfonamide of the denitrification arylation method, comprises the following steps: to arylhydrazine and sulfonyl imide or sulfonamide as raw material, the catalyst palladium salt, alkali, solvent and oxidizing agent in the presence of, prepared N - aryl sulfonyl imide or N - aryl sulfonamides. The sulfonimide or sulfonamide of the denitrification arylation method, by adopting the arylhydrazine and sulfonimide or sulfonamide as raw materials used to prepare N - aryl sulfonyl imide or N - aryl sulfonamides, arylhydrazine because of having low cost, high reactivity and easy accessibility and the like, can make the sulfonyl imide or a sulfonamide for the arylation of the method cost is relatively low. The arylhydrazine as aryl group donor, the reaction by-product is N2 And H2 O, so it has the characteristics of green and environmental protection.
- -
-
Paragraph 0066-0073
(2019/03/31)
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- Selective cleavage of the N-propargyl group from sulfonamides and amides under ruthenium catalysis
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The selective cleavage of the N-propargyl group from sulfonamides and amides under ruthenium catalysis is described. The reaction tolerates a broad range of functional groups, and the desired products were obtained in 10–95% yield.
- Wang, Jingjing,Li, Feng,Pei, Wenlong,Yang, Mixue,Wu, Yidan,Ma, Danyang,Zhang, Furong,Wang, Jianhui
-
supporting information
p. 1902 - 1905
(2018/04/19)
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- Palladium-catalyzed desulfitative arylation of sulfonamides with sodium arylsulfinates
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A Pd(II)-catalyzed desulfitative arylation protocol between sulfonamides and sodium arylsulfinates was herein reported. The direct arylation reaction was successfully achieved by a Pd(II)/Ag(I)-mediated system without participation of any external ligands with a release of SO2. And different N-aryl sulfonamides were obtained readily in up to 86% yields, exhibiting good functional groups tolerance (25 examples).
- Zhao, Zijian,Lian, Yan,Zhao, Chang,Wang, Bing
-
supporting information
p. 1436 - 1442
(2018/06/01)
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- Synthesis and anti-cancer activities of new sulfonamides 4-substituted-triazolyl nucleosides
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Nucleoside analogues are among the most known drugs commonly used in antiviral and anticancer chemotherapies. Among them, those featuring a five-membered ring nucleobase are of utmost interest such as the anti-cancer agent AICAR or the anti-viral drug ribavirin. Despite its low activity in vitro in different cell lines, AICAR is under clinical development for several pathologies, thanks to its original mode of action. Indeed, AICAR induced autophagy cell death and is able, following this mechanism, to circumvent resistance to apoptotic drugs including kinase inhibitors currently on the market. To improve the activity of AICAR, we report herein an efficient synthesis of new series of sulfonamide-4-substituted-1,2,3-triazolyl nucleosides using a Cu-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. All these molecules have been fully characterized and evaluated against two aggressive tumor cell lines, RCC4 and MDA-MB-231. Among them, nucleoside analogue 5i belonging to the ribose series was found to be 19 to 66-fold more active than AICAR. Western blot analyses on RCC4 cells showed that 5i displayed an interesting mode of action by inducing both apoptosis and autophagy cell death, making therefore this class of molecules highly promising for further hit-to-lead optimization.
- Alaoui, Soukaina,Dufies, Maeva,Driowya, Mohsine,Demange, Luc,Bougrin, Khalid,Robert, Guillaume,Auberger, Patrick,Pagès, Gilles,Benhida, Rachid
-
supporting information
p. 1989 - 1992
(2017/04/10)
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- Visible Light-Induced Radical Rearrangement to Construct C-C Bonds via an Intramolecular Aryl Migration/Desulfonylation Process
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A highly efficient intramolecular selective aryl migration/desulfonylation of 2-bromo-N-aryl-N-(arenesulfonyl)amide via visible light-induced photoredox catalysis has been accomplished. This approach allows for the construction of a variety of multisubstituted N,2-diarylacetamide under mild reaction conditions.
- Li, Yuyuan,Hu, Bei,Dong, Wuheng,Xie, Xiaomin,Wan, Jun,Zhang, Zhaoguo
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p. 7036 - 7041
(2016/08/30)
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- Iron-catalyzed N -arylsulfonamide formation through directly using nitroarenes as nitrogen sources
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One-step, catalytic synthesis of N-arylsulfonamides via the construction of N-S bonds from the direct coupling of sodium arylsulfinates with nitroarenes was realized in the presence of FeCl2 and NaHSO3 under mild conditions. In this process, stable and readily available nitroarenes were used as nitrogen sources, and NaHSO3 acted as a reductant to provide N-arylsulfonamides in good to excellent yields. A broad range of functional groups were very well-tolerated in this reaction system. In addition, mechanistic studies indicated that the N-S bond might be generated through direct coupling of nitroarene with sodium arylsulfinate prior to the reduction of nitroarenes by NaHSO3. Accordingly, a reaction mechanism involving N-aryl-N-arenesulfonylhydroxylamine as an intermediate was proposed.
- Zhang, Weixi,Xie, Junyao,Rao, Bin,Luo, Meiming
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p. 3504 - 3511
(2015/04/14)
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- Metal-free direct construction of sulfonamides via iodine- mediated coupling reaction of sodium sulfinates and amines at room temperature
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A simple, practical, and metal-free protocol has been developed for the synthesis of sulfonamides from sodium sulfinates and various amines through an iodine-mediated SN bond formation reaction at room temperature. This green reaction is cost-effective, operationally straightforward, and especially proceeds under very mild conditions to afford the target products in good to excellent yields (up to 98%).
- Wei, Wei,Liu, Chunli,Yang, Daoshan,Wen, Jiangwei,You, Jinmao,Wang, Hua
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supporting information
p. 987 - 992
(2015/03/30)
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- Sulfonamide formation from sodium sulfinates and amines or ammonia under metal-free conditions at ambient temperature
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A novel, practical and highly efficient method for the construction of a variety of sulfonamides mediated by I2 was demonstrated. The reaction proceeds readily at room temperature using a variety of sodium sulfinates and amines or ammonia in water in a metal-, base-, ligand-, or additive-free protocol. Primary, secondary and tertiary sulfonamides were obtained in good to excellent yields with a broad range of functional group tolerability. This journal is
- Yang, Kai,Ke, Miaolin,Lin, Yuanguang,Song, Qiuling
-
supporting information
p. 1395 - 1399
(2015/03/18)
-
- Ionic liquid-supported synthesis of sulfonamides and carboxamides
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An ionic liquid-supported aldehyde was designed and converted to ionic liquid-supported secondary aryl amines through reductive amination. The reaction of ionic liquid-supported aryl amines with sulfonyl chlorides and acid chlorides, respectively, followed by cleavage using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) afforded sulfonamides and caboxamides. To introduce additional diversity in the synthesis of sulfonamides and caboxamides, ionic liquid-supported iodosubstituted aryl amine was synthesized using the same strategy, and underwent Suzuki coupling reaction, followed by reaction with a methanesulfonyl chloride to generate the corresponding biaryl sulfonamide. The advantages of the protocol over solid-phase synthesis are homogeneous reaction medium, high loading, easy separation of products, and characterization of intermediates.
- Muthayala, Manoj Kumar,Chhikara, Bhupender S.,Parang, Keykavous,Kumar, Anil
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experimental part
p. 60 - 65
(2012/02/04)
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- Copper-catalyzed N-arylation of sulfonamides with aryl bromides under mild conditions
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This Letter describes a copper catalyzed sulfonamide coupling reaction with aryl bromides to form N-aryl sulfonamides under mild conditions, including the first examples of Cu-catalyzed sulfonamide coupling at room temperature. The reaction protocol tolerates a broad range of substrates including a variety of primary and secondary sulfonamides and challenging heteroaryl bromides such as 2-bromothiazole.
- Wang, Xiang,Guram, Anil,Ronk, Michael,Milne, Jacqueline E.,Tedrow, Jason S.,Faul, Margaret M.
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 7 - 10
(2012/01/06)
-
- Solvent hydrogen bonding and structural effects on nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Part-2: Reaction of benzenesulphonyl chloride with anilines in propan-2-ol/2-methylpropan-2-ol mixtures
-
Substitution reactions of fourteen para- and meta-substituted anilines with benzenesulphonyl chloride in different mole fractions of propan-2-ol in 2-methylpropan-2-ol have been investigated conductometrically. The second order rate constants correlates satisfactorily with pKa values of the anilines and also with the Hammett's substituent constant. The para-substituted anilines shows a satisfactory correlation with Charton's LDR equation. The results of these correlations indicate the formation of an electron deficient transition state. The rate data correlate satisfactorily with macroscopic solvent parameters such as relative permittivity, εr and polarity, ETN. Multiple correlation analysis of the rate data via Kamlet-Taft's solvatochromic parameters reveals that the solvent dipolarityfpolarizability plays a dominant role in governing the reactivity.
- Bhuvaneshwari,Elango
-
experimental part
p. 233 - 241
(2010/04/05)
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- Cu(OAc)2-catalyzed N-arylation of sulfonamides with arylboronic acids or trimethoxy(phenyl)silane
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Cu(OAc)2-catalyzed C-N bond-formation reaction of sulfonamides with organoboronic acids or trimethoxy(phenyl)silane was achieved in the presence of 20mol% of Cu(OAc)2, providing N-arylation products with yields ranging from moderate to good.
- Pan, Changduo,Cheng, Jiang,Wu, Huayue,Ding, Jinchang,Liu, Miaochang
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experimental part
p. 2082 - 2092
(2009/10/17)
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- An efficient method for the synthesis of N-acylsulfonamides: One-pot sulfonylation and acylation of primary arylamines under solvent-free conditions
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The preparation of N-acylsulfonamides is described using primary amines, arylsulfonyl chlorides and acyl chlorides. Reaction of primary aryl amines with arylsulfonyl chlorides in the presence of NaHCO3 produced N-arylsulfonamides, which reacted in situ with benzoyl chloride furnishing the corresponding N-benzoyl-N-arylsulfonamides in 72-96% yields. Accordingly, 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride and 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride were used as acylating agents. All the reactions were carried out under solvent-free conditions at room temperature and the products were isolated after simple work-up in high yields and purity.
- Massah, Ahmad R.,Azadi, Davood,Aliyan, Hamid,Momeni, Ahmad R.,Naghash, Hamid Javaherian,Kazemi, Foad
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experimental part
p. 233 - 240
(2009/05/26)
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- Solvent hydrogen bonding and structural effects on nucleophilic substitution reactions: Part 3. Reaction of benzenesulfonyl chloride with anilines in benzene/ propan-2-ol mixtures
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Substitution reactions of 13 para- and meta-substituted anilines with benzene-sulfonyl chloride in varying mole fractions of benzene in propan-2-ol have been investigated conductometrically, The second-order rate constants correlate well with pKa values of anilines and with the Hammett's equation. The negative Hammett reaction constant indicates the formation of an electron-deficient transition state. The rate data correlate satisfactorily with macroscopic solvent parameters such as relative permittivity, εr, and polarity, ETN. Correlation of rate data with Kamlet-Taft solvatochromic parameters (α, β, π*) suggests that both the specific and nonspecific solute-solvent interactions influence the reactivity.
- Bhuvaneshwari,Elango
-
p. 657 - 663
(2008/09/17)
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- Solvent hydrogen bonding and structural effects on nucleophilic substitution reactions. Part-1: Reaction of benzenesulphonyl chloride with anilines in benzene/2-methylpropan-2-ol-mixtures
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Substitution reactions of eleven para- and meta-substitutcd anilines with benzencsulphonyl chloride in different mole fractions of benzene in 2-methylpropan-2-ol have been investigated conductometrically. The second order rate constants don't correlate either with pK values of the anilines or with the Hammett's and its modified equations. The para-substituted anilines shows a satisfactory correlation with Charton's LDR equation and the results indicate the formation of an electron deficient transition state. The rate data correlate satisfactorily with macroscopic solvent parameters such as relative permittivity, εr, and polarity, ETN. Multiple correlation analysis of the rate data via Kamlet-Taft's solvatochromic parameters reveals that the solvent hydrogen bond donor property plays a dominant role in governing the reactivity.
- Bhuvaneshwari,Elango
-
experimental part
p. 1227 - 1233
(2009/12/31)
-
- Discovery and development of a new class of potent, selective, orally active oxytocin receptor antagonists
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We report a novel chemical class of potent oxytocin receptor antagonists showing a high degree of selectivity against the closely related vasopressin receptors (Via, V1b, V2). An initial compound, 7, was shown to be active in an animal model of preterm labor when administered by the intravenous but not by the oral route. Stepwise SAR investigations around the different structural elements revealed one position, the arenesulfonyl moiety, to be amenable to structural changes. Consequently, this position was used to introduce a variety of substituents to improve the physicochemical properties. Some of the resulting analogues were found to be superior to 7 both in terms of potency in vitro and aqueous solubility, which translated into significantly improved efficacy in the animal model after intravenous and oral administration. The best compound, 73, potently inhibited oxytocin-induced uterine contractions in nonpregnant rats and reduced spontaneous uterine contractions in late-term pregnant rats.
- Quattropani, Anna,Dorbais, Jér?me,Covini, David,Pittet, Pierre-André,Colovray, Véronique,Thomas, Russell J.,Coxhead, Richard,Halazy, Serge,Scheer, Alexander,Missotten, Marc,Ayala, Guidon,Bradshaw, Charles,De Raemy-Schenk, Anne-Marie,Nichols, Anthony,Cirillo, Rocco,Tos, Enrico Gillio,Giachetti, Claudio,Golzio, Lucia,Marinelli, Paolo,Church, Dennis J.,Barberis, Claude,Chollet, André,Schwarz, Matthias K.
-
p. 7882 - 7905
(2007/10/03)
-
- Effect of para substitution on dissociation of N-phenylbenzenesulfonamides
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The reaction of substituted anilines and benzenesulfonyl chlorides has been used to prepare 49 substituted N-phenylbenzenesulfonamides of general formula 4-X-C6H4SO2NHC6H4-Y- 4′. Their purity was checked by elemental analysis. The substituents X and Y include H, CH3, CH3O, Cl, Br, CN, and NO2. The dissociation constants of all compounds were determined by potentiometric titration in methanol, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, and pyridine. The obtained dissociation constants, pKHA, were correlated with various sets of substituent constants. It was found that the effects of substituents X and Y on the dissociation are best described by using the Hammett equation with σp constants and the Yukawa-Tsuno equation with σp- and σp constants, respectively. This result confirms the direct conjugation of Y substituent with the reaction centre. The explained variability using the additive model was above 96% in all the solvents used. The data also provided information about the transmission effect of the SO2 group. The average dissociation constants were further processed by the latent variables methods, principal components and conjugated deviations analyses.
- Mansfeld, Martin,Parik, Patrik,Ludwig, Miroslav
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p. 1479 - 1490
(2007/10/03)
-
- Bimolecular nucleophilic displacement at tertiary carbon centers: Aminolyses of 2-cyano-2-propyl and 1-cyanocyclooctyl arenesulfonates
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Kinetic studies were carried out on the reactions of anilines with 2-cyano-2-propyl and 1-cyanocyclooctyl arenesulfonates in acetonitrile at 50·0°C. The second-order rate constants for the former are in general greater than those for the latter but the rates of the two become comparable for a strong nucleofuge. The cross-interaction constants, ρXZ (and βXZ), are considerably smaller (ca -0·04) than those for the primary (ca 0·33) and secondary (ca 0·12) compounds. The negative sign and small magnitude are consistent with a dissociative SN2 mechanism with a loose transition state structure. The ab initio MO theoretical results for Cl- + RCl?ClR + Cl- at the MP2 level (MP2/6-31 + G*//MP2/6-31 + G*) confirm the looseness of the transition state for the tertiary (R) alkyl compounds. The average r*(Cl...Cl) value is 4·88 ± 0·03 A, which is larger than those for the reactions at primary (4·68± 0·02 A) and secondary (4·80 ± 0·02 A) carbon centers. Thus a looser transition state with a smaller magnitude of ρXZ for the tertiary carbon centers has a larger theoretical r*(Cl-Cl) value.
- Oh, Hyuck Keun,Kwon, Young Bong,Chung, Dong Soo,Lee, Ikchoon
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p. 683 - 688
(2007/10/03)
-
- LDA-promoted decomposition of benzenesulfenamides. A route to aminyl radicals by dioxygen oxidation of lithium amides
-
The LDA-promoted decomposition of N-monosubstituted sulfenamides 1a-d occurs through the formation of thioaminyl anions, which undergo oxidation either at sulfur, with formation of sulfonamides, or at nitrogen, with formation of thioaminyl radicals, depending on the nature of the 4'-substituent. The reaction of N,N-disubstituted sulfenamides 1e-h proceeds through the intermediacy of a lithium complex capable of generating aminyl radicals via sulfenyl group transfer to the di-iso-propylamido anion and subsequent aerial oxidation of the resulting lithium amides 3e-h.
- Barbieri, Anna,Montevecchi, Pier Carlo,Nanni, Daniele,Navacchia, Maria Luisa
-
p. 13255 - 13264
(2007/10/03)
-
- N- and 2-Substituted N-(Phenylsulfonyl)glycines as Inhibitors of Rat Lens Aldose Reductase
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A variety of N-(phenylsulfonyl)-N-phenylglycines 5, N-(phenylsulfonyl)-2-phenylglycines 6, and N-(phenylsulfonyl)anthranilic acids 7 were prepared as analogues of the N-(phenylsulfonyl)glycine 1 aldose reductase inhibitors.In the rat lens assay, several derivatives of 5 display greater inhibitory activity than the corresponding glycines 1, suggesting that N-phenyl substitution enhances affinity for aldose reductase.Enzyme kinetic evaluations of the 4-benzoylamino analogues of 5 and 1 demonstrate that these compounds produce inhibition by the same mechanism.However, the significant differences in relative inhibitory potencies between compounds of series 5 and 1 may indicate that these compounds do not interact with the inhibitor binding site in precisely the same manner.Evaluation of the individual enantiomers of series 6 reveals that the S isomers are substantially more active than the corresponding R isomers.Also, with the exception of the naphthalene analogue 6n, the S stereoisomers of this series display greater inhibitory potencies than the glycines 1.The anthranilates 7 generally are less active than the glycines 1, demonstrating that direct incorporation of an aromatic ring in the glycine side chain may result in a decrease in affinity for aldose reductase.
- DeRuiter, Jack,Borne, Ronald F.,Mayfield, Charles A.
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p. 145 - 151
(2007/10/02)
-
- ANALYSIS OF SUBSTITUENT AND SOLVENT EFFECTS ON DISSOCIATION OF N-PHENYLBENZENESULPHONAMIDES
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The potentiometric titration in water, methanol, dimethyl sulphoxide, dimethylformamide, and acetonitrile has been used for determination of pK values of 13 N-arylbenzenesulphonamides.The validity of the Hammett and Yukawa-Tsuno models using several sets of substituent constants has been evaluated by the test to check adequacy of the regression function and by the factor analysis.It has been found that the substituent effects in solvents must be interpreted with regard to the experimental method used, solvent, set of the substituent constants, as well as the model equation ETR.The dependence of the Hammett reaction constants on the solvent has been analyzed and reveals a preferred stabilization of the conjugated base through hydrogen bonds.Direct conjugation of the reaction centre with the substituent and with different extent of the solvent-dependence with the 4-CN and 4-NO2 derivatives have been observed.
- Ludwig, Miroslav,Pytela, Oldrich,Javurkova, Helena,Vecera, Miroslav
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p. 2900 - 2908
(2007/10/02)
-
- VARIATION OF TRANSITION STATE IN REACTIONS OF BENZENSULFONYL CHLORIDES WITH ANILINES IN MeOH-MeCN SOLVENTS
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Kinetic studies of nucleophilic substitution reactions of substituted benzenesulfonyl chlorides with anilines were conducted at 35 deg C in a range of methanol-acetonitril solvent mixtures.Results showed that (i) the magnitudes of ρN and β associated with a change of substituent in the nucleophile are large and indicate a relatively advanced bond-formation in the transition state, (ii) maximum size of ρN, ρS and β at the solvent composition of the maximum ionizing power, together with a positive cross-interaction coefficient, suggest SN2 transition state of a "synchronous push-pull" type, and (iii) the potential energy surface model is unstable to predict the transition state variation to a more product-like transition state, where bond formation is much more progressed and bond-breaking is slightly more advanced, upon changing the solvent to a more ionizing one enhancing leaving ability.In this respect the quantum mechanical model is superior to the potential energy surface model.
- Lee, Ikchoon,Koo, In Sun
-
p. 1803 - 1808
(2007/10/02)
-
- Kinetische Verfolgung der Sulfamidbildung mittels quantitativer Differentialthermoanalyse
-
Die Reaktion zwischen Benzolsulfochlorid und einigen Anilinderivaten kann im Bereich oberchalb 200 K mit der dynamischen Technik der DTA untersucht werden, wobei sich eine Reaktion 2.Ordnung ergibt.Aktivierungsparameter und Reaktionsenthalpien werden durch die Anilinsubstituenten beeinflusst.
- Anderson, H.,Hoffmann, U.,Haberland, D.
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p. 639 - 648
(2007/10/02)
-