- Synthesis, photoluminescence and biological properties of terbium(III) complexes with hydroxyketone and nitrogen containing heterocyclic ligands
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The ternary terbium(III) complexes [Tb(HDAP)3·biq], [Tb(HDAP)3·dmph] and [Tb(HDAP)3·bathophen] were prepared by using methoxy substituted hydroxyketone ligand HDAP (2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyacetophenone) and an ancillary ligand 2,2-biquinoline or 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline or bathophenanthroline respectively. The ligand and synthesized complexes were characterised based on elemental analysis, FT-IR and 1H NMR. Thermal behaviour of the synthesized complexes illustrates the general decomposition patterns of the complexes by thermogravimetric analysis. Photophysical properties such as excitation spectra, emission spectra and luminescence decay curves of the complexes were investigated in detail. The main green emitting peak at 548 nm can be attributed to 5D4 → 7F5 of Tb3+ ion. Thus, these complexes might be used to make a bright green light-emitting diode for display purpose. In addition the in vitro antibacterial activities of HDAP and its Tb(III) complexes against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and antifungal activities against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger are reported. The Tb3+ complexes were found to be more potent antimicrobial agent as compared to the ligand. Among all these complexes, [Tb(HDAP)3·bathophen] exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity which proves its potential usefulness as an antimicrobial agent. Furthermore, in vitro antioxidant activity tests were carried out by using DPPH method which indicates that the complexes have considerable antioxidant activity when compared with the standard ascorbic acid.
- Poonam,Kumar, Rajesh,Boora, Priti,Khatkar, Anurag,Khatkar,Taxak
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- Biomimetic total synthesis and structure confirmation of myrtucommulone K
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A confirmed structure of meroterpenoid myrtucommulone K, which is vastly different from the originally reported one, is conducted. The first biomimetic total synthesis towards the assignment of its absolute configuration has been efficiently accessed in 5 steps, and key to the success was a heteroatom Diels-Alder cycloaddition. The structure of myrtucommulone K was re-elucidated and confirmed by extensive spectroscopic interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR.
- Zhou, Wen-Li,Tan, Hai-Bo,Qiu, Sheng-Xiang,Chen, Guang-Ying,Liu, Hong-Xin,Zheng, Chao
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- Frutescone A-G, Tasmanone-Based Meroterpenoids from the aerial parts of Baeckea frutescens
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Frutescone A-G [(1-6), (+)-7, (-)-7], a new group of naturally occurring tasmanone-based meroterpenoids, were isolated from the aerial parts of Baeckea frutescens L. Compounds 1 and 4 featured a rare carbon skeleton with an unprecedented oxa-spiro[5.8] tetradecadiene ring system, existing as two favored equilibrating conformers in CDCl3 solution, identified by variable-temperature NMR. The regioselective syntheses of 4-7 were achieved in a concise manner by a biomimetically inspired key hetero-Diels-Alder reaction "on water". Compounds 1, 4, and 5 exhibited moderate cytotoxicities in vitro.
- Hou, Ji-Qin,Guo, Cui,Zhao, Jian-Juan,He, Qi-Wei,Zhang, Bao-Bao,Wang, Hao
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- Isolation and biomimetic synthesis of (±)-calliviminones A and B, two novel Diels-Alder adducts, from Callistemon viminalis
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(±)-Calliviminones A (1) and B (2), two Diels-Alder adducts of polymethylated phloroglucinol and myrcene with unprecedented spiro-[5.5] undecene skeleton, were isolated from the fruits of Callistemon viminalis. Structural elucidation was accomplished by NMR spectra studies, and the biomimetic synthesis of compounds 1 and 2 confirmed the pivotal role of Diels-Alder reaction in the plausible biosynthetic pathway. Compounds 1 and 2 were also the first example of Carbon Diels-Alder adducts between phloroglucinol and terpene. Bioactivity scan indicated that 1 and 2 showed moderate inhibition on NO production on lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.
- Wu, Lin,Luo, Jun,Zhang, Yalong,Zhu, Mengdi,Wang, Xiaobing,Luo, Jianguang,Yang, Minghua,Yu, Boyang,Yao, Hequan,Dai, Yue,Guo, Qinglong,Chen, Yijun,Sun, Hongbin,Kong, Lingyi
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- Isolation and Synthesis of Novel Meroterpenoids from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa: Investigation of a Reactive Enetrione Intermediate
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Rhodomyrtusials A–C, the first examples of triketone-sesquiterpene meroterpenoids featuring a unique 6/5/5/9/4 fused pentacyclic ring system were isolated from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, along with several biogenetically-related dihydropyran isomers. Two bis-furans and one dihydropyran isomer showed acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. Structures of the isolates were unambiguously established by a combination of spectroscopic data, ECD analysis, and total synthesis. Bioinspired total syntheses of six isolates were achieved in six steps utilizing a reactive enetrione intermediate generated in situ from a readily available hydroxy-endoperoxide precursor.
- Qin, Xu-Jie,Rauwolf, Tyler J.,Li, Pan-Pan,Liu, Hui,McNeely, James,Hua, Yan,Liu, Hai-Yang,Porco, John A.
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- The first synthesis of podocarflavone A and its analogs and evaluation of their antimycobacterial potential against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the support of virtual screening
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The first synthetic route developed for Podocarflavone A reported from Podocarpus macrophyllus and its analogs in 7 steps. Computational analysis for binding with the pantothenate kinase (3AVO) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis showed their docking score (ds) in the range of ?8.9 to ?9.3 Kcal/mol. MD simulations delineated the stability of the protein-ligand complexes in the TIP3P model. MMGBSA and MMPBSA values of 8d were ?42.46 Kcal/mol and ?14.58 Kcal/mol, respectively. Further in-vitro antitubercular screening of compounds 8a, 8d, and 8e against M. tuberculosis H37Ra using XRMA protocol exhibited promising antimycobacterial activity with IC50 values 21.82μg/mL, 15.55 μg/mL, and 16.56 μg/mL, respectively. Compounds 8a, 8d, and 8e showed antibacterial activity with IC50 values 41.56 μg/mL, 24.72 μg/mL, and 72.45 μg/mL respectively against the Staphylococcus aureus. 8a and 8d showed inhibition with IC50 values 39.6 μg/mL and 27.64 μg/mL, respectively, against Bacillus subtilis. The present study could help in the further development of lead molecules against tuberculosis.
- Puranik, Ninad V.,Swami, Sagar,Misar, Ashwini V.,Mamgain, Ritu,Gulawani, Swapnaja S.,Sarkar, Dhiman,Srivastava, Pratibha,Srivastava, Pratibha
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supporting information
(2021/03/15)
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- Application of myrtle ketone compound in preparation of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 medicine
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The invention discloses application of myrtle ketone compounds in preparation of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 medicaments. The myrtle ketone compound has obvious inhibition effect on novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Mechanisms include, but are not limited to, inhibition of new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 into cells, preventing the replication of new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in the host cell, and timely modulating apoptosis of infected cells. To the myrtle ketone compound provided by the invention, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has a remarkable inhibiting effect, and the cytotoxicity is relatively small. It can therefore be used for the prophylaxis or treatment of neoplastic pneumonitis. The invention is expected to provide new candidate drug molecules for clinic treatment of nebrodensis.
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Paragraph 0045; 0048-0050
(2021/12/07)
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- Peachy ketones and their application in the preparation of anti-flu virus drugs
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The present invention discloses myrtle ketone compounds and their applications in the preparation of anti-influenza virus drugs. The myrtle ketone compounds of the present invention have a significant inhibitory effect on influenza viruses, the mechanism of action of which includes (but is not limited to) inhibiting influenza viruses entering cells, preventing the replication of influenza viruses in host cells, and timely regulating the apoptosis program of infected cells. The myrtle ketone compounds provided by the present invention have inhibitory effects on both influenza A and B viruses, the activity is better than the positive drug ribavirin (Ribavrin), and therefore can be used to prevent or treat influenza. The present invention is expected to provide a new active lead compound or drug candidate molecule for the clinical treatment of influenza.
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Paragraph 0049-0054
(2021/12/07)
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- Identification of novel androgen receptor degrading agents to treat advanced prostate cancer
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Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies affecting men worldwide. Androgen receptor (AR) has been a target of PCa treatment for nearly six decades. AR antagonists/degraders can effectively treat PCa caused by increased AR overexpression. However, all approved AR antagonists have similar chemical structures and exhibit the same mode of action on the protein. Although initially effective, resistance to these AR antagonists usually develops. Therefore, this calls for the identification of novel chemical structures of AR antagonists to overcome the resistance. Herein, we employed the synergetic combination of virtual and experimental screening to identify a flavonoid compound which not only effectively inhibits AR transcriptional activity, but also induces the degradation of the protein. Based on this compound, we designed and synthesized a series of derivatives. We discovered that the most potent compound 10e could effectively inhibit AR transcriptional activity, and possessed a profound ability to cause degradation of both full length- and ARv7 truncated forms of human AR. Notably, 10e efficiently inhibited the growth of ARv7 dependent prostate cancer cell-lines, which are completely resistant to all current anti-androgens. Compound 10e also showed strong antitumor activity in the LNCaP (androgen dependent prostate cancer cell line) in vivo xenograft model. These results provide a foundation for the development of a new class of AR antagonists.
- Wu, Hongxi,Ren, Jie,Zhao, Lulu,Li, Zhiyu,Ye, Wanli,Yang, Yong,Wang, Jubo,Bian, Jinlei
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- Discovery of Anti-TNBC Agents Targeting PTP1B: Total Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship, in Vitro and in Vivo Investigations of Jamunones
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Twenty-three natural jamunone analogues along with a series of jamunone-based derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory effects against breast cancer (BC) MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. The preliminary structure-activity relationship revealed that the length of aliphatic side chain and free phenolic hydroxyl group at the scaffold played a vital role in anti-BC activities and the methyl group on chromanone affected the selectivity of molecules against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Among them, jamunone M (JM) was screened as the most effective anti-triple-negative breast cancer (anti-TNBC) candidate with a high selectivity against BC cells over normal human cells. Mechanistic investigations indicated that JM could induce mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and cause G0/G1 phase arrest in BC cells. Furthermore, JM significantly restrained tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice without apparent toxicity. Interestingly, JM could downregulate phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway by suppressing protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) expression. These findings revealed the potential of JM as an appealing therapeutic drug candidate for TNBC.
- Hu, Caijuan,Li, Guoxun,Mu, Yu,Wu, Wenxi,Cao, Bixuan,Wang, Zixuan,Yu, Hainan,Guan, Peipei,Han, Li,Li, Liya,Huang, Xueshi
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supporting information
p. 6008 - 6020
(2021/05/06)
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- Synthesis and evaluation of trypanocidal activity of chromane-type compounds and acetophenones
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American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) caused by the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite, is a severe health problem in different regions of Latin America and is currently reported to be spreading to Europe, North America, Japan, and Australia, due to the migration of populations from South and Central America. At present, there is no vaccine available and chemotherapeutic options are reduced to nifurtimox and benznidazole. Therefore, the discovery of new molecules is urgently needed to initiate the drug development process. Some acetophenones and chalcones, as well as chromane-type substances, such as chromones and flavones, are natural products that have been studied as trypanocides, but the relationships between structure and activity are not yet fully understood. In this work, 26 compounds were synthesized to determine the effect of hydroxyl and isoprenyl substituents on trypanocide activity. One of the compounds showed interesting activity against a resistant strain of T. cruzi, with a half effective concentration of 18.3 μM ± 1.1 and an index of selectivity > 10.9.
- Escobar, Gustavo,González, Luis A.,Qui?ones, Wiston,Robledo, Sara,Upegui, Yulieth
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- Diacylphloroglucinol derivatives as antioxidant agents: green synthesis, optimisation, in?vitro, and in silico evaluation
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Several derivatives of diacylphloroglucinol (3a–3c and 5a–5b) as an analogue of natural product compound 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol 3a, were successfully synthesised in an excellent yield via a greener Friedel–Craft acylation using methanesulfonic acid (MSA) as a catalyst under an ultrasound-assisted condition. Operational simplicity, excellent yield, expedient metal-free synthesis, energy-efficient and mild reaction conditions are the outstanding advantages in this procedure. A scaled-up reaction also revealed the practical suitability of this newly developed procedure. The effects of several process variables on 3a were carefully accomplished using response surface methodology (RSM). Moreover, the green credentials of the present protocol have been assessed using several established green metrics and compared to relevant procedures. Along with the monomers, dimeric diacylphloroglucinols (6a–6e) were also synthesised and their in?vitro antioxidant activity of these species were carried out. Furthermore, drug-likeness, density functional theory (DFT), and molecular docking studies were also established.
- Prasetyo, Wahyu E.,Kusumaningsih, Triana,Firdaus, Maulidan,Marliana, Soerya D.,Suryanti, Venty,Artanti, Anif N.,Apriana, Ita,Anggraini, Septin D.
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supporting information
(2021/03/06)
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- Design and synthesis of novel Flavone-based histone deacetylase inhibitors antagonizing activation of STAT3 in breast cancer
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Histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitors have demonstrated a great clinical achievement in hematological malignancies. However, the efficacy of HDACs inhibitors in treating solid tumors remains limited due to the complicated tumor microenvironment. In this study, we designed and synthesized a class of novel HDACs inhibitors based on the structure of flavones and isoflavones, followed by biological evaluation. To be specific, a lead compound 15a was discovered with strong anti-proliferative effects on a variety of solid tumor cells, especially for breast cancer cells with resistance to SAHA. Studies demonstrated that 15a could significantly inhibit the activity of HDAC 1, 2, 3 (class I) and 6 (class IIB), leading to a dose-dependent accumulation of acetylated histones and α-Tubulin, cell cycle arrest (G1/S phase) and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, the lead compound 15a could also antagonize the activation of STAT3 induced by HDACs inhibition in some breast cancer cells, which further reduced the level of pro-survive proteins in tumor cells and enhanced anti-tumor activity regulated by STAT3 signaling in vivo. Overall, our findings demonstrated that the novel compound 15a might be a HDACs inhibitor candidate, which could be used as promising chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer.
- Wei, Mingming,Xie, Maodun,Zhang, Zhen,Wei, Yujiao,Zhang, Juan,Pan, Hongli,Li, Benlong,Wang, Jingjing,Song, Yang,Chong, Chuangke,Zhao, Rui,Wang, Jiefu,Yu, Li,Yang, Guang,Yang, Cheng
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- Synthesis method of isolicoflavonol
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The invention provides a synthesis method of isolicoflavonol, which comprises the following steps: carrying out condensation reaction on 2,4-O-R1(protective group, the same below)-6-hydroxyacetophenone and 4-O-R2(protective group, the same below)-benzaldehyde to generate 2',4'-O-R1-6'-hydroxy-4-O-R2-chalcone; oxidizing the chalcone to generate flavonol; carrying out selective protection on 3-OH ofthe flavonol to obtain 3,5,7-O-R1-4'-O-R2-flavonol; removing the protecting group R2 from the 3,5,7-O-R1-4'-O-R2-flavonol to obtain 3,5,7-O-R1-4'-hydroxyflavonol; carrying out 1,1-dimethylpropargyl reaction on the 4,4'-OH site to obtain 3,5,7-O-R1-4'-O-(1',1''-dimethyl propargyl)flavonol; carrying out partial hydrogenation on the alkynyl of the 3,5,7-O-R1-4'-O-(1',1''-dimethyl propargyl)flavonolunder the action of a catalyst to obtain 3,5,7-O-R1-4'-O-(1',1''-dimethylpropenyl)flavonol and carrying out Claisen rearrangement on the 3,5,7-O-R1-4'-O-(1',1''-dimethylpropenyl)flavonol to obtain 3,5,7-O-R1-isolicoflavonol, and removing the protecting group R1 from the 3,5,7-O-R1-isolicoflavonol to obtain the isolicoflavonol.
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Paragraph 0111; 0141-0148
(2020/12/29)
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- Structural features and antioxidant activities of Chinese quince (Chaenomeles sinensis) fruits lignin during auto-catalyzed ethanol organosolv pretreatment
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Chinese quince fruits (Chaenomeles sinensis) have an abundance of lignins with antioxidant activities. To facilitate the utilization of Chinese quince fruits, lignin was isolated from it by auto-catalyzed ethanol organosolv pretreatment. The effects of three processing conditions (temperature, time, and ethanol concentration) on yield, structural features and antioxidant activities of the auto-catalyzed ethanol organosolv lignin samples were assessed individually. Results showed the pretreatment temperature was the most significant factor; it affected the molecular weight, S/G ratio, number of β-O-4′ linkages, thermal stability, and antioxidant activities of lignin samples. According to the GPC analyses, the molecular weight of lignin samples had a negative correlation with pretreatment temperature. 2D-HSQC NMR and Py-GC/MS results revealed that the S/G ratios of lignin samples increased with temperature, while total phenolic hydroxyl content of lignin samples decreased. The structural characterization clearly indicated that the various pretreatment conditions affected the structures of organosolv lignin, which further resulted in differences in the antioxidant activities of the lignin samples. These results can be helpful for controlling and optimizing delignification during auto-catalyzed ethanol organosolv pretreatment, and they provide theoretical support for the potential applications of Chinese quince fruits lignin as a natural antioxidant in the food industry.
- Cheng, Xi-Chuang,Guo, Xin-Ran,Liu, Hua-Min,Liu, Yu-Lan,Qin, Zhao,Wang, Xue-De
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p. 4348 - 4358
(2020/09/22)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of dimethyl cardamonin (DMC) derivatives as P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance reversal agents
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Background: P-glycoprotein (P-gp) has been regarded as an important factor in the multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumor cells within the last decade, which can be solved by inhibiting P-gp to reverse MDR. Thus, it is an effective strategy to develop inhibitor of P-gp. Objective: In this study, the synthesis of a series of derivatives had been carried out by bioisosterism design on the basis of Dimethyl Cardamonin (DMC). Subsequently, we evaluated their reversal activities as potential P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated Multidrug Resistance (MDR) agents. Methods: Dimethyl cardamonin derivatives were synthesized from acetophenones and the corresponding benzaldehydes in the presence of 40% KOH by Claisen-Schmidt reaction. Their cytotoxicity and reversal activities in vitro were assessed with MTT. Moreover, the compound B4 was evaluated by Doxorubicin (DOX) accumulation, Western blot and wound-healing assays deeply. Results and Discussion: The results showed that compounds B2, B4 and B6 had the potency of MDR reversers with little intrinsic cytotoxicity. Meanwhile, these compounds also demonstrated the capability to inhibit MCF-7 and MCF-7/DOX cells migration. Besides, the most compound B4 was selected for further study, which promoted the accumulation of DOX in MCF-7/DOX cells and inhibited the expressionof P-gp at protein levels. Conclusion: The above findings may provide new insights for the research and development of P-gp-mediated MDR reversal agents.
- Liu, Jianwen,Ma, Lei,Shi, Ximeng,Yin, Huanhuan,Zhao, Yuyu,Zhou, Licheng
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p. 1270 - 1282
(2020/10/06)
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- Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 4-Substituted Kaempfer-3-ols
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The synthesis of two series of five kaempfer-3-ols was described. The first set all have a C-3 hydroxyl group and the second has a carboxymethoxy ether at the C-3 position. Both series have variable substitution at the C-4 position (i.e., OH, Cl, F, H, OMe). Both kaempferols and carboxymethoxy ethers were evaluated for their ability to inhibit ribosomal s6 kinase (RSK) activity and cancer cell proliferation.
- Kim, Sugyeom,Lannigan, Deborah A.,Li, Yu,Lin, Lin,O'Doherty, George A.,Sayasith, Peyton R.,Tarr, Ariel T.,Wright, Eric B.,Yasmin, Sharia
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p. 4279 - 4288
(2020/04/09)
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- Development of a novel nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitor with potential therapeutic effect on chronic inflammation
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Inflammation is a complex biological response to stimuli. Activated macrophages induced excessively release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators such as endogenous radical nitric oxide (NO) play a significant role in the progression of multiple inflammatory diseases. Both natural and synthetic chalcones possess a wide range of bioactivities. In this work, thirty-nine chalcones and three related compounds, including several novel ones, based on bioactive kava chalcones were designed, synthesized and their inhibitory effects on NO production in RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated. The novel compound (E)-1-(2′-hydroxy-4′,6′-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-methoxy-4-(3-morpholinopropoxy)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (53) exhibited a better inhibitory activity (84.0%) on NO production at 10 μM (IC50 = 6.4 μM) with the lowest cytotoxicity (IC50 > 80 μM) among the tested compounds. Besides, western blot analysis indicated that compound 53 was a potent down-regulator of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein. Docking study revealed that compound 53 also can dock into the active site of iNOS. Furthermore, at the dose of 10 mg/kg/day, compound 53 could both significantly suppress the progression of inflammation on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) models. In addition, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the kava chalcones based analogs was also depicted.
- Chen, Lijuan,Fan, Tiantian,Lei, Xiangui,Teichmann, Alexander Tobias,Wang, Amu,Wang, Chao,Wei, Zhe,Wieland, Frank Heinrich,Yang, Youzhe,Yin, Jinxiang,Zhou, Li,Zhu, Yue
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- A greatly improved procedure for the synthesis of an antibiotic-drug candidate 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol over silica sulphuric acid catalyst: multivariate optimisation and environmental assessment protocol comparison by metrics
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Efforts toward the development of a straightforward greener Gram-scale synthesis of the antibiotic compound 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) have been developed. This beneficial procedure was accomplished through the Friedel-Crafts acylation of phloroglucinol over inexpensive heterogeneous silica sulphuric acid (SSA) catalystviaultrasound-assisted (US) synthesis under solvent-free condition. The influences of various parameters such as temperature, catalyst loading, and reaction time on the reaction performance were analysed using a multivariate statistical modelling response surface methodology (RSM). A high yield ofDAPG(95%) was achieved at 60 °C after 15-20 min reaction with the presence of 10% (w/w)SSAas the catalyst. Column chromatography-free and a Gram scale-up reaction also exhibited the practical applicability of this newly developed protocol. TheSSAcatalyst was recovered and recycled up to 10 consecutive runs with no appreciable loss of activity. A plausible mechanism for the Friedel-Crafts acylation of phloroglucinol is proposed. Moreover, an environmental assessment has been carried out over this present method and compared with several established literature using the EATOS software and the Andraos algorithm to assess the consumption of the substrates, solvents, catalysts, and the production of coupled products or by-products. In addition, their energy consumptions were also determined. The data collected showed that the present method is the most promising one, characterised by the highest environmental impact profile against all the other reported methods. The physicochemical properties of the synthesisedDAPGwere assessed and exhibited reasonable oral bioavailability drug property as determined by Lipinski's rules.
- Firdaus, Maulidan,Kusumaningsih, Triana,Prasetyo, Wahyu Eko
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p. 31824 - 31837
(2020/09/17)
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- Derivatives of Natural Product Agrimophol as Disruptors of Intrabacterial pH Homeostasis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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This article reports the rational medicinal chemistry of a natural product, agrimophol (1), as a new disruptor of intrabacterial pH (pHIB) homeostasis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Through the systematic investigation of the structure-activity relationship of 1, scaffold-hopping of the diphenylmethane scaffold, pharmacophore displacement strategies, and studies of the structure-metabolism relationship, a new derivative 5a was achieved. Compound 5a showed 100-fold increased potency in the ability to reduce pHIB to pH 6.0 and similarly improved mycobactericidal activity compared with 1 against both Mycobacterium bovis-BCG and Mtb. Compound 5a possessed improved metabolic stability in human liver microsomes and hepatocytes, lower cytotoxicity, higher selectivity index, and similar pKa value to natural 1. This study introduces a novel scaffold to an old drug, resulting in improved mycobactericidal activity through decreasing pHIB, and may contribute to the critical search for new agents to overcome drug resistance and persistence in the treatment of tuberculosis.
- Wu, Jie,Mu, Ran,Sun, Mingna,Zhao, Nan,Pan, Miaomiao,Li, Hongshuang,Dong, Yi,Sun, Zhaogang,Bai, Jie,Hu, Minwan,Nathan, Carl F.,Javid, Babak,Liu, Gang
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p. 1087 - 1104
(2019/05/22)
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- Novel diphenylmethyl compounds having mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibitory activity
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The invention relates to novel diphenylmethyl derivatives having mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibitory activity and a preparation method thereof and particularly relates novel diphenylmethyl derivatives having activity for inhibiting replicative and non-replicating mycobacterium tuberculosis and a preparation method thereof. In particular, the invention relates to compounds shown in the formula (I) or all possible isomers, prodrugs, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or hydrates thereof, wherein the variables are as described in the specification. The invention also relates to the preparation method of the compounds and their pharmaceutical compositions and a use of the compounds in preparation of drugs for treating mycobacterium tuberculosis infection-caused diseases.
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Paragraph 0270; 0271; 0276; 0277; 0845-0848
(2019/02/13)
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- Design of wogonin-inspired selective cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitors with potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity
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Wogonin, a natural product isolated from the plant Scutellaria baicalensis, has been shown to be a potent and selective inhibitor of CDK9. With the purpose of investigating the activity and selectivity of this chemical scaffold, several series of wogonin derivatives were prepared and screened for CDK9 inhibition and cellular antiproliferative activity. Among these compounds, the drug-like compound 51 showed potent activity against CDK9 (IC50 = 19.9 nM) and MV4-11 cell growth (IC50 = 20 nM). In addition, compound 51 showed much improved physicochemical properties, such as water solubility, compared with the parent compound wogonin. The follow-up studies showed that the compound 51 is selective toward CDK9-overexpressing cancer cells over normal cells. Preliminary mechanism studies on the anticancer effect indicated that 51 inhibited the proliferation of MV4-11 cells via caspase-dependent apoptosis. In addition, highlighted compound 51 showed significant antitumor activity in mouse acute myeloid leukemia (AML) models without producing apparent toxic effects in vivo, which gave us a new tool for further investigation of CDK9-targeted inhibitor as a potential antitumor drug especially for AML.
- Wang, Jubo,Li, Tinghan,Zhao, Tengteng,Wu, Tizhi,Liu, Chuang,Ding, Hong,Li, Zhiyu,Bian, Jinlei
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p. 782 - 801
(2019/06/25)
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- Novel CDK9 inhibitor based on benzofuran structure, preparation method and application of novel CDK9 inhibitor
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The invention relates to the field of biological medicine, in particular to a series of derivatives of a novel CDK9 inhibitor with a benzofuran structure and an application of the novel CDK9 inhibitor. A series of compounds are synthesized by modifying a parent nucleus of wogonin since wogonin has the disadvantages of low antitumor activity and poor druggability; particularly, an N-ring containingsubstituent is introduced into a 3' site or a 4' site; the compounds are brand-new and are not reported in literatures; at the same time, the inventor carries out a series of bioactivity evaluation on the synthesized compounds; and in particular, the most compounds have good selectivity for CDK9 and better inhibition activity for cancer cells.
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Paragraph 0039; 0040; 0041; 0042
(2019/08/01)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of chalcones as reversers of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance
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Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the major causes for multidrug resistance (MDR), which has become a major obstacle in cancer therapy. One hopeful approach to reverse the MDR is to develop inhibitors of P-gp in expression and/or function. Here, we designed and synthesized a series of chalcone derivatives as P-gp inhibitors and evaluated their potential reversal activities against MDR. Among them, the most active compound MY3 had little intrinsic cytotoxicity and showed the highest activity (RF = 50.19) in reversing DOX resistance in MCF-7/DOX cells. Further studies demonstrated that MY3 could increase intracellular accumulation of DOX and inhibit expression of P-gp at mRNA and protein levels. More importantly, MY3 significantly enhanced the efficacy of DOX against the tumor xenografts bearing MCF-7/DOX cells with the precondition of unchanged body weight. Therefore, MY3 might represent a promising lead to develop MDR reversal agents for cancer chemotherapy.
- Yin, Huanhuan,Dong, Jingjing,Cai, Yingchun,Shi, Ximeng,Wang, Hao,Liu, Guixia,Tang, Yun,Liu, Jianwen,Ma, Lei
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p. 350 - 366
(2019/07/19)
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- 3-site piperazinylchalcone derivative, and pharmaceutical composition and applications thereof
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The present invention relates to a 3-site piperazinylchalcone derivative, which has a structure formula represented by a general formula (I) defined in the specification, wherein R is one selected from a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a fused ring group and substituted or a unsubstituted heterocyclic group. The present invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition of the3-site piperazinylchalcone derivative, and applications thereof. According to the present invention, the results of the activity test based on P-gp target show that the 3-site piperazinylchalcone derivative and the pharmaceutical composition have good activity, can provide practical value in the treatment of the multidrug resistance of tumors, can solve the technical problems of difficult synthesis and high cost in the synthesis of the reversing agent used in the prior art, and is meaningful.
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Paragraph 0049-0053; 0084-0086; 0091; 0092
(2019/02/04)
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- The winding road of the uvaretin class of natural products: From total synthesis to bioactive agent discovery
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Herein, we disclose the development of a synthetic route to gain access to the uvaretin class of chalcone natural products. In this, the construction of a small library was achieved, and the collection was evaluated for cytotoxicity and other biological properties. Uvaretin (1) was accessed via a seven-step route in an overall yield of 15.1%. Within this route, the unsaturated enone variant of uvaretin (2), also a natural product, was accessed in a 16.7% yield over six steps. This route provides a nearly three-fold increase in yields of 1 and 2 in comparison to the previous synthetic route accessing them in 5.8% and 3.0% overall yields, respectively. Evaluation of 1 and 2 revealed IC50 values between 2.0 and 5.1 μM in the cancerous cell lines HeLa, U937, A549, and MIA PaCa-2. Screening of the whole chalcone library set led to the discovery of over 30 compounds, within six cancerous cell lines, possessing single digit μM IC50 activity as sole agents. Furthermore, multiple library members were found to possess promising potentiating properties with known chemotherapeutic agents.
- Dallman, Johnathan,Lansakara, Ashabha,Nguyen, Thi,Weeramange, Chamitha,Hulangamuwa, Wasundara,Rafferty, Ryan J.
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p. 1420 - 1431
(2019/08/21)
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- New methods to assess 6-thiopurine toxicity and expanding its therapeutic application to pancreatic cancer via small molecule potentiators
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6-Thiopurine (6TP) is a potent cytotoxic agent that is a clinically prescribed anti-metabolite employed in the treatment of numerous blood cancers since 1952. However, its reported severe toxicities limit its general usage in the clinic. We previously have undertaken investigations into identifying the mode of toxicity for 6TP, and have found that the oxidative metabolites of 6TP, specifically 6-thiouric acid (6TU), is responsible for the in vitro inhibition of UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UDPGDH) in a UV-vis method. In this method, inhibition was quantified through the quantification of NADH production, however, purines absorb at the same wavelength and thereby can interfere with the NADH detection. Herein, we report a HPLC method that allows for direct quantification of UDP-glucuronic acid, product from UDPGDH, for the assessment of inhibition towards UDPGDH with no interference from purines. In this method it was revealed that 6TP possesses a greater inhibitory properties than previously observed; 111 vs. 288 μM. Building upon the data collected from a previously performed rat hepatocyte study, which correlated our in vitro to in vivo inhibition theories about UDPGDH, we have developed a bio-mimic in vitro assay to aid in the inhibitory assessment of 6TP and analogs. In our efforts to expand the use of 6TP, and analogs constructed, our laboratory has undertaken a screening campaign to identify small molecule potentiators that work in synergy with 6TP in other types of cancers. Three chalcone-based compounds have been discovered through our total synthesis campaign of uvaretin, and it has been found that 11c has strong synergism with 6TP in the pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2. Through the work presented herein, we reveal new methods to assess toxicity of 6TP and future analogs and new small molecules that work in synergy to expand the therapeutic applications of this neglected cytotoxic agent.
- Weeramange, Chamitha,Lansakara, Ashabha,Dallman, Johnathan,Nguyen, Thi,Hulangamuwa, Wasundara,Rafferty, Ryan J.
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p. 717 - 725
(2019/05/29)
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- Total synthesis of viscumneoside III of Viscum coloratum
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The first total synthesis of viscumneoside III, a promising anti-angina pectoris dihydroflavone O-glycoside isolated from Viscum coloratum was described here. Trichloroaceti-midate was employed as the apiofuranosyl donor to construct the key building block of homoeriodictyol-7-O-β-D-apiosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glycoside (1). The longest linear sequence (from 2 to 1) in the synthetic route required thirteen steps and afforded the final product 1 with an overall yield of 6.3%.
- Zou, Lei,Zhang, Zixue,Chen, Xiaowen,Chen, Hua,Zhang, Yi,Li, Jianqi,Liu, Yu
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p. 2376 - 2382
(2018/04/06)
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- Hits-to-lead optimization of the natural compound 2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-geranyl-acetophenone (thga) as a potent lox inhibitor: Synthesis, structure-activity relationship (sar) study, and computational assignment
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A new series of 2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-geranyl-acetophenone (tHGA) analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory activity. Prenylated analogues 4a-g (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 35 μM to 95 μM) did not exhibit better inhibitory activity than tHGA (3a) (IC50 value: 23.6 μM) due to the reduction in hydrophobic interaction when the alkyl chain length was reduced. One geranylated analogue, 3d, with an IC50 value of 15.3 μM, exhibited better LOX inhibitory activity when compared to tHGA (3a), which was in agreement with our previous findings. Kinetics study showed that the most active analogue (3e) and tHGA (3a) acted as competitive inhibitors. The combination of in silico approaches of molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation revealed that the lipophilic nature of these analogues further enhanced the LOX inhibitory activity. Based on absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) and toxicity prediction by komputer assisted technology (TOPKAT) analyses, all geranylated analogues (3a-g) showed no hepatotoxicity effect and were biodegradable, which indicated that they could be potentially safe drugs for treating inflammation.
- Ng, Chean Hui,Rullah, Kamal,Abas, Faridah,Lam, Kok Wai,Ismail, Intan Safinar,Jamaludin, Fadzureena,Shaari, Khozirah
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- Flavone derivative and application thereof
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The invention discloses a flavone derivative and the application thereof. The flavone derivative is a compound with multiple target points and multiple functions for preventing Alzheimer's diseases. The compound and a pharmaceutical salt thereof can be applied to preparation of corresponding medicines, and the compound can be also applied to antioxidants, multiple enzyme inhibitors and metal chelating agents.
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Paragraph 0033-0037
(2021/02/24)
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- Flavanone derivative, preparation method and uses thereof
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The present invention relates to a flavanone derivative, a preparation method and uses thereof, particularly to a compound represented by a formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a pharmaceutical composition, and a preparation method thereof, and uses of the pharmaceutical composition in prevention or treatment of mental disorders and nervous system diseases. According to the present invention, the compound has excellent microglia activation inhibition activity and excellent neuroinflammation reaction inhibition activity, can antagonize a dopamine type 2 receptor, can improve the behavioral changes of a variety of mental disorder animal models, can effectively inhibit neuroinflammation and myelinoclasis, and can be used for the prevention or the treatment of mental disorders and nervous system diseases. The formula I is defined in the specification.
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Paragraph 0089
(2017/08/29)
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- Biomimetic-Inspired Syntheses of Myrtucommuacetalone and Myrtucommulone J
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Driven by bioinspiration and appreciation of their structures, the first biomimetic total syntheses with structural revision of the acylphloroglucinols myrtucommulone J and myrtucommuacetalone, two biologically meaningful natural products, were achieved through a biosynthetic hemiacetalization/dehydration/[3 + 3]-type cycloaddition domino sequence with high step efficiency. These syntheses result in a corrected structure for myrtucommulone J.
- Liu, Hongxin,Huo, Luqiong,Yang, Bao,Yuan, Yunfei,Zhang, Weimin,Xu, Zhifang,Qiu, Shengxiang,Tan, Haibo
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supporting information
p. 4786 - 4789
(2017/09/23)
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- Preparation method of Myrtucommulone J, Myrtucommuacetalone and analogues of Myrtucommulone J and Myrtucommuacetalone
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The invention discloses a preparation method of an antimicrobial compound Myrtucommulone J, an anticancer compound Myrtucommuacetalone and analogues of Myrtucommulone J and Myrtucommuacetalone. The method comprises the following steps: target products are prepared from unsaturated ketone compounds and monoacyl phloroglucinol compounds in a nonpolar solvent under the action of a trifluoroacetic acid, acetic acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst through a reaction. Biomimetic total synthesis is realized for the first time, the structure of Myrtucommulone J is further confirmed, and one efficient, reliable and economical preparation method is provided for abundant obtaining of Myrtucommulone J, Myrtucommuacetalone and the analogues of Myrtucommulone J and Myrtucommuacetalone as well as subsequent structure-function relationship and druggability based development and production.
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Paragraph 0114; 0115; 0149; 0150; 0151
(2018/03/24)
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- Structure-activity relationships and optimization of acyclic acylphloroglucinol analogues as novel antimicrobial agents
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious threat to global public health, because it exhibits resistance to existing antibiotics and therefore high rates of morbidity and mortality. In this study, twenty-one natural product-based acylphloroglucinol congeners were synthesized, which possessed different side chains. Antibacterial screening against MRSA strains revealed that acyl moiety tailoring is a prerequisite for the antibacterial activity. Moreover, the lipophilicity, rather than the magnitude of the hydrophobic acyl tail dominates variability in activity potency. Compound 11j was identified as a promising lead for the generation of new anti-MRSA drug development. It was discovered by optimization of the side chain length in light of the potency, the breadth of the antibacterial spectrum, the rate of bactericidal action, as well as the membrane selectivity. Compound 11j exerted profound in?vitro antibacterial activity against the MRSA strain (JCSC 2172), and its MIC was 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than that of vancomycin. A preliminary mode of action study of compound 11j at the biophysical and morphology levels disclosed that the mechanism underlying its anti-MRSA activity included membrane depolarization and, to a lesser extent, membrane disruption and cell lysis.
- Tan, Haibo,Liu, Hongxin,Zhao, Liyun,Yuan, Yao,Li, Bailin,Jiang, Yueming,Gong, Liang,Qiu, Shengxiang
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supporting information
p. 492 - 499
(2016/10/04)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel flavanone derivatives as potential antipsychotic agents
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In this study, a series of novel flavanone derivatives were designed and synthesized, and the antipsychotic activities of the target compounds were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that synthesized compounds 7a–7g decreased the activity of dopamine D2 receptors in HEK293 cells co-transfected with D2 receptor/G protein α16a, with IC50 values of 0.051–0.35?μm. Compounds 7a–7g inhibited the over-production of nitric oxide stimulated by lipopolysaccharide/interferon-γ in BV-2 microglial cells. In mice, intragastric administration of 7d, 7e, and 7g reversed the increase in locomotor activity induced by MK-801 (an antagonist of NMDA receptors) and decreased the hyperactivity of climbing behavior induced by apomorphine (a dopamine receptor agonist). These results suggest that some of the novel flavanone derivatives have potential antipsychotic effects and may be useful in the treatment of schizophrenia.
- Gu, Hong-Shun,Chen, Xi,Zhang, Jian-Wei,Zhang, Lan,Li, Lin
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p. 353 - 364
(2017/04/03)
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- Lysionotin preparation method
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The invention provides a lysionotin preparation method. The lysionotin preparation method is characterized by including preparation steps: step one, adopting phloroglucinol and acetic anhydride as reaction materials, and performing Friedel-Crafts reaction under catalysis of boron trifluoride diethyl etherate to obtain 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophone; step two, subjecting 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophone obtained at the step one to annulation reaction with p-anisoyl chloride under catalysis of potassium carbonate to obtain 5,7-dyhydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone; step three, subjecting 5,7-dyhydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone to free radical reaction under catalysis of NBS to obtain 5,7-dyhydroxy-6,8-dibromo-4'-methoxyflavone; step four, subjecting 5,7-dyhydroxy-6,8-dibromo-4'-methoxyflavone obtained at the step three to methoxylation reaction with sodium methylate under catalysis of cuprous bromide to obtain lysionotin.
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Paragraph 0022; 0023; 0024; 0025; 0027
(2017/09/05)
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- Natural and Synthetic Flavonoids as Potent Mycobacterium tuberculosis UGM Inhibitors
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This study reports a novel class of inhibitors of uridine 5′-diphosphate (UDP) galactopyranose mutase (UGM) derived from a screening of natural products. This enzyme is an essential biocatalyst involved in the cell wall biosynthesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Flavonoids are potent inhibitors of UGM. The synthesis of novel methylated flavonoids allowed a structure–activity relationship analysis to be performed and which functional groups and structural elements were required for UGM inhibition could be determined. The binding mode of one of the best inhibitors was found to be noncompetitive. Docking simulations indicated that this molecule was likely to bind UGM in its open conformation, in a cavity recently identified as a “druggable” pocket. Importantly, two of the best inhibitors of the M. tuberculosis UGM displayed moderate activity against whole M. tuberculosis cells. This study reports the first natural products that act as inhibitor of UGM. Given the importance of natural products in medicinal chemistry, these results create new opportunities for the discovery of new antitubercular agents.
- Villaume, Sydney A.,Fu, Jian,N'Go, Inès,Liang, Hui,Lou, Huayong,Kremer, Laurent,Pan, Weidong,Vincent, Stéphane P.
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supporting information
p. 10423 - 10429
(2017/08/07)
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- 4 - aromatic amine - coumarin derivatives and its preparation method and medical use (by machine translation)
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The invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, in particular relates to a series of 4?Aromatic amine?Coumarin derivatives, method for their preparation and use in medicine, in particular for the treatment of tumor, such as breast cancer, and the like. The present invention relates to compounds of the general structure is as follows, each group in the formula is defined in the specification. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0042; 0043; 0101; 0102; 0103
(2016/11/21)
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- A Novel Parkinson's Disease Drug Candidate with Potent Anti-neuroinflammatory Effects through the Src Signaling Pathway
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Numerous drug treatments are available for Parkinson's disease (PD), an age-related neurodegenerative disease, but most cause serious side effects. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies that halt disease progression and allow for long-term administration are urgently needed. Neuroinflammation critically contributes to the pathogenesis of PD. Here, we report the discovery and optimization of phloroglucinol derivatives, a novel class of anti-neuroinflammatory compounds. Structural modifications of the hit compound 3-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)butan-1-one produced 43 derivatives, including a preclinical candidate (compound 21), that exhibited potent in vitro anti-neuroinflammatory effects, good blood-brain barrier penetration, and desirable safety margins in mice at a median lethal dose (LD50) >5000 mg/kg. Its in vivo efficacy was demonstrated in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)- and MPTP/probenecid (prob)-induced subacute and chronic PD models, respectively, and α-synuclein transgenic mice. Mechanistic studies revealed neuroinflammation inhibition by targeting Src/phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)/Akt signaling might be promising. We highlighted the potential usefulness of phloroglucinol derivatives in PD treatment.
- Wang, Ya-Dan,Bao, Xiu-Qi,Xu, Song,Yu, Wen-Wen,Cao, Sheng-Nan,Hu, Jin-Ping,Li, Yan,Wang, Xiao-Liang,Zhang, Dan,Yu, Shi-Shan
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p. 9062 - 9079
(2016/10/22)
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- Ring opening myrtle ketone analogue as well as preparation method and application thereof to antibacterial medicines
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The invention discloses a ring opening myrtle ketone analogue as well as a preparation method and application thereof to antibacterial medicines. The structure of the ring opening myrtle ketone analogue is shown in a formula (1) in the specification, wherein in the formula (1), R is H, a C1-C15 straight chain or branched chain or naphthenic base or an aromatic group. The ring opening myrtle ketone analogue has obvious activity of resisting Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, B.subtilis, B.thuringiensis or Escherichia coli, so the ring opening myrtle ketone analogue can be used for preparing bacterial infection resistant medicines and is especially applied to preventing and treating clinically common MRSA infectious diseases.
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Paragraph 0029; 0032-0033
(2017/02/24)
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- Compound 2-methyl -5,7-dihydroxy chromon a chemical preparation method
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The invention provides a chemical preparation method of a compound 2-methyl-5,7-dihydroxy chromone. The chemical preparation method comprises the following steps: by mainly adopting phloroglucinol and acetyl chloride as raw materials, firstly synthesizing 2,4,6-trihydroxy acetophenone by using Lewis acid as a catalyst in an organic solvent system; then replenishing acetyl chloride and a condensation catalyst namely anhydrous sodium acetate, further performing condensation with generated 2,4,6-trihydroxy acetophenone, and performing 'one-pot reaction' to obtain 2-methyl-3-acetyl-5,7-diacetoxyl chromone; and finally, removing acetyl and acetoxyl of 2-methyl-3-acetyl-5,7-diacetoxyl chromone by virtue of soda boiling to obtain a target product namely 2-methyl-5,7-dihydroxy chromone. The method provided by the invention is simple and easily-available in adopted raw material, can simplify the reaction steps, and has the advantages of low cost, high yield, mild reaction condition, applicability in industrial production, environmental protection and the like.
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Paragraph 0029; 0031; 0032
(2017/03/08)
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- An improved synthesis of apigenin and luteolin
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Apigenin and luteolin are the antioxidant flavonoids found in foods such as parsley, artichoke, basil and celery. Both of these compounds have shown the ability to protect cells against cancer and also to inhibit DNA oxidative damage. These flavonoids are part of many nutraceutical formulations available in the market. There is a need for the development of cost effective methodologies to produce them in large quantities. The synthetic process developed for both these compounds is general and can be applied for other flavonoids also. An industrially applicable high pure product, cost effective synthesis and general synthetic method has been developed and presented.
- Rambabu,Kumari,Baby Ramana,Ramani,Subbaraju,Hari Babu
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p. 1139 - 1143
(2016/03/01)
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- Pinocembrin synthesis method
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The invention provides a pinocembrin synthesis method. The method comprises the following steps that under the room temperature condition, phloroglucinol and acetonitrile are stirred to be uniform, phosphorus oxychloride is added for a reaction, and 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone is obtained; under the catalytic action of a catalyst L-proline, obtained 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde are subjected to a ring closing reaction in DMF, and a crude pinocembrin product is obtained; the obtained crude pinocembrin product is subjected to recrystallization with ethyl alcohol, activated carbon is adopted for decolourization, and the pinocembrin is obtained. The synthesis method is simple in technology, low in cost, capable of saving time, high in yield and suitable for industrial production.
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Paragraph 0051; 0052
(2017/08/23)
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- A pharmaceutical intermediate anti-cancer compounds [...] 2, 4, 6-tri-hydroxy acetophenone synthesis method (by machine translation)
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A pharmaceutical intermediate anti-cancer compounds [...] 2, 4, 6-tri-hydroxy acetophenone synthesis method, comprising the following steps : (i) in the is provided with a stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser in the reaction container, are added 0.21mol, 4-trichlorbenzene ethylamine 0.41mol, n-butyl acetate 200 ml, cuprous bromide 0.02-0.025mol, reducing the temperature of the solution to 3-5°C, control the stirring speed 100-120rpm, standing 30-35h, leach the orange solid imine bromates, butanol washing, the solid is placed will be 3L in the reaction container, adding 1.5-1.7L water, raising the temperature of the solution to 80-85°C, reflux 3-3.5h, molecular sieve decolourizations, filtering, washing with the xylene solution, combined filtrate and cleaning solution, reducing the temperature of the solution to 5-9°C, placing 30-35h, filtering out the precipitation of colorless solid, low-pressure drying, be 2, 4, 6-tri-hydroxy acetophenone; wherein steps (i) the n-butyl acetate the mass fraction is 40-55%. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0014; 0015
(2016/11/07)
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- Synthesis and evaluation of 4-hydroxyl aurone derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
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A series of 4-hydroxyl aurone derivatives were designed synthesized and evaluated as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The results demonstrated that most of the derivatives exhibited good multifunctional properties. Among them, compound 14e displayed good inhibitory activities of self- and Cu2+-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation with 99.2% and 84.0% at 25 μM, respectively, and high antioxidant activity with a value 1.90-fold of Trolox. In addition, 14e also showed remarkable inhibitory activities of both monoamine oxidase A and B with IC50 values of 0.271 μM and 0.393 μM, respectively. However the 6-methoxyl aurones 15a-c revealed excellent selectivity toward MAO-B. Furthermore, the representative compounds 14e and 15b displayed good metal-chelating abilities and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeabilities in vitro.
- Li, Yan,Qiang, Xiaoming,Luo, Li,Li, Yuxing,Xiao, Ganyuan,Tan, Zhenghuai,Deng, Yong
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p. 2342 - 2351
(2016/04/26)
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- Synthesis and P-glycoprotein induction activity of colupulone analogs
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Brain amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques are one of the primary hallmarks associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Efflux pump proteins located at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) have been reported to play an important role in the clearance of brain Aβ, among which the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux transporter pump has been shown to play a crucial role. Thus, P-gp has been considered as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of AD. Colupulone, a prenylated phloroglucinol isolated from Humulus lupulus, is known to activate pregnane-X-receptor (PXR), which is a nuclear receptor controlling P-gp expression. In the present work, we aimed to synthesize and identify analogs of colupulone that are potent P-gp inducer(s) with an ability to enhance Aβ transport across the BBB. A series of colupulone analogs were synthesized by modifications at both prenyl as well as acyl domains. All compounds were screened for P-gp induction activity using a rhodamine 123 based efflux assay in the P-gp overexpressing human adenocarcinoma LS-180 cells, wherein all compounds showed significant P-gp induction activity at 5 μM. In the western blot studies in LS-180 cells, compounds 3k and 5f were able to induce P-gp as well as LRP1 at 1 μM. The effect of compounds on the Aβ uptake and transport was then evaluated. Among all tested compounds, diprenylated acyl phloroglucinol 5f displayed a significant increase (29%) in Aβ transport across bEnd3 cells grown on inserts as a BBB model. The results presented here suggest the potential of this scaffold to enhance clearance of brain Aβ across the BBB and thus its promise for development as a potential anti-Alzheimer agent.
- Bharate, Jaideep B.,Batarseh, Yazan S.,Wani, Abubakar,Sharma, Sadhana,Vishwakarma, Ram A.,Kaddoumi, Amal,Kumar, Ajay,Bharate, Sandip B.
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p. 5488 - 5496
(2015/05/20)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel myrtucommulones and structural analogues that target mPGES-1 and 5-lipoxygenase
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The natural acylphloroglucinol myrtucommulone A (1) inhibits microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES)-1 and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), and induces apoptosis of cancer cells. Starting from 1 as lead, 28 analogues were synthesized following a straightforward modular strategy with high yielding convergent steps. Major structural variations concerned (I) replacement of the syncarpic acid moieties by dimedone or indandione, (II) cyclization of the syncarpic acid with the acylphloroglucinol core, and (III) substitution of the methine bridges and the acyl residue with isopropyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl or phenyl groups, each. The potency for mPGES-1 inhibition was improved by 12.5-fold for 43 (2-(1-(3-hexanoyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-(1-(3-hydroxy-1-oxo-1H-inden-2-yl)-2-methylpropyl)phenyl)-2-methylpropyl)-3-hydroxy-1H-inden-1-one) with IC50 Combining double low line 0.08 μM, and 5-LO inhibition was improved 33-fold by 47 (2-((3-hexanoyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-((3-hydroxy-1-oxo-1H-inden-2-yl) (phenyl)methyl)phenyl) (phenyl)methyl)-3-hydroxy-1H-inden-1-one) with IC50 Combining double low line 0.46 μM. SAR studies revealed divergent structural determinants for induction of cell death and mPGES-1/5-LO inhibition, revealing 43 and 47 as non-cytotoxic mPGES-1 and 5-LO inhibitors that warrant further preclinical assessment as anti-inflammatory drugs.
- Wiechmann, Katja,Müller, Hans,Huch, Volker,Hartmann, David,Werz, Oliver,Jauch, Johann
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p. 133 - 149
(2015/07/07)
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- Synthesis of xanthohumol analogues and discovery of potent thioredoxin reductase inhibitor as potential anticancer agent
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The selenoprotein thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) are attractive targets for anticancer drugs development. Xanthohumol (Xn), a naturally occurring polyphenol chalcone from hops, has received increasing attention because of its multiple pharmacological activities. We synthesized Xn and its 43 analogues and discovered that compound 13n displayed the highest cytotoxicity toward HeLa cells (IC50 = 1.4 μM). Structure-activity relationship study indicates that the prenyl group is not necessary for cytotoxicity, and introducing electron-withdrawing group, especially on the meta-position, is favored. In addition, methylation of the phenoxyl groups generally improves the potency. Mechanistic study revealed that 13n selectively inhibits TrxR and induces reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in HeLa cells. Cells overexpressing TrxR are resistant to 13n insult, while knockdown of TrxR sensitizes cells to 13n treatment, highlighting the physiological significance of targeting TrxR by 13n. The clarification of the structural determinants for the potency would guide the design of novel potent molecules for future development.
- Zhang, Baoxin,Duan, Dongzhu,Ge, Chunpo,Yao, Juan,Liu, Yaping,Li, Xinming,Fang, Jianguo
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supporting information
p. 1795 - 1805
(2015/04/27)
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- Design, synthesis and evaluation of chromone-2-carboxamido-alkylbenzylamines as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
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A series of chromone-2-carboxamido-alkylbenzylamines were designed, synthesized and evaluated as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results showed that most of these compounds exhibited good multifunctional activities. Among them, compound 49 displayed excellent inhibitory potency toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE), moderate anti-oxidative activity, selective biometal chelating, and possessed good inhibitory effects on self-induced and Cu2+-induced Aβ aggregation. Both kinetic analysis of AChE inhibition and molecular modeling study indicated that 49 was a mixed-type inhibitor, binding simultaneously to the catalytic active site and peripheral anionic site of AChE. These results suggested that 49 might be a potential multifunctional agent for AD treatment.
- Liu, Qiang,Qiang, Xiaoming,Li, Yan,Sang, Zhipei,Li, Yuxing,Tan, Zhenghuai,Deng, Yong
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p. 911 - 923
(2015/03/04)
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- Xanthohumol, a polyphenol chalcone present in hops, activating nrf2 enzymes to confer protection against oxidative damage in pc12 cells
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Xanthohumol (2a?2,4a?2,4-trihydroxy-6a?2-methoxy-3a?2-prenylchalcone, Xn), a polyphenol chalcone from hops (Humulus lupulus), has received increasing attention due to its multiple pharmacological activities. As an active component in beers, its presence has been suggested to be linked to the epidemiological observation of the beneficial effect of regular beer drinking. In this work, we synthesized Xn with a total yield of 5.0% in seven steps and studied its neuroprotective function against oxidative-stress-induced neuronal cell damage in the neuronlike rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12. Xn displays moderate free-radical-scavenging capacity in vitro. More importantly, pretreatment of PC12 cells with Xn at submicromolar concentrations significantly upregulates a panel of phase II cytoprotective genes as well as the corresponding gene products, such as glutathione, heme oxygenase, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, thioredoxin, and thioredoxin reductase. A mechanistic study indicates that the ?±,?2-unsaturated ketone structure in Xn and activation of the transcription factor Nrf2 are key determinants for the cytoprotection of Xn. Targeting the Nrf2 by Xn discloses a previously unrecognized mechanism underlying the biological action of Xn. Our results demonstrate that Xn is a novel small-molecule activator of Nrf2 in neuronal cells and suggest that Xn might be a potential candidate for the prevention of neurodegenerative disorders.
- Yao, Juan,Zhang, Baoxin,Ge, Chunpo,Peng, Shoujiao,Fang, Jianguo
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p. 1521 - 1531
(2015/03/05)
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