- Synthesis of Rovafovir Etalafenamide (Part IV): Evolution of the Synthetic Process to the Fluorinated Nucleoside Fragment
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Fluorinated nucleoside 1 is a key starting material in the synthesis of rovafovir etalafenamide (2), a novel nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor under development at Gilead Sciences for the treatment of HIV. While an initial manufacturing route enabled the production of 1 to support clinical development, alternative approaches were explored to further enhance manufacturing effectiveness, improve processing time, reduce cost, and minimize the environmental impact. Toward this end, two new routes were developed to a key synthetic intermediate, which was converted to 1 using a new protecting group strategy. The new chemistry led to improvements in the manufacturing process while reducing the overall process mass intensity (PMI).
- Siler, David A.,Calimsiz, Selcuk,Doxsee, Ian J.,Kwong, Bernard,Ng, Jeffrey D.,Sarma, Keshab,Shen, Jinyu,Curl, Jonah W.,Davy, Jason A.,Garber, Jeffrey A. O.,Ha, Sura,Lapina, Olga,Lee, Jisung,Lin, Lennie,Park, Sangsun,Rosario, Mary,St-Jean, Olivier,Yu, Guojun
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p. 1263 - 1274
(2021/05/29)
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- A Reverse Strategy for synthesis of nucleosides based on n-pentenyl orthoester donors
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Strategically derivatized NPOE glycosyl donors, are able to efficiently glycosylate silylated nucleobases under mild conditions, even as low as -78°C if necessary. Ensuring trans-1,2 glycosylation, thus permitting, unlike classical procedures, a Reverse Strategy for the synthesis of ribonucleosides, where glycosylation occurs late, rather than early, and convergency is optimized.
- Fraser-Reid, Bert,Ganney, Parimala,Ramamurty, Changalvala V. S.,Gomez, Ana M.,Lopez, J. Cristobal
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supporting information
p. 3251 - 3253
(2013/05/08)
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- An efficient approach to the synthesis of nucleosides: Gold(I)-catalyzed N-glycosylation of pyrimidines and purines with glycosyl ortho-alkynyl benzoates
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Persuaded with gold: The title reaction in the presence of [Ph 3PAuNTf2] (Tf=trifluoromethanesulfonyl) led conveniently to the corresponding nucleosides with excellent regioselectivity (see scheme). Even purine derivatives underwent this transformation owing to the mild conditions, which enabled the use of protecting groups that would not usually be compatible with N-glycosylation conditions. Copyright
- Zhang, Qingju,Sun, Jiansong,Zhu, Yugen,Zhang, Fuyi,Yu, Biao
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4933 - 4936
(2011/06/24)
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- Enhanced solubility and selective benzoylation of nucleosides in novel ionic liquid
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Solubility and benzoylation study of both ribo- and deoxyribonucleosides is reported in a new ionic liquid MoeMIM·TFA; high selectivity for O-benzoylation is achieved.
- Kumar, Vineet,Parmar, Virinder S.,Malhotra, Sanjay V.
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p. 809 - 812
(2007/10/03)
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- 'Green' methodology for efficient and selective benzoylation of nucleosides using benzoyl cyanide in an ionic liquid
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Benzoyl cyanide in the ionic liquid 1-methoxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate has been employed as a 'green' alternative and mild reaction condition protocol to conventional pyridine-benzoyl chloride system for efficient and selective benzoylation of nucleosides (of both the ribo- and deoxyribo-series) at ambient temperatures. The use of benzoyl cyanide-ionic liquid combination has been successfully extended for highly efficient benzoylation of phenols, aromatic amines, benzyl alcohol, aliphatic diols, 3-aminophenol and 2-aminobenzylalcohol, which indicates the versatility of this benzoylating system.
- Prasad, Ashok K.,Kumar, Vineet,Malhotra, Shashwat,Ravikumar, Vasulinga T.,Sanghvi, Yogesh S.,Parmar, Virinder S.
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p. 4467 - 4472
(2007/10/03)
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- Mild, efficient, selective and "green" benzoylation of nucleosides using benzoyl cyanide in ionic liquid
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Use of benzoyl cyanide (BzCN) for benzoylation of nucleosides has been studied, both in pyridine and in ionic liquid. BzCN in 1-methoxyethyl-3- methylimidazolium methanesulfonate as ionic liquid has been found to be a "green" alternative compared to the pyridine-BzCN system. An efficient and selective benzoylation of nucleosides of both, the 2′-deoxy- and the ribo-series at ambient temperature was accomplished. Copyright Taylor & Francis, Inc.
- Prasad, Ashok K.,Kumar, Vineet,Maity, Jyotirmoy,Sanghvi, Yogesh S.,Ravikumar, Vasulinga T.,Parmar, Virinder S.
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p. 747 - 751
(2007/10/03)
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- Nucleic acid related compounds. 127. Selective N-deacylation of N,O-peracylated nucleosides in superheated methanol
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Solutions of peracylated adenosine, cytidine, and related nucleoside derivatives undergo selective N-deacylation upon heating at elevated temperatures (oil bath ≥ 105 °C) in methanol. An increase in the bulk of the N-acyl group has little effect on the rate of N-deacylation but increases the N/O selectivity ratio. Extended heating is required for N-deacylation with arylcarboxylic acid derivatives. Contamination with acidic or basic reagent residues is avoided.
- Nowak, Ireneusz,Conda-Sheridan, Martin,Robins, Morris J.
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p. 7455 - 7458
(2007/10/03)
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- Benzoyl cyanide: A mild and efficient reagent for benzoylation of nucleosides
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Efficient benzoylation of various nucleosides has been accomplished in pyridine with a catalytic amount of DMAP and benzoyl cyanide under mild conditions.
- Prasad, Ashok K.,Kumar, Vineet,Maity, Jyotirmoy,Wang, Zhiwei,Ravikumar, Vasulinga T.,Sanghvi, Yogesh S.,Parmar, Virinder S.
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p. 935 - 945
(2007/10/03)
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- Effective anomerisation of 2′-deoxyadenosine derivatives during disaccharide nucleoside synthesis
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The formation of a disaccharide nucleoside (11) by O3′-glycosylation of 5′-O-protected 2′-deoxyadenosine or its N6-benzoylated derivative has been observed to be accompanied by anomerisation to the corresponding α-anomeric product (12). The latter reaction can be explained by instability of the N-glycosidic bond of purine 2′- deoxynucleosides in the presence of Lewis acids. An independent study on the anomerisation of partly blocked 2′-deoxyadenosine has been carried out. Additionally, transglycosylation has been utilized in the synthesis of 3′-O-β-D-ribofuranosyl-2′-deoxyadenosines and its α-anomer.
- Gulyaeva, Irma V.,Neuvonen, Kari,Loennberg, Harri,Rodionov, Andrei A.,Shcheveleva, Elena V.,Bobkov, Georgii V.,Efimtseva, Ekaterina V.,Mikhailov, Sergey N.
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p. 1849 - 1864
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of n6,2′,3′,5′-tetrabenzoyl-β-d-adenosine catalyzed by metal iodides
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N-Glycosylation of N6-benzoyl-N6,N9-bis(trimethylsilyl)adenine with methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl carbonate was effectively promoted by several metal iodides and a desired coupling product, N6, 2′
- Nagai, Masashi,Matsutani, Takafumi,Mukaiyama, Teruaki
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- An efficient method for the synthesis of β-D-ribonucleosides catalyzed by metal iodides
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Several β-D-ribonucleosides were synthesized in high yields under mild conditions by N-glycosylations of methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl carbonate (1) with trimethylsilylated nucleoside bases in acetonitrile using a catalytic amount of metal iodide such as SnI2, SbI3 or TeI4. A deprotection of N6-benzoyl group of coupling product took place to a considerable extent when N6-benzoyl-N6,N9-bis(trimethylsilyl)adenine was employed as a nucleoside base using SnI2 or SnCI2 as a catalyst while it was minimized when SbI3 or TeI4 was used. Further, the N-glycosylation of 1 with 7-trimethylsilyltheophylline in the presence of a catalytic amount of metal iodide was more effectively achieved in nitrile solvents other than acetonitrile.
- Mukaiyama, Teruaki,Nagai, Masashi,Matsutani, Takafumi,Shimomura, Naoyuki
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- Synthesis and properties of N-phosphorylated ribonucleosides
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A new class of phosphorylated nucleosides, i.e., adenosine 6-N-phosphoramidate (6-N-AMP) and related derivatives, were synthesized in good yields via phosphitylation of the amino group of appropriately protected adenosine derivatives. In a similar manner,
- Wada, Takeshi,Moriguchi, Tomohisa,Sekine, Mitsuo
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p. 9901 - 9911
(2007/10/02)
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- Stereoselective syntheses of β-D-ribonucleosides catalyzed by the combined use of silver salts and diphenyltin sulfide or Lawesson's reagent
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β-D-Ribonucleosides are stereoselectively synthesized in high yields from methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl carbonate and trimethylsilylated nucleoside bases by the use of [diphenyltin sulfide/silver salt] or [Lawesson's reagent/silver salt] combined catalyst system under mild conditions.
- Shimomura,Matsutani,Mukaiyama
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p. 3100 - 3106
(2007/10/02)
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- Tin(II) Chloride Catalyzed Synthesis of β-D-Ribonucleosides
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Several β-D-ribonucleosides are stereoselectively synthesized in high yields from methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl carbonate and trimethylsilylated nucleoside bases such as pertrimethylsilylated uracil and adenine under mild conditions by using a catalytic amount of tin(II) chloride, a weak Lewis acid.
- Mukaiyama, Teruaki,Matsutani, Takafumi,Shimomura, Naoyuki
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p. 2089 - 2092
(2007/10/02)
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- Catalytic Stereoselective Synthesis of β-Ribonucleosides from Methyl Ribofuranosyl Carbonate and Trimethylsilylated Nucleoside Bases by Combined Use of Silver Salts and Diphenyltin Sulfide
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Catalytic stereoselective synthesis of several ribonucleosides from 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl methyl carbonate and trimethylsilylated nucleoside bases is efficiently carried out by combined use of silver salts and diphenyltin sulfide (Ph2Sn=S) under mild conditions.
- Mukaiyama, Teruaki,Matsutani, Takafumi,Shimomura, Naoyuki
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p. 1627 - 1630
(2007/10/02)
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- Nucleoside Syntheses, XXII. Nucleoside Synthesis with Trimethylsilyl Triflate and Perchlorate as Catalysts
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The novel Lewis acids (CH3)3SiOSO2CF3 (5), (CH3)3SiOSO2C4F9 (6), and (CH3)3SiClO4 (4) are highly selective and efficient Friedel-Crafts catalysts for nucleoside formation from silylated heterocycles and peracylated sugars as well as for rearrangements of persilylated protected nucleosides.With basic silylated heterocycles these new catalysts give much higher yields of the natural N-1-nucleosides than with SnCl4.
- Vorbrueggen, Helmut,Krolikiewicz, Konrad,Bennua, Baerbel
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p. 1234 - 1255
(2007/10/02)
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