- Kyanamide, a new Ahp-containing depsipeptide from marine cyanobacterium Caldora penicillata
-
Kyanamide (1), a new depsipeptide containing 3-amino-6-hydroxy-2-piperidone moiety, was isolated from the Caldora penicillata marine cyanobacterium collected in Okinawa. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic analysis and Marfey's analysis of acid hydrolysate. Kyanamide exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against HeLa S3 cells. 1 also exhibited potent protease inhibitory activity against elastase and chymotrypsin with IC50 values of 0.13 nM and 1.1 μM.
- Ozaki, Kaori,Iwasaki, Arihiro,Suenaga, Kiyotake,Teruya, Toshiaki
-
p. 3382 - 3386
(2019/05/15)
-
- Iterative l-Tryptophan Methylation in Psilocybe Evolved by Subdomain Duplication
-
Psilocybe mushrooms are best known for their l-tryptophan-derived psychotropic alkaloid psilocybin. Dimethylation of norbaeocystin, the precursor of psilocybin, by the enzyme PsiM is a critical step during the biosynthesis of psilocybin. However, the “magic” mushroom Psilocybe serbica also mono- and dimethylates l-tryptophan, which is incompatible with the specificity of PsiM. Here, a second methyltransferase, TrpM, was identified and functionally characterized. Mono- and dimethylation activity on l-tryptophan was reconstituted in vitro, whereas tryptamine was rejected as a substrate. Therefore, we describe a second l-tryptophan-dependent pathway in Psilocybe that is not part of the biosynthesis of psilocybin. TrpM is unrelated to PsiM but originates from a retained ancient duplication event of a portion of the egtDB gene that encodes an ergothioneine biosynthesis enzyme. During mushroom evolution, this duplicated gene was widely lost but re-evolved sporadically and independently in various genera. We propose a new secondary metabolism evolvability mechanism, in which weakly selected genes are retained through preservation in a widely distributed, conserved pathway.
- Blei, Felix,Fricke, Janis,Wick, Jonas,Slot, Jason C.,Hoffmeister, Dirk
-
p. 2160 - 2166
(2018/10/09)
-
- Compounds and compositions for treating infection
-
Compounds from 14 Kenyan plants, including from the root of Dovyalis abyssinica and Clutia robusta have been characterized and isolated, and their uses are disclosed.
- -
-
-
